SACRUS

Records: Highs: EWR: 70 (1932) NYC: 68 (1932) LGA: 63 (2017) JFK: 58 (2017) Lows: EWR: 0 (1981) NYC: -3 (1914) LGA: 4 (1981) JFK: 8 (1981) Historical: 1862: Known as the Great Flood of 1862, a series of storms from December 1861 to January 1862 produced the largest flood in the recorded history of Oregon, Nevada, and California. Estimated property damage in California alone was $10 million in 1862 dollars. More than 200,000 head of cattle lost their lives. The State of California went bankrupt, and the economy evolved from ranching to farm-based. The same areas are expected to be flooded again if another ARkStorm (USGS name) impacts California, which could cause over $750 billion (2011 USD), making it more disastrous than California's long-overdue major earthquake. California is currently overdue for a Megastorm, and such an event would have severe impacts on the entire U.S. economy. 1886 - A great blizzard struck the state of Kansas without warning. The storm claimed 50 to 100 lives, and eighty percent of the cattle in the state. (David Ludlum) 1888 - The mercury plunged to 65 degrees below zero at Fort Keough, located near Miles City MT. The reading stood as a record for the continental U.S. for sixty-six years. (David Ludlum) 1912 - The temperature at Oakland, MD, plunged to 40 degrees below zero to establish a state record. (Sandra and TI Richard Sanders - 1987) 1912: Cold Wave The Great Cold Wave of January 1912 a record cold wave settled in over the region. Records set in Maryland during this period remain to the present day. It was close, but not quite cold enough to break the records in Virginia set during the February 1899 "Great Arctic Outbreak". The cold wave of 1912 hit on January 5 and continued until February 16. It was one of the most severe and longest in duration on record. Ice formed on the rivers and the Chesapeake Bay. On January 13, Oakland in far western Maryland recorded the state's all time record low temperature of -40°F. In Washington, DC, it reached -8°F. On the 14th, College Park reported -26°F, Hagerstown -27°F, Frederick -21°F, Laurel -19°F, Baltimore -2°F and Washington, DC -13°F. The coldest temperatures in Virginia were -25° at Lincoln (Loudoun County) and Dale Enterprises near Harrisonburg. Fredericksburg was -11°F and Culpeper fell to -20°F. In the Eastern West Virginia Panhandle, temperature ranges were from -14° at Lost City in Hardy County to -30° at Bayard in Grant County. That makes this day one of only five days in the official climate history of Washington (11-1-1870- present) to have a maximum temperature less than 10 degrees F. The first time was on 12-30-1880 when the high was also 9 degrees F. A high temperature of 8 degrees has occurred twice - the first time was this date (1-13-1912) and the second time was 1-19-1994. The coldest maximum ever recorded in Washington, DC occurred on 2-10-1899: 4 °F(Stanley Rossen) (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1912: An arctic cold wave struck the region with subzero temperatures. Washington, DC fell to -13°F, Quantico fell to -16°F, Fredericksburg to -11°F, Culpeper to -20°F, Loudoun County to -25°F, Woodstock to -22°F, Harrisonburg to -25°F, Staunton to -12°F and Lexington to -16°. In Rockingham and Loudoun Counties these were the coldest temperatures ever recorded. Click this link to see Map - NWS 1913: The temperature at Rapid City, SD rose 64° in 14 hours. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1916: Extreme cold affected the Plains and Midwest. Bismarck, ND tied their all-time record low with -45°. Locations that reported daily record lows included: Williston, ND: -41°, International Falls, MN: -41°, Watertown, SD: -40°, Grand Rapids, ND: -40°, Huron, SD: -40°, Kennebec, SD: -39°, Wheaton, SD: -38°, Timber Lake, SD: -37°, Fargo, ND: -37°, Sioux Falls, SD: -36°, St. Cloud, MN: -35°, Duluth, MN: -33°, Valentine, NE: -30°, Minneapolis, MN: -30 °F. (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1932: The maximum temperature for the date in Washington, DC is 75°F. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1937: The Ohio River floods covered most of the town of Jeffersonville, sending 13,000 people fleeing. 90,000 people were forced to evacuate Evansville, IN. 70% of Louisville, KY was inundated. Paducah, KY was deserted in the face of the rising water. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1950: January 1950 was one of the worst winter months on record for Seattle, Washington, and surrounding areas. By the end of the month, Seattle measured 57.2 inches of snow, the most snowfall in any month since records began in 1894. The normal January snowfall is 1.4 inches. On this day, a crippling blizzard produced 40 to 50 mph winds and an astounding 20 inches. 1952: During the first days of this year, the Southern Pacific Railroad found itself battling a series of fierce winter snow storms that threatened all train operations. Their flagship passenger train, the Streamliner City of San Francisco finally set out over the Sierras on this date. The train became trapped in an avalanche. It would take 3 days to free the 226 passengers. Unfortunately, two rescuers perished.(Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1964: A large, slow moving snowstorm hit the Mid Atlantic PA was hit the hardest. Williamsport, PA was buried under 24 inches of snow. Scranton, PA checked in with 19 inches and Nantucket, MA recorded 19 inches(Ref. Wilson Wx. History) Ref. (NWS Ranking for Storms between 1956 and 2011) This is the 6th Worst Snowstorm 1972: An elementary school in suburban Atlanta was struck by lightning, sparking a fire. The students had to evacuate the building into the raging storm. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1979: A massive blizzard dumps heavy snow across southern Lower Michigan. Temperatures in the teens and strong winds lead to heavy drifting of the powdery snow, causing travel to come to a halt. The snow, at times falling at more than an inch an hour, caused power outages due to broken tree limbs. Snow accumulations were up to 3 feet, causing some roofs to collapse. South Haven, MI had 21 inches of new snow added to 24 inches already on the ground. Chicago, IL reported 16.5 inches with up to two feet around town. Grand Rapids, MI saw 13.5 inches of snow and 2 to 4 foot drifts with wind gusts between 25 and 35 mph. Peoria, IL reported 12.2 inches and Rockford, IL checked in with 9.5 inches. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1987 - Dry and mild weather prevailed across the country. Nineteen cities in the Upper Midwest reported record high temperatures for the date, including Grand Island NE with a reading of 67 degrees. (National Weather Summary) 1988 - A fast moving cold front ushered arctic cold into the north central and northeastern U.S. Mason City IA reported a wind chill reading of 51 degrees below zero, and Greenville ME reported a wind chill of 63 degrees below zero. Winds along the cold front gusted to 63 mph at Rochester NY, and a thunderstorm along the cold front produced wind gusts to 62 mph at Buffalo NY, along with snow and sleet. (National Weather Summary) 1989 - Friday the 13th was bad luck primarily for the south central U.S. as an upper level weather disturbance spread a mixture of snow and sleet and freezing rain across Texas and Oklahoma. Snowfall totals in central Oklahoma ranged up to 8.5 inches at Norman. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1990 - A winter storm in the southwestern U.S. produced more than a twelve inches of snow in the mountains of California and Nevada. In northern California, Huntington Lake was buried under 40 inches of snow, and up to 20 inches was reported in northeastern Nevada. Heavy rain soaked some of the lower elevations of California. Gibraltar Dam CA was drenched with 5.33 inches of rain in two days. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1996: The eastern half of Pennsylvania was reeling under its heaviest snow cover in memory. The area around the state capital had nearly 4 feet of snow on the ground. Parts of the northern Susquehanna Valley had nearly 5 feet of snow cover. Six days later, most of the snow would melt and combine with an unseasonably warm rainstorm to produce the worst flooding since Hurricane Eloise in 1975. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History)

