SACRUS

Highs: EWR: 83 TEB: 83 New Brnswck: 82 PHL: 82 TTN: 81 BLM: 80 NYC: 80 ACY: 80 LGA: 79 ISP: 77 JFK: 77

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Records: Highs: EWR: 88 (1949) NYC: 88 (1944) LGA: 85 (1944) JFK: 83 (2007) Lows: EWR: 38 (1958) NYC: 39 (1999) LGA: 40 (1954) JFK: 39 (1984) Historical: 1749: A hurricane passed a short distance offshore from Virginia to New Jersey. At Lewes, DE, on the Delaware Bay, the raging ocean cut a passage through the beach near Cape Henlopen into the Bay with a 5 foot clearance so that small boats could sail through. In Philadelphia, Benjamin Franklin was watching this storm. Being reported first in North Carolina then Virginia, he drew confirmation for his hypothesis made with the hurricane of 10/22/1743 that coastal storms moved from the southwest and were preceded by northerly winds. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1946: A hurricane made landfall near Bradenton, FL with 80 mph winds and a 6 foot storm surge. The storm weakened to a tropical storm as it move across Tampa Bay and reached the Florida/Georgia border early the following day. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1959: The Soviet spacecraft, Luna 3, captured the first images of the far side of the Moon. The first image was taken at 3:30 UTC on the 7th of October. 1962: Heavy flooding occurred in New England as Hurricane Daisy moved up the coast. 12.10 inches of rain fell at Reading, MA during a 3-day period. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1963: Boston, Massachusetts had a maximum temperature of 90 °F the highest temperature for October. They also had another 90 °F day on October 12, 1954. (Ref. NOAA Boston Weather Events) 1970 - Widespread flooding took place across Puerto Rico. Rainfall amounts for the day ranged up to seventeen inches at Aibonito. A slow moving tropical depression was responsible for six days of torrential rains across the island. Totals in the Eastern Interior Division averaged thirty inches, with 38.4 inches at Jayuya. Flooding claimed eighteen lives, and resulted in 62 million dollars damage. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1970: On this date through the 9th, a record breaking early season snow storm rocked parts of the upper Plains. Snowfall totals of 5 to 9 inches were common across the southwest and south central part of South Dakota. Late on October 8th and into the 9th, the southeast portion of the state was hit. Vermillion received 6 inches of snow on the 9th and that is the largest amount ever recorded there for so early in the season. The 5 inches that fell in Sioux Falls is the earliest significant snow on record for the area. The heavy snows also affected portions of western Iowa and western Minnesota. Amounts of up to 7 inches were recorded in northwest Iowa. The heavy, wet snow snapped many tree branches and downed power lines. Sioux City recorded their heaviest snow for so early in the season. In Nebraska, the winter storm brought 11.0 inches of snow near Wheatland, and a total of 8.0 inches to Scottsbluff. It also resulted in Scottsbluff setting a high of only 32°, the earliest day in fall with a high temperature at or below freezing there. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1959: The Soviet spacecraft, Luna 3, captured the first images of the far side of the Moon. The first image was taken at 3:30 UTC on the 7th of October. 1981 - Seattle, WA, received four inches of rain in 24 hours, a record for the city. (The Weather Channel) 1987 - It was another hot day in the southwestern U.S. Tucson, AZ, hit 101 degrees for the second day in a row to again equal their record for the month of October. Phoenix AZ reported a record high of 103 degrees, and Blythe CA and Yuma AZ tied for honors as the hot spot in the nation with afternoon highs of 108 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Morning fog in the central U.S. reduced the visibility to near zero at some locations. Morning lows of 28 degrees at Rockford IL and 24 degrees at Waterloo IA were records for the date. Afternoon highs of 92 degrees at Hollywood FL and Miami FL were records for the date. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Morning thunderstorms in central Texas drenched San Antonio with 3.10 inches of rain in six hours causing local flooding in northeastern sections of the city. Temperatures dipped below the freezing mark from the Northern Rockies to the Upper Mississippi Valley. (The National Weather Summary) 1992: An early fall snowstorm dumped from 7 to 10 inches of wet snow across the Belleville and Munden areas in north central Kansas. The combination of the heavy snow and high winds behind the storm caused tremendous amounts of tree and power line damage in this area. Approximately 20 power poles were snapped off and some residents were without power for up to 48 hours. Approximately 75 homes in the Belleville area sustained damage from falling trees and branches. Concordia, KS recorded its earliest snowfall on record as 2.1 inches fell. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1996: Tropical Storm Josephine tracked northeast across the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and crossing the coast in a relatively uninhabited region of north Florida. County officials estimated storm tides, storm surge plus astronomical tide ranged from up to 9 feet in Levy County to 4 to 6 feet in Pinellas and Hillsborough Counties, and 3 feet as far south as Lee County. Josephine produced a record 22 tornadoes (21 F0, 1 F2, plus one waterspout) over central and northern Florida, making it the most prolific tornado producing tropical cyclone in Florida history. These caused mostly minor damage, primarily to trees. One tornado, however, had a 7 mile long, 400 yard wide track across Edgewater in Volusia County. It severely damaged 30 homes, while 200 others had minor damage. Rainfall amount of up to 8.5 inches were reported over northern Florida in association with Josephine. Property damage in Florida was estimated to be over $49 million dollars. There were no deaths reported. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2001: The high temperature in Death Valley National Park was 95°, ending a record streak of 154 consecutive days with the high temperature 100° or hotter. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2007: Chicago, Illinois: With the mercury soaring to a record-breaking 87 °F race organizers cancel the Chicago Marathon 3.5 hours into the race. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2016: Hurricane Matthew was off the northeast coast of Florida. Matthew brought intense rainfall to the Carolinas on the 8th and 9th. 2018: Only 8 hours after becoming a depression, the National Hurricane Center upgraded the system to Tropical Storm Michael. Tropical storm force winds and torrential downpours were affecting portions of the coastal east-central Yucatan Peninsula.

