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October 2020 General Discussions & Observations Thread


uofmiami

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This morning, the temperature fell to 10° at International Falls, which broke the previous daily record low figure of 12° from 1952. Toward the end of the week, another near-record to record cold air mass will likely be overspreading the Northern Plains. However, much of this cold air will likely remain confined well west of the region through much of the remainder of this month.

Temperatures will likely remain mainly above normal through the remainder of the week in the Middle Atlantic and southern New England areas. One or more days could see much above normal temperatures. A brief shot of cooler air could arrive during the weekend. Toward the end of the month, cooler air could begin to spill into the region.

The ENSO Region 1+2 anomaly was -1.2°C and the Region 3.4 anomaly was -1.4°C for the week centered around October 14. For the past six weeks, the ENSO Region 1+2 anomaly has averaged -0.85°C and the ENSO Region 3.4 anomaly has averaged -1.10°C. La Niña conditions will likely prevail at least into mid-winter.

The SOI was -1.48.

Today, the preliminary Arctic Oscillation (AO) figure was -0.739.

On October 19 the MJO was in Phase 5 at an amplitude of 2.391 (RMM). The October 18-adjusted amplitude was 2.407.

Since 1950, there have been five cases where a La Niña developed during June-July-August or afterward following an El Niño winter. 4/5 (80%) of those cases saw a predominant EPO+/AO+ winter pattern. The most recent such case was 2016-17. 9/10 (90%) of the La Niña winters that followed an El Niño winter featured a predominantly positive EPO.

In addition, from the larger pool of La Niña winters following El Niño winters, there were four cases where October saw the MJO in Phases 4-6 for 20 days or more: 1983-84, 1988-89, 1998-99, and 2016-17. All four cases featured an EPO+/AO+ winter. Three cases saw the MJO in Phases 4-6 for less than 20 days: 1995-96: 12 days, 2007-08: 6 days, and 2010-11: 6 days. Both 1995-96 and 2010-11 featured a predominantly negative AO. The latest ensemble guidance favors October 2020 falling into the former pool.

Moreover, among the former pool, both 1988-89 and 1998-99 saw the MJO in Phase 5 with an amplitude of 2.000 or above as has occurred this year.  Both those winters featured below to much below normal snowfall in the Middle Atlantic and southern New England areas. Select snowfall seasonal snowfall totals were:

1988-89:
Boston: 15.5"
New York City: 8.1"
Philadelphia: 11.2"

1998-99:
Boston: 36.4"
New York City: 12.7"
Philadelphia: 12.5"

None of this is cast in stone. However, this is a plausible scenario should things evolve toward an EPO+/AO+ winter as is suggested on some of the current seasonal guidance.

Based on sensitivity analysis applied to the latest guidance, there is an implied 88% probability that New York City will have a warmer than normal October. October will likely finish with a mean temperature near 58.8°.

 

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18 minutes ago, uncle W said:

is Minnneapolis doomed to have a lousy winter now that it snowed in October or is it just an east coast thing...

In 7 of the prior 10 cases when 2” or more snow fell on any day in October, Minneapolis wound up with normal or above normal snowfall. Only two cases were decidedly below normal. 

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12 minutes ago, donsutherland1 said:

In 7 of the prior 10 cases when 2” or more snow fell on any day in October, Minneapolis wound up with normal or above normal snowfall. Only two cases were decidedly below normal. 

I was being sarcastic but 8 of 10 is a good percentage...

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45 minutes ago, donsutherland1 said:

In 7 of the prior 10 cases when 2” or more snow fell on any day in October, Minneapolis wound up with normal or above normal snowfall. Only two cases were decidedly below normal. 

Of those 10 other cases, how did the East Coast do with snow those years?

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8 minutes ago, TriPol said:

Of those 10 other cases, how did the East Coast do with snow those years?

For the most part, average or above. However, in the cases with the larger amounts, the East wound up with below normal snowfall. The sample size is too small to draw conclusions about the East, especially when one considers ENSO.

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The next 8 days are averaging 62degs.      Making it 57degs., or +3.0

Now the EURO is 25 degrees warmer than the GFS by the end of the month.   BN delayed to the 30th. now?   By November ENS/OP are dancing to a different (fill in).

Tropics:  29.0N 58.4W.

61*(97%RH) here at 6am, FOG <0.5 mile.       63* by 9am but still foggy.       64* by 10am with Fog lifting.       65* by Noon, some fog still around-vertical mixing not done yet.       67*(92%RH) by 2pm and still some fog lingers.      68* at 3pm but paradoxically fog back in.         64* by 7pm and foggy since 3pm.