30 / 22 off a cold low of 22 here. 48 more hours of the warmer / above normal regime which started on the sixth. By the 16th colder / below normal. Most snow looks to be showery / flurries or very ligh the next week. Coldest of the below period looks to be 1/19 - 1/22 perhaps a day or two at or sub freezing (wind chills could kick up Mon). Very cold into the east - the brunt looks aimed initially into the upper MW/Northeast with reinforcing cold building into the week of the 26th.

Monthly Departures through the first 1/3 of the month (1/11) EWR: +3.5 ISP: +2.8 NYC: +2.3 JFK: +2.2 TTN: +1.5 LGA: +1.0

Records: Highs: EWR: 69 (2020) NYC: 68 (2020) LGA: 68 (2017) JFK: 68 (2020) Lows: EWR: -1 (1981) NYC: 2 (1981) LGA: 1 (1981) JFK: 3 (1968) Historical: 1886: With a reading of 26 degrees below zero, Bowling Green, Kentucky, recorded its coldest temperature on record. 1888 - A sharp cold front swept southward from the Dakotas to Texas in just 24 hours spawning a severe blizzard over the Great Plains. More than 200 pioneers perished in the storm. Subzero temperatures and mountainous snow drifts killed tens of thousands of cattle. (David Ludlum) 1888: Children’s or Schoolhouse Blizzard occurred on this day. The blizzard killed 235 people, many of whom were children on their way home from school, across the Northern Plains. 1890: A tornado touched down at St. Louis, Missouri, and crossed the Mississippi River, ending just south of Venice. The worst damage from this tornado occurred in St. Louis. Further east and northeast, one tornado in McLean County passed through downtown Cooksville, destroying at least a dozen buildings, while a tornado in Richland County destroyed four homes northeast of Olney. In all, over 100 homes and other buildings were unroofed or damaged. The storm caused four deaths and 15 injuries. 1911: The thermometer at Rapid City, SD read 49° at 6 AM. Two hours later, the temperature had plunged to -13°, setting a record for a 2-hour temperature drop in the United States. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1912 - The morning low of 47 degrees below zero at Washta IA established a state record. (The Weather Channel) 1912: A strong area of arctic high pressure brought extreme cold to the plains & Upper Midwest. The morning low of -47° at Washta, IA established a state record. The record would be tied on 2/3/1996 at Elkrader. Other locations that reported all-time record lows included: Aberdeen, SD: -46°-Tied, Timber Lake, SD: -46°, Huron, SD: -43°, Norfolk, NE: -39°, Sioux City, IA: -35°, and Winona, MN: -35°. Locations that reported January record lows: Williston, ND: -42°-Tied, Sioux Falls, SD: -38°, Grand Meadow, MN: - 38°, Mauston, WI: -37°, Charles City, IA: -34°, New Hampton, IA: -34°, Grand Island, NE: -29° and Muskegon, MI: -21°. (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1916: The coldest MAXIMUM temperature ever recorded in the lower 48 was -44°F in Glasgow, Montana. This followed their all-time record low of -56. (Extreme Weather p. 63, by Christopher C. Burt) (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1918: Many locations from the Plains to the Ohio Valley and Southeast reported record arctic cold. Fort Wayne, IN set their all-time record low with -24° and Bloomington, IL reported their all-time record low of -23°, which was tied 1/20/1985. Memphis, TN tied their January record low with -8°. (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1968: La Crosse, WI received 3.5 inches of snow. This was the latest in a winter that La Crosse had gone without having a one inch or greater snowfall. Many locations across the East reported record low temperatures for the date including: Albany, NY: -26°, Burlington, VT: -23°, Portland, ME: -18°, Concord, NH: -16°, Syracuse, NY: -16°, Binghamton, NY: -13°, Buffalo, NY: -11°, Hartford, CT: -11°, Rochester, NY: -11°, Williamsport, PA: -11°, Avoca, PA: -10°, Allentown, PA: -6°, Providence, RI: -3°, Sterling (Dulles Airport), VA: -2°, Worcester, MA: -2°-Tied, Atlantic City, NJ: 0°, Wilmington, DE: 2°, New York (Central Park), NY: 2°, Bridgeport, CT: 3°, New York (Kennedy Airport), NY: 3°, Baltimore, MD: 3 °F. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1981: A bitter cold arctic air mass was in place across the East. Chester recorded Massachusetts’ coldest temperature ever as the temperature dropped to -35°. Locations that reported daily record lows included: Concord, NH: -21°, Syracuse, NY: -18°, Rochester, NY: -15°, Hartford, CT: -14°, Williamsport, PA: -12°, Avoca, PA: -10°-Tied, Worcester, MA: -8°, Providence, RI: -8°, Youngstown, OH: -7°, Milton, MA: -6°, Atlantic City, NJ: -5°, Pittsburgh, PA: -5°-Tied, Harrisburg, PA: -4°, Bridgeport, CT: -3°, Wilmington, DE: -3°, Newark, NJ: -1°, Baltimore, MD: 1°, New York (LaGuardia), NY: 1°, Philadelphia, PA: 1°, Jackson, KY: 2°, Greensboro, NC: 2°, New York (Central Park), NY: 2°-Tied, Oak Ridge, TN: 3°, Lynchburg, VA: 4°, Roanoke, VA: 5°, Raleigh, NC: 6 °F. (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1982: Birmingham, AL experienced one of its worst ice storms of the twentieth century as snow swept into Central Alabama around midday. The snow and ice arrived about eight hours earlier than anticipated in the Birmingham area turning roads in skating rinks. Thousands of motorists had to abandon their vehicles on roads and hike home or spend the night in shelters. Atlanta, GA was also hard-hit by the ice storm. An Arctic air mass continued its invasion across the East bringing many record lows for the date including: Syracuse, NY: -25°, Rochester, NY: -15°-Tied, Worcester, MA: -8°-Tied, Lynchburg, VA: 3°, Tallahassee, FL: 14°, Columbus, GA: 16°-Tied, Macon, GA: 17°-Tied, Daytona Beach, FL: 22°, Orlando, FL: 23°, Tampa, FL: 24°, Vero Beach, FL: 25°, Fort Myers, FL: 29°, West Palm Beach, FL: 29° and Miami, FL: 33°. ATLANTA, Georgia had a minimum temperature of -5° F (South FLA. had CITRUS DAMAGE) Temperature fell to -2F at Birmingham, AL. Pensacola, FL fell to 8 °F. Thirty-four record lows were established across the country. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1985 - A record snowstorm struck portions of western and south central Texas. The palm trees of San Antonio were blanketed with up to thirteen and a half inches of snow, more snow than was ever previously received in an entire winter season. (Weather Channel) (Storm Data) 1985: A record snowstorm struck portions of western and south-central Texas. All snowfall records dating back to 1885 were easily broken. Austin measured 3.6 inches, and Del Rio received 8.6 inches. San Antonio saw a record-setting 13.5 inches from this event. 1987 - Twenty-seven cities in the Upper Midwest reported new record high temperatures for the date. Afternoon highs of 72 degrees at Valentine NE and 76 degrees at Rapid City SD set records for the month of January. (National Weather Summary) 1988 - Parts of North Dakota finally got their first snow of the winter season, and it came with a fury as a blizzard raged across the north central U.S. Snowfall totals ranged up to 14 inches at Fargo ND, winds gusted to 65 mph at Windom MN, and wind chill readings in North Dakota reached 60 degrees below zero. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - A dozen cities in the southeastern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date as readings warmed into the 70s and 80s. Fort Myers FL reported a record high of 86 degrees. (National Weather Summary) 1990 - Gale force winds produce squalls with heavy snow in the Great Lakes Region. Totals in northwest Pennsylvania ranged up to eleven inches at Conneautville and Meadville. Barnes Corners, in western New York State, was buried under 27 inches of snow in two days. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1996: The fourth and final in a series of snowstorms to strike the East Coast in only 10 days dumped 30 to 36 inches of snow at Oakland, PA, 26 inches at Franklin, NY, and 25 inches at Montrose, PA. Another 4 to 6 inches fell in the Baltimore-Washington area. The 10.8 inches at Harrisburg, PA raised their monthly snowfall to 38.8 inches, the city's snowiest month ever. After this snowfall, many places had over 40 inches of snow on the ground, including Grafton, NH with 50 inches, Danville, PA with 49 inches, Jaffery, NH with 46 inches, and West Granville, MA with 43 inches. Oddly enough, this deep snow cover would be completely eradicated in most areas over the next two weeks from warm temperatures and heavy rains, setting the stage for major flooding.(Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1997: Montague, New York: Five-day (10th - 14th) snowfall event dumps record 95 inches, 40 inches of which fell in 12 hours from Saturday night through Sunday morning (11th - 12th). Over the 24-hour period, the Lewis County site recorded 77 inches, a new US national record. (Ref. Wx.Doctor)