71 / 63 partly cloudy. Warm with front / clouds approaching it'll be interesting to see if / who can make 80. Front brings some rain / showers 0.25 - 0.50, Clear out Wed morning, cooler dry Wed - Fri. Cutoff low into the southeast with low near the Carolinas later this weekend Sun (10/13). Forecats bring clouds later Sunday/Monday with more rain just touching southern sections before the storm drifts out. Rigde builds back over and a warmer 10/15 and beyond - euro warmer / gfs.

Highs: EWR: 83 New Brnswck: 82 TEB: 81 LGA: 81 PHL: 81 TTN: 81 NYC: 80 ISP: 79 BLM: 79 ACY: 78 JFK: 75

81 / 59

54 October 1954 Newark Weather Day High (°F) Low (°F) Precip. (inches) Snow (inches) October 1 83 70 0.00 0.0 October 2 86 69 0.00 0.0 October 3 81 66 0.13 0.0 October 4 84 70 0.00 0.0 October 5 80 63 0.00 0.0 October 6 63 48 0.23 0.0 October 7 57 38 0.00 0.0 October 8 62 38 0.00 0.0 October 9 70 48 0.00 0.0 October 10 79 60 0.00 0.0 October 11 85 61 0.00 0.0 October 12 88 63 0.00 0.0 October 13 89 63 0.00 0.0 October 14 80 65 0.00 0.0 October 15 74 59 0.31 0.0 October 16 70 50 0.00 0.0 October 17 63 44 0.00 0.0 October 18 63 41 0.00 0.0 October 19 61 47 0.00 0.0 October 20 60 46 0.00 0.0 October 21 58 44 0.00 0.0 October 22 60 45 0.00 0.0 October 23 73 39 0.00 0.0 October 24 73 50 0.00 0.0 October 25 68 48 0.00 0.0 October 26 64 49 0.00 0.0 October 27 72 46 0.22 0.0 October 28 58 40 0.00 0.0 October 29 53 43 0.71 0.0 October 30 48 37 0.15 0.0 October 31 51 36 0.00 0.0 October 2007 Newark Weather Day High (°F) Low (°F) Precip. (inches) Snow (inches) October 1 70 59 0.00 0.0 October 2 74 54 0.00 0.0 October 3 79 67 0.00 0.0 October 4 87 68 0.00 0.0 October 5 83 66 0.00 0.0 October 6 85 63 0.00 0.0 October 7 83 66 0.00 0.0 October 8 89 66 0.00 0.0 October 9 81 60 0.60 0.0 October 10 74 62 0.04 0.0 October 11 70 54 0.68 0.0 October 12 62 47 0.17 0.0 October 13 64 43 0.00 0.0 October 14 67 45 0.00 0.0 October 15 69 49 0.00 0.0 October 16 72 56 0.00 0.0 October 17 74 57 0.00 0.0 October 18 79 59 0.00 0.0 October 19 75 63 0.48 0.0 October 20 72 57 0.00 0.0 October 21 76 50 0.00 0.0 October 22 78 53 0.00 0.0 October 23 80 64 0.01 0.0 October 24 69 53 0.14 0.0 October 25 58 50 0.13 0.0 October 26 58 51 0.29 0.0 October 27 71 53 1.16 0.0 October 28 58 43 0.00 0.0 October 29 55 39 0.00 0.0 October 30 64 38 0.00 0.0 October 31 66 42 0.00 0.0

