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Rtd208
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Tomorrow will be variably cloudy with temperatures reaching the upper 60s and lower 70s. A shower is possible. A similar temperature regime will start the work week, but it could turn somewhat milder late in the week.

So far, the highest storm total rainfall from Helene in North Carolina is 36.54" at Jonas Ridge. If validated, that would be a new state record.

In the Southwest and parts of California, near record and record heat continued. Today saw the heat peak. Phoenix topped out at 117°, which toppled the all-time September monthly record and matched the existing August mark. The previous latest-season 117° temperature occurred on August 28, 2023. The extreme heat will persist into at least the middle of next week.

Continuing long-range guidance suggests that October could wind up warmer than normal across much of the U.S. The western U.S. could be particularly warm relative to normal. Widespread October warmth occurred during the last case where the AO fell to -2.000 or below while the PNA rose to +1.000 or above with a cool ENSO Region 3.4 anomaly in late September (2010), as was the case this year.

The NAO fell to a preliminary -2.751 on September 24th (all-time September record: -2.371, September 12, 1971). That was the 9th lowest value on record. La Niña winters following September cases where the NAO fell to -1.900 or below featured a predominantly positive NAO. The most recent such winters were 2016-2017 and 2022-2023. The mean temperatures for those winters in New York City were 39.3° and 41.0° respectively. The 1991-2020 normal value is 36.2°. A warmer outcome is favored by the September run of the C3S multi-model forecast for Winter 2024-2025.

The ENSO Region 1+2 anomaly was +0.2°C and the Region 3.4 anomaly was -0.5°C for the week centered around September 18. For the past six weeks, the ENSO Region 1+2 anomaly has averaged -0.20°C and the ENSO Region 3.4 anomaly has averaged -0.18°C. Neutral ENSO conditions will likely evolve into a La Niña event during the fall.

The SOI was +4.99 today.

The preliminary Arctic Oscillation (AO) was +0.384 today.

Based on sensitivity analysis applied to the latest guidance, there is an implied 67% probability that New York City will have a cooler than normal September (1991-2020 normal). September will likely finish with a mean temperature near 69.0° (0.2° below normal).

 

 

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