34 / 20 as we progress warm the next 3 days as ridge builds west trough generally into the east by Thu/Fri and looking overall below normal from then on with some strong cold into the northern Plains/MW and east potentially by the 23rd. Looking overall drier on the guidance but trough could yield a period or two of some light/mod snow. 1/12 - 1/15: Above normal 1/16 - 1/21 : Below normal / dry as of now 1/23 - Beyond: Looks overall cold and potentially some stronger cold (nearby could reach the area)

Some rain/snow graupel here in CNJ 43

Was clear for a bit now some clouds but more breaks to the west ahead of the snow showers/clouds in CPA

Warmup period so far SIte: High / low (dep) EWR: 1/6: 44 / 31 (+5) 1/7: 54 / 37 (+13) 1/8: 53 / 41 (+14) 1/9: 54 / 32 (+11) 1/10: 53 / 41 (+14) 0.52 NYC: 1/6: 42 / 35 (+5) 1/7: 49 / 37 (+9) 1/8: 50 / 32 (+12) 1/9: 54 / 39 (+13) 1/10: 52 / 39 (+12) 0.38

Area of snow showers into CPA - wind will increase this afternoon into tomorrow morning perhaps some flakes / flurries later as well.

Records: Highs: EWR: 70 (2020) NYC: 69 (2020) LGA: 66 (2020) JFK: 59 (1975) Lows: EWR: -2 (1982) NYC: 3 (1968) LGA: 4 (1982) JFK: 5 (1982) Historical: 1898: An estimated F4 tornado struck the city of Fort Smith, Arkansas, just before midnight. The tornado, which touched down about 100 miles southwest of town, killed 55 people and injured 113 others along its track. 1918 - A tremendous blizzard completely immobilized the Midwest, stopping mail service for two weeks. The vast storm then moved through the Great Lakes Region and the Ohio Valley. Winds reached 60 mph at Toledo OH, and the temperature plunged from 28 above to 15 below zero during passage of the cold front. (David Ludlum) 1918: A powerful area of low pressure brought snow and bitterly cold temperatures to Chattanooga, Little Rock, and Shreveport. Birmingham, Alabama, picked up an inch of snow. In far southeastern Alabama, an estimated F3 tornado virtually damaged every building in the town of Webb. The tornado leveled one rural school, killing one teacher and seven students. Please note, the date on the historical marker is an error. January 10th in 1918 was a Thursday. 1922: Severe coastal storm gave one to three inches of rain in Washington and 20 inches of snow in the mountains. (Bob Ryan's 2000 Almanac) 1942: Rhode Island's record low temperature of 23 degrees below zero was set at Kingston. This record was broken on 2/5/1996. Locations across the east that reported daily record low temperatures for the date included: Concord, NH: -24°, Allentown, PA: -11°, Hartford, CT: -10°, Worcester, MA: -8°, Williamsport, PA: -8°, Richmond, VA: -8°, Greensboro, NC: -5 °F, Charleston, WV: -4°, Asheville, NC: -2°, Newark, NJ: 2°, Wilmington, DE: 3°, Raleigh, NC: 6°, Greensville-Spartanburg, SC: 12°, Charleston, SC: 14°, Macon, GA: 15°, Baton Rouge, LA: 19°, Tallahassee, FL: 19°, Gainesville, FL: 24°-Tied and Fort Myers, FL: 37°-Tied. Out west, Palomar Mountain, CA set their January record high with 82°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1951: An unusually strong California tornado (F2) struck Los Gatos and Sunnyvale, causing $1.5 million in damage. San Jose, CA also was hit by an F2 tornado. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1963: An F2 tornado was reported in Scott County, Indiana, north of Louisville, Kentucky. It was on the ground for 5 miles north of Scottsburg and damaged or destroyed several homes and barns. 1969: Heavy snow fell across northern Oregon on the 11th and 12th. There was heavy damage to trees, which knocked out ninety percent of the power in the area. Blizzard conditions brought traffic to a standstill, particularly over Mt. Hood, where traffic was backed up for eighteen miles. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1970: This was the last day of record lows across parts of the East as the arctic high pressure moved off the southeast coast and the upper level over Eastern Canada and refused to move out. Locations that reported record lows included: Elkins, WV: -15°, Sterling (Dulles Airport), VA: 0°, Myakka River, FL: 24°, Mountain Lake, FL: 25°, Weekiwachee, FL: 25 °F - Tied, Vero Beach, FL: 28°, Winter Haven, FL: 28°, Bartow, FL: 28°-Tied, Tampa, FL: 30° - Tied, Fort Myers, FL: 33° and Key West, FL: 48°. 1972 - Downslope winds hit the eastern slopes of the Rockies in northern Colorado and southeastern Wyoming. Boulder CO reported wind gusts to 143 mph and twenty-five million dollars property damage. (David Ludlum) 1972: A deep and very strong upper level trough dug in west of the Mississippi River. Idaho hit hard by wind and snowfall that was said to be the worst in memory. 2,000 travelers were stuck on the road and had to spend the night in the National Reactor Test Facility near Idaho Falls. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1975: The maximum temperature for the date in Washington, DC is 75°F. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) "The Blizzard of the Century" continues-- An intense low pressure system moved nearly straight northward from south central Iowa to southeast Minnesota producing a severe blizzard in the tri-state area. This storm turned out to be one of the worst winter events of all time and is often referred to as "The Blizzard of the Century". Snow amounts of 8 to 15 inches were accompanied by wind gusts to 75 mph. Snow drifted to 20 feet paralyzing the entire area. Thousands of motorists were stranded. In northwest Iowa, 15 deaths were attributed to the storm. In addition, livestock losses were substantial. Estimates included 15,000 cattle; 15,000 hogs; 1,500 sheep; and 70,000 chickens totaling to about $20 million dollars in losses. The governor of Iowa requested that 40 northwest counties be declared as Federal Disaster areas. Behind the storm, Alamosa, CO set a record low with -28 °F. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1980: The temperature at the Great Falls, MT International Airport rose from -32F to 17F in just seven minutes as a Chinook wind warmed the arctic air. This temperature rise stands as the most rapid temperature change ever registered in the United States.(Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1982: Snow squalls buried Buffalo, NY under 25.3 inches of snow to set a new 24-hour record up until that time. 800 fans were stranded at the Buffalo Municipal Auditorium after a hockey game snowed them in the previous night. Buffalo, NY was buried under 28 inches of snow from snow squalls with 25.3 inches falling in 24 hours to set a new 24 hour record until 1995. A huge arctic outbreak invaded the Deep South as high pressure was centered over eastern Texas. The zero degree isotherm was all the way to central Alabama and Georgia. The freezing line was all the way into central Florida. Locations that reported record low temperatures for the date included: Rapid City, SD: -21°, Akron, OH: -9°-Tied, Jackson, KY: -8°, Erie, PA: -8°, Youngstown, OH: -8°, Pittsburgh, PA: -8°, Oak Ridge, TN: -8°, Asheville, NC: -6°, Huntington, WV: -6°, Atlanta, GA: -5°, Lynchburg, VA: -3°, Huntsville, AL: -2°, Atlantic City, NJ: -2°, Newark, NJ: -2°, Birmingham, AL: -1°, Wilmington, DE: -1°, Athens, GA: 0°, Harrisburg, PA: 0°, Roanoke, VA: 0°, Augusta, GA: 1°, Baltimore, MD: 1°, Philadelphia, PA: 1°, Chattanooga, TN: 1°, Washington, DC: 2 °F. (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1987 - A storm in the northeastern U.S. buried the mountains of central Vermont with up to 26 inches of snow, and snowfall totals in Maine ranged up to 27 inches at Telos Lake. Winds gusted to 45 mph at Newark NJ and Albany NY. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Snow and high winds in Utah resulted in a fifty car pile-up along Interstate 15. Winds in Wyoming gusted to 115 mph at Rendezvous Peak. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - A cold front which the previous day produced 21 inches of snow at Stampede Pass WA and wind gusts to 75 mph at Mammoth Lakes CA, spread snow across Colorado. Totals in Colorado ranged up to 17 inches at Steamboat Springs. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1990 - Strong northwesterly winds associated with a deep low pressure system crossing the Upper Great Lakes Region ushered cold air into the central U.S. Winds gusted to 72 mph at Fort Dodge IA, and wind gusts reached 75 mph at Yankton SD. Snow and high winds created blizzard conditions in northwestern Minnesota. Squalls produced heavy snow in parts of Upper Michigan and northern Lower Michigan, with 16 inches reported at Wakefield. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 2005: A big storm produced heavy rain and mountain snows across the Sierra Nevada area in California. Farewell Gap, CA recorded 152.5 inches of snow over a 5-day period beginning on the 7th. 123 inches of snow fell at Wet Meadow and 108” at Ostrander Lake, West Woodchuck Meadow and Pascoes, CA. For the 15 day period beginning 12/28/2004 through this date, Reno, NV picked up 81 inches of snow. The storm produced unprecedented rainfall across the lower elevations. Opid's Camp, CA measured 31.25 inches of rain in a 108 hour period. From 12/26/2004 through this date, the site picked up an amazing 51.77 inches of rain. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008 - Iraqis in Baghdad woke up to the novelty of falling snowflakes as the city experienced its first snowfall in about 100 years. (NCDC) 2010: Bitter cold temperatures gripped central and southern Florida with lows in the teens and 30s.

43 / 40 0.70 inthe bucket last night. Should see clearing and sunshine around noon or so. Overall above normall till Wed. Trough into the east / Ridge balloons and colder / below normal by the 16th.. Still have storm potential Jan 15 - Jan 19 or so or is it mainly dry. Beyond there still looks to edge below normal overall.