How did 54 compare vs 2007?

61 / 60 last of the fog burning into C/S NJ Pienbarrens

Records: Highs: EWR: 91 (1959) NYC: 90 (1941) LGA: 92 (1941) JFK: 88 (1997) Lows: EWR: 33 (1965) NYC: 36 (1881) LGA: 40 (1965) JFK: 36 (1965) Historical: 1836 - A second early season snowstorm produced eleven inches at Wilkes Barre PA and 26 inches at Auburn NY. All the mountains in the northeastern U.S. were whitened with snow. (David Ludlum) 1941: The maximum temperature at Richmond International Airport was 99°F today the highest temperature ever recorded in Richmond in October. (Ref. Richmond International Airport - KRIC) A strong tornado hit the east side of Kansas City, MO. 4 people were killed, including 2 people in a house that was blown intact for 700 feet and then destroyed. 130 homes and buildings were destroyed. Damage totaled $250,000 dollars. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1952: Sleet fell at several locations, making it the earliest documented winter precipitation in Arkansas. 1956: Hurricane Flossie causes tide damage along the VA bay area. (Ref. Daily News Record Newspaper - Harrisonburg, Virginia) 1963: An unseasonable heat ridge extended from California to the central Plains, Great Lakes into the Northeast. Record highs for the month of October included: Waterloo, IA: 95°-Tied, Chicago, IL: 94°, Decorah, IA: 94°, Elkader, IA: 94°, Dodge, WI: 93°, La Crosse, WI: 93°-Tied, Fayette, IA: 91 °F. Other daily record included: Kansas City, MO: 95°, Des Moines, IA: 94°, Concordia, KS: 94°, Lincoln, NE: 93°, Omaha, NE: 93°, Moline, IL: 92°, South Bend, IN: 92°, Sioux City, IA: 91°, Columbia, MO: 91°-Tied, Madison, WI: 90°, Peoria, IL: 90°, Rockford, IL: 90°, Springfield, IL: 90 °F. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1981: An airliner flew into a tornado which had just lifted off the ground near Moerdijk, Holland, causing one of the wings to fall off. The resulting crash killed all 17 people on board. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1984: The temperature at Honolulu, Hawaii, reached 94 degrees to establish an all-time record at that location. (The Weather Channel) 1985: A tropical wave, later to become Tropical Storm Isabel, struck Puerto Rico. (This name was retired after the Isabel of 2003 that hit North Carolina & Virginia) As much as 24 inches of rain fell in 24 hours, and the severe flooding and numerous landslides resulting from the rain claimed about 180 lives. (Storm Data) 1967: A Canadian weather record one-day rainfall of 19.3 inches falls at Brynnor Mines at Ucluelet. 1984 - The temperature at Honolulu, Hawaii, reached 94 degrees to establish an all-time record at that location. (The Weather Channel) 1985 - A tropical wave, later to become Tropical Storm Isabel, struck Puerto Rico. As much as 24 inches of rain fell in 24 hours, and the severe flooding and numerous landslides resulting from the rain claimed about 180 lives. (Storm Data) 1987 - The western U.S. continued to sizzle. Afternoon highs of 85 degrees at Astoria OR, 101 degrees at Tucson AZ, and 102 degrees at Sacramento CA, equalled October records. It marked the fourth time in the month that Sacramento tied their record for October. (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Cool Canadian air prevailed across the central and eastern U.S. Toledo OH reported a record low of 27 degrees. Limestone ME received an inch of snow. Warm weather continued in the western U.S. Boise ID reported a record high of 87 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Temperatures soared into the 90s across