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Morning thoughts...

Clouds, fog and mist will give way to at least partial sunshine. It will be another mild day with readings mainly near or just above 70° in much of the region. Likely high temperatures around the region include:

New York City (Central Park): 71°

Newark: 74°

Philadelphia: 75°

Overall, warmer than normal conditions should prevail into the start of the weekend.

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Temperatures around the area are starting out with minimums within a few degrees of the warmest daily minimums. These are the warmest low temperatures on this date since 2016.

Newark Liberty DRZL/FOG  61 61  9

JFK.....low of 60 so far


Newark Area, NJ
Version: 15.4 (created 2020-07-31)
Period of record: 1931 through 2019

10/21 62 in 1984 62 in 1979 58 in 2016

New York-Kennedy Airport Area, NY
Version: 15.4 (created 2020-07-31)
Period of record: 1948 through 2019

10/21 60 in 2016 60 in 1984 58 in 1979
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Epsilon impact here: First 14 second swells from Epsilon should be noticed tomorrow...building very slowly into Friday with a slightly shorter period then. Max WH modeled by the EC is 10 feet along our NYC forum Atlantic shore... that being the rarity...most of these long period swells ~ 6 - 7 feet.

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The forecast details beyond 7 days may be lower skill than usual. It looks like the EPS is struggling with the wavelengths following the big Epsilon ET. So we’ll probably have to wait and see how the late October into early November forecast evolves.

New run

7A842E32-EACE-4385-87F3-5AF083E0A36C.thumb.png.8dd5396e22b2eb9f1ce84c7297855cbc.png

Old run

5E8D62D7-43E3-4173-A468-543433A5DB74.thumb.png.3f4afe96e76e7665b505c1a5fe3a59af.png

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On 10/19/2020 at 8:06 PM, donsutherland1 said:

Warmer conditions returned today. Temperatures will likely remain mainly above normal through the remainder of the week. One or more days could see much above normal temperatures.

The ENSO Region 1+2 anomaly was -1.2°C and the Region 3.4 anomaly was -1.4°C for the week centered around October 14. For the past six weeks, the ENSO Region 1+2 anomaly has averaged -0.85°C and the ENSO Region 3.4 anomaly has averaged -1.10°C. La Niña conditions will likely prevail at least into mid-winter.

The SOI was -6.71.

Today, the preliminary Arctic Oscillation (AO) figure was -1.163.

On October 18 the MJO was in Phase 5 at an amplitude of 2.400 (RMM). The October 17-adjusted amplitude was 2.592.

Since 1950, there have been five cases where a La Niña developed during June-July-August or afterward following an El Niño winter. 4/5 (80%) of those cases saw a predominant EPO+/AO+ winter pattern. The most recent such case was 2016-17. 9/10 (90%) of the La Niña winters that followed an El Niño winter featured a predominantly positive EPO.

In addition, from the larger pool of La Niña winters following El Niño winters, there were four cases where October saw the MJO in Phases 4-6 for 20 days or more: 1983-84, 1988-89, 1998-99, and 2016-17. All four cases featured an EPO+/AO+ winter. Three cases saw the MJO in Phases 4-6 for less than 20 days: 1995-96: 12 days, 2007-08: 6 days, and 2010-11: 6 days. Both 1995-96 and 2010-11 featured a predominantly negative AO. The latest ensemble guidance favors October 2020 falling into the former pool.

Moreover, among the former pool, both 1988-89 and 1998-99 saw the MJO in Phase 5 with an amplitude of 2.000 or above as has occurred this year.  Both those winters featured below to much below normal snowfall in the Middle Atlantic and southern New England areas. Select snowfall seasonal snowfall totals were:

1988-89:
Boston: 15.5"
New York City: 8.1"
Philadelphia: 11.2"

1998-99:
Boston: 36.4"
New York City: 12.7"
Philadelphia: 12.5"

None of this is cast in stone. However, this is a plausible scenario should things evolve toward an EPO+/AO+ winter as is suggested on some of the current seasonal guidance.

Based on sensitivity analysis applied to the latest guidance, there is an implied 85% probability that New York City will have a warmer than normal October. October will likely finish with a mean temperature near 58.8°.

Finally, Arctic sea ice extent remained just below 5 million square kilometers on October 18 (JAXA), which further extended 2020's record for the latest such occurrence of Arctic sea ice extent below 5 million square kilometers.

 

I suspect 1998-99 and 2007-08 will be better analogs than 1988-89.

 

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