Warmup period so far SIte: High / low (dep) EWR: 1/6: 44 / 31 (+5) 1/7: 54 / 37 (+13) 1/8: 53 / 41 (+14) 1/9: 54 / 32 (+11) NYC: 1/6: 42 / 35 (+5) 1/7: 49 / 37 (+9) 1/8: 50 / 32 (+12) 1/9: 54 / 39 (+13)

Records: Highs: EWR: 65 (2016) NYC: 60 (1876) LGA: 59 (2016) JFK: 58 (2016) Lows: EWR: 0 (1982) NYC" -3 (1875) LGA: 2 (2004) JFK: 2 (2004) Historical: 1800 - Savannah, GA, received a foot and a half of snow, and ten inches blanketed Charleston SC. It was the heaviest snowfall of record for the immediate Coastal Plain of the southeastern U.S. (David Ludlum) 1800: According to David Ludlum, Savannah, Georgia, received a foot and a half of snow and ten inches blanketed Charleston, SC. It was the heaviest snowfall of record for the immediate Coastal Plain of the southeastern U.S. 1836: “The Big Snow” dumped as much as 40 inches of snow over northern and western Pennsylvania and interior New York State. As much as 2 feet fell across southern New Jersey. 18 inches was recorded at New York City, NY and 15 inches fell at Philadelphia, PA. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1859: The coldest daytime ever experienced in NY City (and throughout New England for that matter) occurred on January 10, 1859. Accurate thermometers were commonplace and well distributed by this time although most of them were not self-registering, meaning that observations had to be made visually, usually three times daily at 7 a.m., 2 p.m., and 9 p.m. The day of January 10 was most likely the coldest ever, based on observations from Montreal, Canada, to New York City. Montreal reported a 7 a.m. reading of -43.6°F on this day, a reading some 15 degrees lower than its modern record minimum of -29°F recorded in 1933. Professor Petty of the University of Vermont in Burlington recorded -31.5°F at 7 a.m. and a bone-chilling 2 p.m. temperature of only -26°F. At Harvard in Cambridge, Massachusetts registered only -4.5°F at 2 p.m. In New York the official thermometer located at Erasmus Hall in Brooklyn registered the following temperature range that day: 7 a.m. -3.7°F, 11 a.m. -7.5°F, 2 p.m. -3.8°F, 9 p.m. -8.0°F. White Plains, just north of the city, reported readings of -13°F at 7 a.m., -10°F at 2 p.m. and -15°F at 9 p.m. This was probably the only day in New York City history when the temperature failed to rise above zero degrees.(Extreme Weather p. 61, by Christopher C. Burt) (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1873: A severe blizzard struck Minnesota, killing 70 settlers, injuring countless others and destroying thousands of livestock. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1875: The minimum temperature for the date is -3°F. in Washington, DC. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1911 - The temperature at Rapid City, SD, plunged 47 degrees in just fifteen minutes. (The Weather Channel) 1949 - Snow was reported at San Diego, CA, for the first and only time since 1882. Snow was noted even on some of the beaches in parts of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Burbank reported 4.7 inches, and Long Beach and Laguna Beach received one inch of snow. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1949: Snow was reported in San Diego, California, for the first time since 1882. The snow was noted on some of the beaches in parts of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. 1975 - The "Storm of the Century" hit Minnesota. A severe blizzard moved northward across the state producing up to two feet of snow. High winds drove wind chill readings to 80 degrees below zero, and at Duluth MN the barometric pressure dipped to 28.55 inches. The storm, which claimed 35 lives, occurred on the 102nd anniversary of the infamous "Pioneer Blizzard" in Minnesota. (David Ludlum) In the warm sector, an F4 tornado struck McComb, MS just after 8 AM, hitting two schools as 325 students took shelter. Fortunately, only 5 people were injured. The twister destroyed 88 homes and 30 businesses across the city. Nine people were killed along the tornadoes 47 mile path. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1981: An arctic blast covered the eastern two-thirds of the country. Wind chills went down to -50° with the coldest wind chill reading of -98° reported at Fargo, ND. Despite the blast only a few locations reported record lows for the date including: Ste. St. Marie, MI: -27°, Providence, RI: 3° and Jackson, KY: 11°. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1982 - The temperature at O'Hare Airport in Chicago, IL, plunged to an all-time record of 26 degrees below zero, and high winds drove the wind chill reading to 77 degrees below zero. The temperaturein Downtown Chicago reached 23 degrees below zero. A week later a second arctic surge sent the temperature plunging back down to 25 degrees below zero. (Weather Channel) (National Weather Summary) 1982: Bitterly cold weather was found across Illinois. Of the 109 weather reporting stations in the state, 48 of those reported lows of 20 degrees below zero or colder. Some of the most frigid temperatures included 27 below zero at Rockford, 26 below zero at Chicago, and 25 below zero at Kankakee and Peoria. The Freezer Bowl was played between the Cincinnati Bengals and the San Deigo Chargers in bitterly cold wind chills. The air temperature was −9 °F, but the wind chill, factoring in a sustained wind of 27 mph, was −37 °F. 1987 - Bitter cold air invaded the Rocky Mountain Region, with subzero readings reported as far south as Gallop NM. Pocatello ID reported a record low reading of 14 degrees below zero. (National Weather Summary) 1988 - A storm in the northwestern U.S. produced wind gusts to 97 mph at Netarts OR, and up to two feet of snow in the mountains of Oregon. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - The first documented January tornado of record in Utah struck the south part of Sandy. Asphalt shingles were driven one half inch into a fence. (The Weather Channel) Clear skies, light winds, and up to 24 inches of snow cover, allowed the temperature to plunge to 45 degrees below zero at Roseau MN, and to -43 degrees at Warroad MN. The afternoon high at Grand Forks ND was 16 degrees below zero. (National Weather Summary) 1990 - Strong southerly winds ahead of a Pacific cold front helped temperatures in the central U.S. soar as much as 50 degrees during the day. A total of fifty cities in the central U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date, with afternoon highs in the 70s reported as far north as Nebraska and eastern Colorado. Highs of 53 at devils Lake ND, 76 at Grand Island NE, 73 at Lincoln NE, and 73 at North Platte NE, established records for the month of January. (National Weather Summary) 2001 - Storms dumped more than seven inches of rain on parts of southern California, including Los Angeles, where nearly four inches of rain fell. The heavy rains caused mudslides and road closures along much of California's central coast and up to three feet of snow was deposited in some coastal mountain areas. (NCDC)

43 / 34 cloudy rain will work its way northeast over the next 4 - 6 hours with the heaviest rains this afternoon into the evening - 0.5 to 1 inch - salt and mush clearer. Dires out Sunday and overall above normal 1/11 - 1/15. Ridge west balloons pushing trough / colder and potential storms our way in the 1/15 - 1/19 period as much discussed. Beyond there looks to edge slightly below normal overall the closing week.