southern Texas. Afternoon highs of 93 degrees at Houston, and 96 degrees at Austin and Corpus Christi, were records for the date. Beeville was the hot spot in the nation with an afternoon high of 101 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) 1994: Storms quickly became severe as they moved into western Iowa. Monona and Crawford Counties were especially hard hit. There were numerous reports of golf ball size hail and one storm produced baseball size hail over the Ute area of Monona County. Baseball size hail also fell a short time later east of Soldier. As the storms moved east, high winds were the major problem causing some roof damage. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1998: A tornado struck Ferris State University in Big Rapids, injuring seven students. Another tornado moved from northern Isabella County into southern Clare County, damaging several homes. Total damage with the storms was more than a million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2002: Late evening severe thunderstorm developed and affected the city of West Odessa in west Texas. This storm produced large hail to the size of golf balls. It also resulted in a damaging downburst, which destroyed a couple of mobile homes. Further north, severe thunderstorms produced golf ball size hail and damaging winds across portions of southwest and south central Oklahoma. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2013: US South Dakota Blizzard 100,000 Cattle Killed!! Most Costly in History KEVN TV in Rapid City S.D. headlined on October 7th, "Ranchers suffer serious losses in blizzard," and said that ranchers "found cattle huddled up along fence lines, along creek bottoms, and in road ditches, all dead. Silvia Christen with the South Dakota Stockgrowers Association says she has talked to ranchers who have lost 20% to 50% of their cattle." "'This is absolutely, totally devastating,' said Steve Schell, a 52-year-old rancher from Caputa. 'This is horrendous. I mean the death loss of these cows ... is unbelievable.' Schell said he estimated he had lost half of his herd, but it could be far more. He was still struggling to find snow-buried cattle and those that had been pushed miles by winds that gusted at 70 miles per hour on Friday night. (Early Blizzard in South Dakota) 2010: A significant severe weather event struck northern Arizona with at least eight confirmed tornadoes. This event will go down in history as the most tornadoes to hit Arizona in a single day. An EF2 tornado was on the ground for 34 miles, ranking as the longest-tracked tornado in Arizona history. 2016: Around a half dozen tornadoes struck Kansas, including an EF-2 and EF-3 in Saline County. 2016: The center of Category 4 Hurricane Matthew passed within 100 miles of Miami, Florida.

58 / 57 warm - low level clouds/fog clearing and off to the races low 80s / mid 80s warmest spots. Just around the same tomorrow before clods / front come through bringing some rain/showers. Dries out and clear up for a nice / cooler, near normal Wed - Fri. Cut off now shifting from the SOutheast to MidAtlantic on majority of forecasts this coming weekend and into next week, so a chance at a break in the consecutive dry/nice weekends and some meaningful rains in the 10/12-10/15 period. Beyond there ridging pushes east and looks overall warmer through the 19.

Highs TEB: 91 EWR: 87 New Brnswck: 87 LGA: 86 BLM: 85 TTN: 84 NYC: 84 PHL: 83 ISP: 83 ACY: 81 JFK: 79

80 / 55 warm startr

another cutoff under thrb ridge

1941 records seem intact today by a good 5 - 7 degrees.

