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  2. May 2026 finished as the 10th driest May on record in Chicago. Driest May Rankings 1. 0.30" - 1992 2. 0.58" - 1994 3. 0.67" - 1934 4. 0.71" - 2023 5. 0.78" - 1950 6. 0.80" - 1921 7. 0.84" - 1897 8. 0.93" - 1903 9. 1.00" - 1886 10. 1.17" - 2026
  3. May 2026 finished as the 10th driest May on record in Chicago. Driest May Rankings 1. 0.30" - 1992 2. 0.58" - 1994 3. 0.67" - 1934 4. 0.71" - 2023 5. 0.78" - 1950 6. 0.80" - 1921 7. 0.84" - 1897 8. 0.93" - 1903 9. 1.00" - 1886 10. 1.17" - 2026
  4. Looks like the base state still includes a northerly wind component, which is outstanding if you like persistent drought conditions. Seems like the last several years humidity has been the exception to the rule.
  5. My opinion is the east based nature of 97-98 did not prevent a big snowstorm from occurring. 82-83 was east based and produced a big snowstorm in the northeast and mid atlantic, and 72-73 produced a big snowstorm in the south. So whether it is east based or basin wide such as 15-16, there is still usually an opportunity or two.
  6. 64, mainly sun sky with post-card cu utterly opposite condition to this morning, whence it was 48 and light rain.
  7. Isn’t the primary key in winter assuming you're far enough north usually the storm tracks?
  8. Does the difference matter at that temp? 97-98 could’ve easily produced a blizzard just like 15-16. Maybe just less cold shots.
  9. there's also the fact that the snow people have driven almost everyone else off the forum
  10. The hypothetical only works by assuming the entire tropical ocean belt is +3.3°C above recent climatology, which is physically impossible. But yeah, in theory, if ONI were +3.3°C and RONI were 0°C, that would not mean “monster El Niño.” It would mean the entire tropical ocean was so absurdly warm that Niño 3.4 no longer stood out.
  11. it would be less annoying if you people could be objective about it. you didn't even think this would reach super a few months ago
  12. I’ll give an extreme hypothetical case. Let’s say ONI were +3.3C and RONI were 0C because the tropical oceans were insanely warm. So, in other words, everything in and also around Nino 3.4 as well as the other tropical waters is insanely warm. Then wouldn’t that mean essentially no Nino SST pattern/no contrast vs surrounding waters existing to then lead to typical Nino atmospheric responses? That’s my understanding about the RONI idea.
  13. Oh yeah, I forgot: we’re only allowed to suggest modern readings may be biased warm. It is apparently anathema to point out that some sensor/site discrepancies could cut the other way — especially when the daily highs line up better than the lows.
  14. Very interesting data and absolutely, we can't forget that even if we don't see a particularly strong tropical system wind wise there could be big and far reaching impacts from rainfall. I'm guessing that early and late season will probably be most favorable for TCG because I think tropical waves are going to have an extremely hard time during peak season to survive the trek west. In the eastern MDR they are going to find a profoundly stable and hostile environment, and any that make it to the Caribbean will get ripped apart by shear. Any trying to scoot north of the Antilles are likely to run into big TUTTs ripping them apart. Waves will develop, but it's going to be uphill to say the least imo. I kind of think CAG will be the most favorable mode for TCG this year. We'll see. Another important point--it doesn't even need to be a high end Nino to cause major issues basin-wide. The SSTa tell a lot of the story. The MDR is cool (remember when some thought it would never cool again haha) and the orientation doubles down on stability/subsidence issues we had even during the highly active years recently.
  15. A +2.7°C RONI peak may be comparable to 1982 in relative ENSO strength, but a +3.3°C ONI peak would still be physically meaningful because it reflects the actual SST anomaly humans, ecosystems, and the atmosphere experience. ONI already uses a rolling 30-year climatology updated every five years. So why is RONI still ~0.6°C lower? Because the entire tropical ocean background is running absurdly warm even versus the recent baseline.
  16. At least right now, nothing screams the developing EL Nino is a modoki, if anything it looks like we would be looking at a mixed or basin wide event given the strong anomalies in the (hostile) 1.2 region and Nino 4 region. Now, what would happen towards the end of the EL Nino event is a transition to a modoki EL Nino, which isn't uncommon for a weakening stronger EL Nino as region 1.2 tends to be the first to cool. In terms of impacts on the continental U.S. summer, Tip and I had some dialogue on this a few weeks back but I don't think there is much of a correlation and there are drivers. EL Nino's tend to not become fully established until late summer or even early Fall. An argument can be made that while the PAC is in the transitioning mode and this may have a quick and direct impact on the Hadley Cell but there atmospheric response can be quite often lagged to how the ocean is evolving and there are other factors to consider. Also, if we're just focusing on the impacts on summer to stronger EL Nino events, the sample size really isn't that great and at this point a strong event isn't even guaranteed. While the data may indicate that, we still need to get there first. IMO, I think some of the late winter/early spring responses within the Arctic and stratosphere held so much weight on the northern hemisphere pattern that we're still dealing with those impacts.
  17. 13/6/2 with 90 ACE (I think a reasonable range for ACE accounting for uncertainty at this stage is 60-115 ACE). My ACE forecast is slightly lower than the mean of the seasonal forecasts on https://seasonalhurricanepredictions.bsc.es/forecast/seasonal-predictions See https://seasonalhurricanepredictions.bsc.es/about/forecasters for more background on how each group/agency produces its seasonal forecasts. 268Wx and Univ. of Arizona have shown particular skill vs. other forecasts in past +ENSO years like 2019 and 2023 (when ACE was generally notably higher than most seasonal forecasts) and in -ENSO years like 2022 and 2024 (when ACE was generally notably lower than most seasonal forecasts). Interestingly, 268Wx and Univ. of Arizona this year represent the far high end of the forecast spectrum in terms of ACE/level of activity. -Yaakov
  18. also, let's be real, the only reason why this thread gets 95% of the traffic it does is because of the impact on the following winter, which carries the largest correlation to ENSO, anyway. i doubt anybody cares about the SW monsoon (aside from Raindance) or eastern Pacific algal blooms
  19. these events always begin very EP, that's nothing new. not much support on a persistent EP event... we should see things move basin-wide by the time winter rolls around. looks pretty 2015-16 esque in that regard, not 1997-98
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