Warmup period so far SIte: High / low (dep) EWR: 1/6: 44 / 31 (+5) 1/7: 54 / 37 (+13) 1/8: 53 / 41 (+14) NYC: 1/6: 42 / 35 (+5) 1/7: 49 / 37 (+9) 1/8: 50 / 32 (+12)

Records: Highs: EWR: 67 (1998) NYC: 64 (2008) LGA: 66 (2008) JFK: 65 (2008) Lows: EWR: 1 (1968) NYC: -1 (1968) LGA: 1 (1968) JFK: 0 (1968) cold week Historical: 1875 - The temperature at Cheyenne, WY, dipped to an all-time record cold reading of -38 degrees. (The Weather Channel) 1880: A rapidly deepening low-pressure system produced powerful winds along the Pacific Northwest coast. While wind measurements were limited, there were widespread reports of wind damage. 1888 - Severe cold gripped much of the western U.S. At Portland OR the Columbia River was frozen for two weeks, and in southern California temperatures dipped below freezing in some of the citrus growing areas. (David Ludlum) 1932 Pink snow fell in Durango, CO as dust from the Painted Desert mixed with a snowstorm. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1934 Sleet and ice storm over southwest Minnesota. Hardest hit was Slayton, Tracy and Pipestone. The thickest ice was just east of Pipestone with ice measuring 6 to 8 inches in diameter. At Holland in Pipestone County three strands of #6 wire measured 4.5 inches in diameter and weighed 33 ounces per foot. The ice was described as: "Very peculiar in formation being practically round on three sides, the lower side being ragged projectiles like icicles: in other words pointed. The frost and ice were wet, not flaky like frost usually is. In handling this, it could be squeezed into a ball and did not crumble." (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1937: The maximum temperature for the date in Washington, DC is 76°F. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1949: The most significant snowstorm to hit lower elevations of southern California started on this day and ended on the 11th. 14 inches fell in Woodland Hills, 8 inches in La Cañada and Catalina Island, at 2,100 feet, 6 inches at Altadena, 5 inches at Burbank, 4 inches at Pasadena, one inch at Laguna Beach and Long Beach. A trace fell at San Diego, the only time since 1882. Three feet piled up at Mt. Laguna, 18 inches fell at Cuyamaca, and one foot at Julian, CA. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1950: A series of three major snowstorms with almost no break paralyzed much of Oregon. The snows were generally the heaviest in Oregon history. 224 inches of snow fell during the month at Timberline Lodge, OR. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1954: The coldest temperature ever recorded in Greenland of -87° was reported at Northice. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1970: The minimum temperature for the date is -4°F. in Washington, DC. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1973: Heavy ice storm in Atlanta Ga. for several days 25 million in damage. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1973: Heavy ice storm in Atlanta Ga. for several days 25 million in damage. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1976 - Lake effect snow squalls buried the town of Adams NY under 68 inches of snow. (David Ludlum) 1977: St. Cloud, MN recorded their coldest temperature ever with a reading of -43F at 8 AM. Between January 3-19, the low temperatures there dropped to -15 °F or lower on fourteen of the seventeen days! (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1978: Richmond had a 51 °F daily temperature range on this date which was the greatest daily range on record for not only January but for all months. The maximum was 64 °F and the minimum was 13 °F on this date in 1978. (Ref. Richmond Weather Records) 1987 - A winter storm spread heavy snow from the Central Plains into the Great Lakes Region. Heavier totals included 9 inches at Sun City KS, 7 inches at Columbia MO, 11 inches at Terre Haute IN, and up to 10 inches in the southern suburbs of Chicago IL. (National Weather Summary) ( Storm Data) 1988 - A storm in the northeastern U.S. produced ten inches of snow at Boston MA, and 14 inches at Worcester MA. A winter storm in the northwestern U.S. produced a foot of snow in three hours at McCall ID. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Strong winds prevailed along the eastern slopes of the Rockies in Colorado. Winds gusted to 113 mph at the Air Force Academy near Colorado Springs, and reached 115 mph at Boulder. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1990 - A third storm in four days hit the Pacific Northwest. Winds in Oregon gusted above 100 mph at Netarts and at Oceanside. Up to 8.16 inches of rain was reported around Seaside OR, and the total of 4.53 inches of rain at Astoria OR was a record for the date. Twelve cities in the western U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date. The high of 70 degrees at Cedar City UT was a record for January. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1992: Minneapolis, MN had its first view of the sun in 350 hours or equaling 14.5 days. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1993: 17.2 inches of snow fell in Topeka KS in twenty four hours. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1996: Sub-freezing temperatures severely damaged vegetable crops with losses estimated over $2 million dollars in Hillsborough and Lee counties; with minor damage to the citrus crop in Pasco County, Florida. Several tropical fish farms lost over 50% of their harvest with the estimated loss at $5.5 million dollars. Locations across Florida and the East that reported record low temperatures for the date included: Elkins, WV: -8°, Islip, NY: 14°-Tied, Inverness, FL: 18°, Weekiwachee, FL: 24°, Avon Park, FL: 25°, Lakeland, FL: 26°, Mountain Lake, FL: 26° -Tied, Parrish, FL: 28°, Sarasota-Bradenton, FL: 28°, Tarpon Springs, FL: 28° -Tied, Venice, FL: 30° -Tied and Punta Gorda, FL: 31°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1997: A powerful Alberta Clipper and a deep Arctic High brought widespread and prolonged blizzard conditions, heavy drifting snow, and dangerous wind chills of -40 °F to -80 °F from the Missouri Valley to the upper Midwest. Across South Dakota, north winds were from 30 to 50 mph gusting to 60 mph. The clipper dropped from 2 to 7 inches of snowfall on top of an already solid 2 to 5 foot snowpack. As with previous storms, most roads again became blocked by huge snowdrifts stranding hundreds of motorists. Some people were trapped in their homes up to several days as snowdrifts buried their homes and blocked the roads with some people having to crawl out their windows. In Wilmot, SD a 12 foot drift covered the community home, where residents had to turn the lights on during the day. As a result of snow removal budget depletions and other storm damages, President Clinton declared all of South Dakota a disaster area. Snow plows from Iowa, Nebraska, and plows and manpower from the South Dakota National Guard helped to break through hundreds of roads. The snowdrifts in some places were packed so hard and were measured at 300 pounds per square inch. The total damage estimate for this January blizzard and for the previous January winter storm was $50 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) Comair Flight 3272 crashed into a field near Ida, OH during a major snowstorm. All twenty-nine people aboard died. The cause of the crash: ice built-up on the wings of the EMB-120 aircraft. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 2015: The halo picture below was taken by Texan Joshua Thomas in Red River, New Mexico.

33 / 31 clear more upper 40s / low 50s today. Cloudy cooler / wet Saturday into Sunday with 0.5 tp 1 inch of rain mainly in the afternoon and into the lat evening. Overall a bit above normal Sun - Thu before trough digs in. Next storm threats between the 15 - 19 as it turns below normal.