Records: Highs: EWR: 93 (1941) NYC: 94 (1941) LGA: 93 (1941) JFK: 84 (1967) Lows: EWR: 34 (1965) NYC: 35 (1881) LGA: 38 (1965) JFK: 36 (1965) Historical: 1638 - The journal of John Winthrop recorded that a mighty tempest struck eastern New England. This second severe hurricane in three years blew down many trees in mile long tracks. (David Ludlum) 1786 - The famous "Pumpkin Flood" occurred on the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers. Harrisburg PA reported a river stage of twenty-two feet. The heavy rains culminated a wet season. (David Ludlum) 1786: The famous “Pumpkin Flood” occurred on the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers. Harrisburg, PA, reported a river stage of twenty-two feet. 1844: A hurricane swept along the path from Cuba to the Florida Straits to the Bahamas to Bermuda and finally to Newfoundland. Such destruction "is rarely known in the annals of commerce." (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1892: Washington, DC recorded a trace of snow, its earliest trace of snowfall on record. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1917 - The temperature at Sentinel, AZ, soared to 116 degrees to establish an October record for the nation. (The Weather Channel) 1941: Record maximum temperature for October 96° in Washington, DC. (The Washington Weather Records - KDCA) Bermuda high pressure pumped record heat across much of the east. Phoenixville, PA reached 100°, establishing an October state maximum temperature record. Locations recording their all-time October high temperature records included: Baltimore, MD: 97°, Washington, DC: 96°, and Philadelphia, PA: 96°. Other locations reporting daily record high included: Roanoke, VA: 98°, Harrisburg, PA: 97°, Richmond, VA: 97°, Lynchburg, VA: 96°, Raleigh, NC: 96°, Reading, PA: 94°, Trenton, NJ: 94°, Elizabeth City, NC: 94°, Wilmington, DE: 94°, Greensboro, NC: 94°, Newark, NJ: 93°, Norfolk, VA: 93°, Allentown, PA: 92°, Greenville-Spartanburg, SC: 92°, Chattanooga, TN: 92°, Williamsport, PA: 91°, Atlanta, GA: 91°, Huntington, WV: 90°, Asheville, NC: 90°, Avoca, PA: 89°, Scranton-Wilkes Barre, PA: 89°, Lexington, KY: 89°, Beckley, WV: 88° and Elkins, WV: 86°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1954: Infamous Hurricane Hazel, which caused tremendous destruction in the Carolinas, was born on this date. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1966: Inez formed unusually far east for late in the season, Inez is among the deadliest hurricanes on record, with an approximate death toll of over 1,000 people across several Caribbean countries. In addition to being exceptionally deadly and intense, Inez was the first solitary storm on record to affect the West Indies, Bahamas, Florida, and Mexico all on one track. 45 sailors died in shipwrecks in the Straits of Florida along with 3 on land. Intensification resumed after passing Guadeloupe, and Inez rapidly reached its peak of 150 mph while south of Puerto Rico on September 28. Inez crossed the Florida Keys on October 5 as a strengthening hurricane, delivering hurricane-force winds to all of the Keys. Inez then reaching its peak in the Gulf of Mexico with 140 mph winds and 948 mb on October 9. The threat to Texas increased, but Inez was forced southwest late on October 9 and the storm weakened before making landfall near Tampico, Mexico, on October 10. Total damage more than $150 million and on its very long track as a powerful major hurricane, passing through the Lesser Antilles, Haiti, Florida, and especially Mexico. Inez's Storm Track - Weather Underground 1970: An F4 tornado moved northeast from northern Pottawatomie County, into southeast Lincoln County in Oklahoma. A total of 564 homes, 157 businesses, 12 public buildings, 5 schools, and 10 churches were either damaged or destroyed. In Prague, there were 4 deaths and 80 injuries, as the tornado tracked through the middle of town. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1972 - Heavy rains, mostly the remnants of Tropical Storm Joanne, fell across much of Arizona. It was believed to be the first time in Arizona weather history that a tropical storm entered the state with its circulation still intact. The center was over Flagstaff early on the 7th. (3rd-7th) (The Weather Channel) 1987 - It was another day of scorching heat for the southwestern U.S. Afternoon highs of 102 degrees in Downtown San Francisco, and 104 degrees at Monterrey, established all-time records. The high of 101 degrees at San Jose was a record for October. Sacramento tied their record for October for the third time in the month, with a reading of 102 degrees. The high for the nation was 111 degrees at San Luis Obispo and Palm Springs. Twenty cities in the southeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Knoxville TN with a reading of 34 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Thirteen cities in the central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Duluth MN with a reading of 21 degrees. Goodland KS reported an afternoon high of 39 degrees. Showers over Upper Michigan produced an inch of snow at Marquette. (The National Weather Summary) 1995: After accelerating northward out of the Gulf of Mexico, Opal moved quickly through the Eastern United States. Despite hundreds of miles of travel from the Gulf of Mexico, gale force winds blew through western Virginia. Winds sustained at 40 mph, with gusts past 60 mph, blew down trees mainly above 2000 feet elevation in the Shenandoah Valley and along the Allegheny Plateau. Dozens of trees were blown down along Skyline Drive in Page and Warren counties. In Waynesboro, a canopy over a service station was ripped off. South Winchester and Elkton saw 2600 homes and businesses without power as lines were downed by the winds. Two tornadoes struck the tidewater. One touched down at West Point airport in New Kent county. It tore the roof off a hangar, destroying a small airplane and damaging four others. (Ref. Hurricane Opal) 1998: A big three-day snowstorm came to an end over the Black Hills in South Dakota. Galena was buried under 48 inches of snow and Lead checked in with 42.1 inches. Rain and embedded thunderstorms dumped a large area of 4 to 10 inches of rain producing widespread flooding. Most of the flooding was confined to low areas along creeks and highways. The hardest hit areas were in southeast Kansas and west central and central Missouri. Numerous highways were closed due to high water. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2005: North Dakota: After sweating through 90 °F plus heat at month's onset, North Dakotans see heavy snow fall across much of the state. Observers report 12 inches of snow around Halliday and 10 inches at Fairfield, north of Belfield in Billings County. Minot measures 8-10 inches. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2010: Sviolent hail storm taken on Tuesday, Oct. 5th around 59th Ave. & Cactus in Phoenix Severe thunderstorms produced the largest hail ever measured in Phoenix, Arizona, and Maricopa County. Hailstones up to 3 inches in diameter caused extensive damage. The largest known hailstone to fall in in the state of Arizona (back to 1950) was 4.5 inches in diameter. This record hail fell in Mayer on September 20, 1995. (Ref. Weather Guide Calendar with Phenomenal Weather Events 2012 Accord Pub. 2011, USA) 2010: Large hail pounded Phoenix, Arizona, causing nearly $3 billion in damage. Click HERE for more information from the NWS Office in Phoenix, Arizona.