First week of Jan Departures through the 7th LGA: -3.5 NYC: -2.3 JFK: -2.2 EWR: -1.6

Records: Highs: EWR: 70 (1998) NYC: 65 (1998) LGA: 64 (2008) JFK: 58 (1949) Lows: EWR: 3 (1970) NYC: 2 (1968) LGA: 3 (1968) JFK: 1 (1968) Historical: 1780: One of the coldest times in Washington history that froze all the waterways of the Middle Atlantic region including the Potomac River and most of the Chesapeake Bay. The cold started in Dec. 1779 and lasted through the first week in Feb. The coldest periods were Jan. 6-8, Jan. 13-16 and Jan. 19-29. On the northern part of the Bay, sleighs crossed from Annapolis to the Eastern Shore. To the south Norfolk, Hampton, Newport News and Portsmouth were connected by thick ice that supported foot traffic between ports. (p. 30 Washington Weather Book 2002 by Ambrose, Henry, Weiss) 1836"The Big Snow" dumped 4 to 5 feet of snow on parts of New York State. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1859: This is the only day that New York City’s temperature remained continuously below zero. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1913: Record cold gripped the areas from the Rockies to the West Coast. Death Valley National Park in California recorded a low of 15°, the coldest reading ever recorded in Death Valley. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1923: Los Angeles recorded its hottest January temperature ever with a reading of 90 degrees. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1937: Locations from the Rockies to the West Coast endured record cold. Nevada recorded its coldest temperature ever as San Jacinto dropped to -50°. (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1953 - A severe icestorm in the northeastern U.S. produced up to four inches of ice in Pennsylvania, and two to three inches in southeastern New York State. In southern New England the ice coated a layer of snow up to 20 inches deep. The storm resulted in 31 deaths and 2.5 million dollars damage. (David Ludlum) 1973 - A severe icestorm struck Atlanta GA. The storm paralyzed the city closing schools and businesses, and damage from the storm was estimated at 25 million dollars. One to four inches of ice coated northern Georgia leaving 300,000 persons without electricity for up to a week. Between 7 PM and 9 PM on the 7th, 2.27 inches (liquid content) of freezing rain, sleet and snow coated Atlanta, as the temperature hovered at 32 degrees. (7th-8th) (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1973: Georgia's worst ice storm since 1935 occurred from the 7th through the 8th. Freezing rain and sleet began during the early morning hours on Sunday the 7th and ended in most areas on Monday. Total damage was estimated at well over $25 million. The electric power companies suffered losses estimated at $5 million, and telephone companies had another $2 million in damages. Some schools were closed for more than a week. 1987 - A winter storm moving out of the Southern Rockies into the Central Plains Region produced 14 inches of snow at Red River NM, and 17 inches in the Wolf Creek ski area of Colorado. Wichita KS was blanketed with seven inches of snow. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - A winter storm spread heavy snow across the northeastern U.S., with up to ten inches reported in southern New Jersey. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Strong northwesterly winds and bitterly cold temperatures prevailed in the north central U.S. Winds in the Great Lakes Region gusted to 58 mph at Chicago IL, and reached 63 mph at Niagara Falls NY. Squalls in western New York State produced 20 inches of snow at Barnes Corners and Lowville. Snow squalls in Upper Michigan produced 26 inches around Keweenaw. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1990 - High winds plagued the northwestern U.S., with the state of Oregon hardest hit. Two persons were killed in Oregon, and nine others were injured, and the high winds downed fifty-five million board feet of timber, valued at more than twenty million dollars. Winds gusted to 90 mph near Pinehurst ID, and wind gusts reached 96 mph at Stevenson WA. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 2019: An unusual January tornado impacted Cortland, Ohio, during the mid-morning hours. The EF-1 tornado developed northeast of Champion Township in Trumbull County and moved east. The tornado brought down numerous trees and wires along the 4.5-mile path.

44 / 35 clearing. Warm today Upper 40s to low / mid 50s in the warmest spots and the warmest since Dec 19th for many. Clouds back Friday with rain later Saturday .75 to an inch later evening into the overnight. Continues above normal through the 14th as WC ridge builds pushing trough into Midwest / east later next week. Period to watch for storminess is 1/15 - 1/19 - track the key. Beyond there near normal / slightly below.

1/15 - 1/17

Records: Highs: EWR: 64 (2012) NYC: 64 (1907) LGA: 62 (2012) JFK: 61 (2012) Lows: EWR: 3 (2014) NYC: 4 (2014) LGA: 4 (2014) JFK: 4 (2018) Historical: 1821: On the 6th - 7th, A Nor'easter traveled from Charleston, SC to New England, leaving a band of deep snow stretching from Virginia to New Jersey. Winchester had eight inches of snow and Washington, DC , had 12 to 18 inches and Philadelphia had 18 inches. Temperatures fell to below zero in some areas after the storm. (Ref. Virginia Weather History) 1873 - A blizzard raged across the Great Plains. Many pioneers, unprepared for the cold and snow, perished in southwest Minnesota and northwestern Iowa. (David Ludlum) 1886: A great blizzard of the 6th & 7th strikes Kansas without warning, claiming 50 to 100 lives, and eighty percent of the cattle in the state.(Ref. Wx. Doctor) Florida suffered one of its worst freezes in history as a severe cold wave hit the South. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1887: Many locations endured record cold across the upper Midwest and Plains. Rochester, MN plunged to -42°, their all-time coldest temperature on record. Locations that reported daily record lows included: Bismarck, ND: -40°, Fargo, ND: -39°, Minneapolis, MN: -34°, Huron, SD: -30°, La Crosse, WI: -29°, Madison, WI: -29°, Moline, IL: -26°, Des Moines, IA: -24° and Chicago, IL: -15°. (Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1907: The maximum temperature for the date in Washington, DC is 76°F. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1912: Many locations endured record cold across the upper Midwest and Plains. Rochester, MN plunged to -42°, their all-time coldest temperature on record. Many locations from the Plains to the East Coast dealt with dangerous cold temperatures. Blair, WI plunged to -49°, their all-time coldest temperature on record. Medford, WI and Columbia, MO set January record lows with -40 °F and -20° respectively. Locations that reported daily record low temperatures included: Aberdeen, SD: -39°, Kennebec, SD: -37°, Duluth, MN: -36°, St. Cloud, MN: -35°, Huron, SD: -34°, La Crosse, WI: -34°, Mobridge, SD: -33°, Grand Forks, ND: -33°, Timber Lake, SD: -30°, Sioux Falls, SD: -30°, Norfolk, NE: -29°, Waterloo, IA: -27°, Sioux City, IA: -26°, Des Moines, IA: -25°, Rockford, IL: -20°, Springfield, IL: -19°, Burlington, VT: -19°, Dodge City, KS: -18°, Chicago, IL: -16°, Elkins, WV: -6°, Beckley, WV: -4°, Hartford, CT: 1°, Philadelphia, PA: 9°, Lynchburg, VA: 10°, Roanoke, VA: 10°, Austin, TX: 13°, Richmond, VA: 13 °F. Locations that reported daily record lows included: Bismarck, ND: -40 °F, Fargo, ND: -39 °F, Minneapolis, MN: -34°, Des Moines, IA: -24° and Chicago, IL: -15°.(Ref. Wilson - Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1913: The temperature dropped to 6 °F at Tucson AZ, setting the all time record low temperature for that city. (Extreme Weather p. 272, by Christopher C. Burt) 1971 - The temperature at Hawley Lake, located southeast of McNary, AZ, plunged to 40 degrees below zero to establish a state record. (The Weather Channel) 1987 - A storm in the southwestern U.S. produced 30 inches of snow north of Zion National Park in southern Utah, with 18 inches reported at Cedar Canyon UT. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - A winter storm in the southeastern U.S. produced 27 inches of snow in the Bad Creek area of South Carolina, and claimed the lives of two million chickens in Alabama. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - A tornado in southern Illinois obliterated half the community of Allendale, injuring fifty perons and causing more than five million dollars damage, while thunderstorm winds gusting higher than 100 mph caused ten million dollars damage at Franklin KY. Twenty-five cities, from the Gulf coast to Michigan, reported record high temperatures for the date. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1990 - A rapidly intensifying low pressure system and a vigorous cold front brought heavy rain and high winds to the Pacific Northwest. Two to five inches rains soaked western Washington and western Oregon, and winds gusting above 70 mph caused extensive damage. Wind gusts on Rattlesnake Ridge in Washington State reached 130 mph. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1992: An intense winter storm buried parts of the Rockies into the central Plains with severe storms across eastern Nebraska. 14.8 inches of snow was recorded at Stapleton International Airport in Denver, CO. Snowfall totals ranged from a few inches in the Foothills west of Denver to two feet on the east side of metro Denver. 22 inches of snow fell in southeast Aurora, CO. At times the snow fell at rates of 2 to 3 inches per hour. North winds blowing at 25 to 45 mph piled the snow into 4 to 8 foot drifts closing I-70 and I-25. To the north and east Cheyenne, WY reported 12.7 inches and Scottsbluff in the Nebraska panhandle reported 6.7 inches. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1994: A great ice storm began on this date extending into the next day. Low pressure formed east of Wyoming on the 5th, moved to the central Mississippi Valley on the 6th, reached eastern Kentucky during the morning on this date and redeveloped along the eastern Virginia coast on the morning of the 8th. A strong high pressure system remained nearly stationary over Ontario Province, Canada and continued to pump in cold air near the ground. This kept temperatures below freezing throughout this event resulting in one of the worst ice storms on record for southeastern Pennsylvania, northern Maryland and northern Delaware. The freezing rain started lightly during the morning glazing roadways. As the rain increased in intensity during the night, the accumulation of ice started to down tree limbs and power lines. Ice accumulations were a quarter to a half inch across most of southeastern Pennsylvania, but amounts reached up to an inch in the northwestern Philadelphia suburbs. While there were 5,000 customers without power in the Lehigh valley, the hardest hit area was around Philadelphia. Approximately 590,000 Philadelphia Electric Company (PECO) customers lost power. This represents about 40% of their customers and was the worst power outage in PECO's history, surpassing the 400,000 customers who lost power during the heavy wet snowstorm on 3/20/1958. Approximately 150,000 (of 232,000) customers lost power in Delaware County, 134,000 in Bucks County, 112,000 in Chester County, 105,000 in Montgomery County and 89,000 in Philadelphia County. As of the 9th, 123,000 customers still did not have power. Full power was not restored until the morning the 11th. There were literally thousands of ice-related vehicular accidents and described as "countless" number of personal injuries resulting from slipping on the ice. Miraculously no one was directly killed as a result of this ice storm. In addition to damage to electrical lines, the ice accumulation on fruit trees brought a significant amount of damage. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1998: One of the worst ice storms on record hits northern New England from Jan. 5th - 9th. 16 killed and 500,000 homes lose power as one to three inches of ice coats limbs and power lines. By the end of the storm, electrical service would be out across seventy percent of the state of Maine. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2002: A trace of snow fell in Washington, DC on the 6th and this date, their latest first snowfall of the winter recorded here previously was Christmas Day 1894. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008: A rare, EF3 tornado tracked across southeastern Wisconsin. Experiencing a tornado in Wisconsin in January is extremely rare. In fact, it had only happened once between 1950 and 2007, when an F3 tornado affected parts of Green and Rock Counties on January 24, 1967. That tornado in South Central Wisconsin was part of a much larger outbreak of 30 tornadoes across mostly Iowa, Illinois, and Missouri. Wisconsin ended up with 30 tornadoes in 1967. 2009: Western Washington: From the 6th to the 8th a Pineapple Express brings mild temperatures and torrential rain to the Pacific Northwest, melting snowpack from the previous month's record snowstorms and causing massive flooding, mudslides, and avalanches across the state of Washington. A number of precipitation records are set. Seattle receives a record 2.29 inches (58.2 mm) of rain at Sea-Tac Airport, and in Olympia a record 4.82 inches of rain falls. More than 30,000 people are encouraged to evacuate their homes due to flooding. Roads and railway connections are cut as highway officials close a 20-mile stretch of I-5 and Amtrak passenger service out of Seattle is suspended. Several cities declare a civil emergency. The Snoqualmie River at Carnation reached its highest recorded levels: 61.5 feet, (7.5 feet above flood stage) on January 7. The National Weather Service estimated damages at $125 million. (Ref. Wx. Doctor) Damaging downslope winds were responsible for triggering two wildfires that threatened the city of Boulder. Peak wind gusts ranged from 75 to 107 mph in and around the foothills of Boulder and nearby counties. The fires quickly torched 3,000 acres and forced the evacuation of 1,400 families. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2018: STARTing 2018 (JAN 1ST- 7TH) Richmond had the COLDEST AVG TEMPERATURE ON RECORD from the NWS in Wakefield. Richmond average temperature has been 17.8 degrees if you average every hourly observation. This is colder than the 21.1 degrees average for the previous coldest Jan. 1-7, which was in 1918. Jan 8, 2018 Although it's historically cold, it is colder than the coldest week in Richmond's recorded history. The coldest week on record is Feb. 9-15, 1899, the average temperature in Richmond was 11.4 degrees or 6.4 degrees colder! January the 8th the warmup begins headed to 70°F on Friday January 12th 2018. The average temperature for the first seven days of 2018 were the coldest on record for Richmond, Virginia back to 1897. The -3°F that the Richmond International Airport had on the morning of the 7th was the coldest since January 1985 when a -6°F was recorded.

38 / 36 warmup is upon us. Many to 50 today otherwise upper 40s. Same tomorrow and Friday with Saturday warm and wet perhaps an inch of rain Sat pm. Drier and still overall normal - above normal 1/11 - 1/15. Beyond there WC ridge - EC trough could yield storm tracking opportunities with track the key to yielding snow/ice vs rain. It does look to trend colder in the 10 days beyond 1/17. 1/7 - 1/15 : Overall warmer than normal 1/16 - 1/24 : Colder / WC ridge - EC trough - storm tracking 1/25 - Beyond : Perhaps moderation / near normal