From 48 to 70 / 57. Warm 60 hours with 3 more days of low - mid 80s, warmest spots again to the 86-87 range. Front later PM Tue brings some rains. Cooler Wed - Fri. Models now with low cutting off under the ridge see,s similar to a few weeks ago more into the southeast by 10/12 - 10/15 peiord. Looks like ridging comes builds back east beyond there - overallwarmer.

Highs: EWR: 87 TEB: 86 New Brnswck: 86 LGA: 83 ISP: 83 TTN: 83 BLM: 82 PHL: 82 NYC: 82 ACY: 81 JFK: 78

84 / 54

76 / 55 gorgeous day.

Records: Highs: EWR: 89 (2013) NYC: 88 (1941) LGA: 86 (2013) JFK: 84 (1967) Lows: EWR: 33 (1945) NYC: 37 (1888) LGA: 38 (1945) JFK 39 (1996) Historical: 1679: New England from the 4th to the 5th: The Great Northeastern Rainstorm and Flood of October 1869 dumps 7.15 inches of rain in 24 hours on Middletown, Connecticut, most coming the morning of the 4th. Northeastern coastal Maine takes the full brunt of the hurricane as the storm surge produces tremendous tides. At the entrance to the Bay of Fundy, the islands of Deer, Grand Manan, and Campobello all sustain severe damage from wind and tide, as did the communities of Eastport and Calais, Maine . (Ref. WxDoctor) 1777 - The Battle of Germantown was fought in a morning fog that grew more dense with the smoke of battle, causing great confusion. Americans firing at each other contributed to the loss of the battle. (David Ludlum) 1867: Galveston, TX has a track record of severe hurricanes. Almost 30 years to the day after the famous Racer's Hurricane struck the island city; another major hurricane brought violent winds and inundation. All of the wharves in Galveston were reportedly destroyed. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1869 - A great storm struck New England. The storm reportedly was predicted twelve months in advance by a British officer named Saxby. Heavy rains and high floods plagued all of New England, with strong winds and high tides over New Hampshire and Maine. Canton CT was deluged with 12.35 inches of rain. (David Ludlum) 1877: Washington, DC set a new 24-hour rainfall record for the month of October when 3.98" fell on the 4th. (Ref. Rainfall record as of the year 1877) 1957: The world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik, was launched on October 4th, 1857 by the Soviet Union. Sputnik was about the size of a beach ball and weighed 183.9 pounds. It took about 98 minutes to orbit Earth on an elliptical path. 1963: Hurricane Flora spent 11 days wreaking havoc along her path through the Caribbean. The storm brought 170 mph winds and an 11 foot storm surge to Haiti, killing 5,000 people, making it the island nation's most destructive hurricane. The slow moving storm brought 15 - 20 inches of rain in 72 hours to parts of Cuba. The floods and mudslides killed 1,300 people in that island nation. Castro refused the United States' offer of help. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1969 - Denver, CO, received 9.6 inches of snow. October of that year proved to be the coldest and snowiest of record for Denver, with a total snowfall for the month of 31.2 inches. (Weather Channel) 1974: Killing frost on 3rd and 4th in suburbs National Airport had a low of 34°F on the 4th. (Washington Weather Records - KDCA) (Ref. Many Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1986 - Excessive flooding was reported along the Mississippi River and all over the Midwest, from Ohio to the Milk River in Montana. In some places it was the worst flooding of record. (Sandra and TI Richard Sanders - 1987) 1987 - A storm brought record snows to the northeastern U.S. Snowfall totals ranged up to 21 inches at North Springfield VT. It was the earliest snow of record for some locations. The storm claimed 17 lives in central New York State, injured 332 persons, and in Vermont caused seventeen million dollars damage. The six inch snow at Albany NY was their earliest measurable snow in 117 years of records. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) (The Weather Channel) 1987 - Southern California continued to "shake and bake". An earthquake was reported during the morning, the second in a matter of days, and during the afternoon temperatures soared well above 100 degrees. Highs of 100 degrees at San Francisco, and 108 degrees at Los Angeles and Santa Maria, were October records. San Luis Obispo was the hot spot in the nation with an afternoon high of 111 degrees. (The National Weather Summary). 1987: A storm brought record snows to the northeastern U.S. Snowfall totals ranged up to 21 inches at North Springfield, VT. It was the earliest snow of record for some locations. The storm claimed 17 lives in central New York State, injured 332 persons, and in Vermont caused seventeen million dollars damage. The six-inch snow at Albany, NY, was their earliest measurable snow in 117 years of records. 1988 - Temperatures dipped below freezing in the north central U.S. Five cities in North Dakota and Nebraska reported record low temperatures for the date, including Bismarck ND with a reading of 17 degrees above zero. Low pressure brought snow and sleet to parts of Upper Michigan. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Unseasonably cold weather continued in the north central U.S., with freezing temperatures reported across much of the area from eastern North Dakota to Michigan and northwest Ohio. Thirteen cities reported record low temperatures for the date, including Saint Cloud MN, which was the cold spot in the nation with a morning low of 19 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) 1995: Opal became a hurricane on October 2. Opal continued to strengthen, and a period of rapid strengthening late of the 3rd and early on the 4th made it a Category 4 hurricane. Opal weaken on the 4th, and Opal was a Category 3 hurricane when it made landfall near Pensacola Beach, Florida late on the 4th. Opal continued quickly north-northeastward and became extratropical over the Ohio Valley on the 5th. Hurlbert Field, Florida reported sustained winds of 84 mph with a peak gust of 144 mph, and gusts to 70 mph occurred as far inland as northwest Georgia. However, the main impact from Opal was from storm surge. A combination of storm surge and breaking waves inundated portions of the western Florida Panhandle coast to a depth of 10 to 20 ft. The surge was responsible for the bulk of the $3 billion in damage attributed to Opal in the United States. Opal was responsible for 9 deaths in the United States, including 8 from falling trees and one from a tornado. Opal was responsible for 50 deaths in Mexico and Guatemala due to flooding caused by heavy rains.(Ref. Additional Information At This Link) (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1998: Two rounds of thunderstorms at Kansas City, MO produced flash floods that killed 12 people. Most people died after driving their automobiles into rushing water. Over 100 water rescues were required during the event. 7 people died when their cars became stranded on a single bridge over Brush Creek. The National Weather Service received a commendation for their excellent warnings during the event. The first of numerous flash flood warnings had a lead time of over 30 minutes. Total damage exceeded $50 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) Oklahoma: 27 tornadoes touch down across Oklahoma establishing the national record for tornadoes in any state on a single October day. (Ref. WxDoctor) On the backside of this storm, an early season blizzard struck much of Converse and Niobrara Counties in Wyoming. 8 to 12 inches of heavy, wet snow fell from late on the 4th into the 5th over many areas. This combined with 40 mph winds snapped about 200 power poles and left about 4,000 people without power in Lusk and Manville for up to 5 days.(Ref. Wilson Wx. History) (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 2005: Hurricane Stan made landfall along the Mexican coastline southeast of Veracruz. Torrential rains of 10 to 15 inches caused extensive flooding and loss of life across Central America. Death tolls reached 23 in Mexico, Nicaragua and Honduras, and 62 in El Salvador, but the greatest loss of life came in Guatemala, where as many as 2,000 people were killed in rain-related flooding and landslides. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) Calendar day lows across much of the Midwest were 20 to 30 degrees warmer than normal. October 4th record-high minimum temperatures: 74 degrees (Lincoln, NE); 73 (Omaha, NE); 72 (Moline, IL); 71 (Rochester, MN and Waterloo, IA) ; 70 (Green Bay, WI). (Ref. Weather Guide Calendar with Phenomenal Weather Events 2011 Accord Pub. 2010, USA) 2006: Shoshone, Idaho: A rare October tornado touches down near Shoshone, Idaho community but causes no significant damage. NWS reports this is only the second recorded October tornado in the state. The previous occurred in October 1984 in Ada County.(Ref. WxDoctor) 2013: While western South Dakota was dealing with a crippling blizzard, the tri-state region of Nebraska, South Dakota, and Iowa saw several tornadoes, including an EF-4. This violent tornado started 2 miles southwest of Climbing Hill, Iowa, flattening corn crops and snapping tree trunks. As the tornado moved northeast, it intensified and struck a farmstead approximately 5 miles west-northwest of Correctionville, Iowa. Sheds and other buildings were severely damaged or destroyed, with the residence being severely damaged. The tornado continued to increase in both size and magnitude as it continued on its trek northeast. The tornado reached its maximum intensity 2.5 miles south of Pierson, Iowa, when this mile-wide tornado struck two farmsteads. Numerous outbuildings and barns were destroyed, with farm equipment being tossed over 400 yards. It was here that the tornado was rated EF-4. The tornado stayed southeast of Pierson, Iowa, and to the west of Washta, Iowa. Before lifting, the tornado produced more tree damage and downed power poles and lines 2 miles west of Washta, Iowa.

64 / 54 and off to the races. 96 hours of late summer with low - mid 80s, perhaps a few 86/87 in the warmest spots. Front by Tue night an Wed AM mat bring some rain in the 0.25 - 0.50 range. Cooler / near normal Wed - Fri before warming by the end of the week and next weekend. Overall near normal / slightly warmer till mid month. 10/4 - 10/7 : Much warmer 10/8 - 10/10 : Cooler near normal (Front brings rain 10/7 AM - 10/8) 10/11 - 10/15 : Near - above normal 10/ 16 - Cooler

Highs: EWR: 75 TEB: 74 New Brnswck: 74 LGA: 72 PHL: 72 TTN: 72 BLM: 72 ISP: 71 NYC: 71 ACY: 70 JFK: 69

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