SACRUS

Up to 76 but an area of clouds rolling through now more sunny

Records: Highs: EWR: 95 (1961) NYC: 94 (1961) LGA: 94 (1961) JFK: 91 (1981) Lows: EWR: 47 (1958) NYC: 46 (1917) LGA: 52 (1967) JFK: 46 (1967) Historical: 1775: The Independence Hurricane caught many fishing boats on the Grand Banks off Newfoundland Canada killing 4,000 seamen, most from Britain and Ireland. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1857: The SS Central America sinks during a hurricane, killing 425 lives. Fourteen tons of gold was aboard the ship as well. 1869: A hail storm between 1 and 3 AM broke windows and caused considerable damage to late vegetables at Madilia, MN in Watonwan County. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1882 - Hot and dry winds caused tree foliage in eastern Kansas to wither and crumble. (David Ludlum) 1921: The San Antonio River flooded, killing 51 people and causing millions of dollars in damages. The flood was caused by some of the heaviest rainfall ever recorded in Texas. A storm stalled over the town of Taylor and dumped an astounding 23.11 inches of rain on the area in less than a day. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1944: The destroyer USS Warrington was sunk by the Great Atlantic Hurricane 300 miles east of Cape Canaveral, FL. 247 men were lost in the tragedy. The hurricane would pass just east of the North Carolina Outer Banks and make landfall on the east end of Long Island, then pass into Rhode Island. The Great Atlantic hurricane was significant because it was the first storm in which forecasters had regular aircraft reconnaissance reports available. The success convinced the military of the value of reconnaissance and the program continued and evolved to what it is today. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1950: Hurricane Dog was the most intense hurricane in the 1950 Atlantic hurricane season. The fourth named storm of the season, Dog developed on August 30 to the east of Antigua; after passing through the northern Lesser Antilles, it turned to the north and intensified into a Category 5 hurricane. Dog reached its peak intensity with winds of 185 mph (300 km/h) over the open Atlantic and after weakening, it passed within 200 miles (320 km) of Cape Cod Hurricane Dog retains the record for longest continuous duration for a Category 5 Atlantic hurricane, although Hurricane Allen spent more total time as a Category 5. On September 4, Hurricane Dog was one of three simultaneous Atlantic hurricanes, along with Charlie and Easy. This is a rare occurrence in the Atlantic Ocean, and has only happened six times since 1950—in 1961, 1967, 1980, 1995, 1998, and most recently in 2010. This also occurred on August 31 with Baker, Charlie and Dog. Additionally, Dog remains one of only three Category 5 hurricanes in the historical database to avoid land—the others were Easy and Cleo, both of which also occurred in the 1950s. Why was it called the Dog Hurricane? Hurricane naming began back in 1950, when meteorologists wanted to give tropical storms and hurricanes an easy name to remember them by, instead of just plain "Hurricane Six" or "Tropical Storm 8b". So, in 1950, the National Hurricane Center named hurricanes from the World War 2 phonetic alphabet. Hurricanes that year were given names such as "Dog", "Barker", "Item", and "Jig". And yes, these names did sound a little funny, that is probably why they only used these names until 1952. In the Hurricane Season of 1953, they tried a different approach - giving the hurricanes human names. They started out just using female names, and this lasted over 25 years until in 1979, men's names were incorporated into the list. 1950: A hailstorm struck southern parts of Oklahoma City on this day. The storm damaged about 4,000 homes, 300 businesses, and 750 cars, resulting in a loss estimated at $987,000. 1960: Hurricane Donna hits the Boston, MA area. Winds were recorded to 140 mph at the Blue Hills Observatory at Milton, MA and 130 mph at Block Island, RI. Donna was the first hurricane to affect every point along the east coast from Key West, FL to Caribou, ME. (Ref. NOAA Boston Weather Events) 1963: President Kennedy gave his, “We choose to go to the moon” speech at Rice University. 1974: Another three inches of snow fell at Scottsbluff, NE bringing the early season snowfall total to 3.8 inches. Saratoga, WY received 4 inches of snow. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1977 - Thunderstorms deluged the Kansas City area with torrential rains in the early morning hours, and then again that evening. Some places were deluged with more than six inches of rain twice that day, with up to 18 inches of rain reported at Independence MO. Flooding claimed the lives of 25 persons. The Country Club Plaza area was hardest hit. 2000 vehicles had to be towed following the storm, 150 of which had to be pulled out of Brush Creek, which runs through the Plaza area. (The Kansas City Weather Almanac) 1979 - Hurricane Frederick smashed into the Mobile Bay area of Alabama packing 132 mph winds. Winds gusts to 145 mph were reported as the eye of the hurricane moved over Dauphin Island AL, just west of Mobile. Frederick produced a fifteen foot storm surge near the mouth of Mobile Bay. The hurricane was the costliest in U.S. history causing 2.3 billion dollars damage. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1986: 6 to 12 inches of rain in three days resulted in record flooding from Muskegon, MI to Saginaw, MI. The flooding was worsened by the collapse of several dams. 10 people were killed and damage estimates approached $500 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1987 - Showers and thunderstorms produced heavy rain which caused flooding in North Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia and Pennsylvania. Parts of Virginia received 3 to 4 inches of rain in just two hours early in the day. Later in the day, three to five inch rains deluged Cumberland County of south central Pennsylvania. Evening thunderstorms produced seven inches of rain at Marysville PA, most of which fell in three hours time. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - An afternoon tornado spawned a tornado which skipped across northern sections of Indianapolis IN damaging roofs and automobiles. It was the first tornado in central Indiana in September in nearly forty years of records. Hurricane Gilbert plowed across the island of Jamaica, and by the end of the day was headed for the Cayman Islands, packing winds of 125 mph. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Snow whitened the mountains and foothills of northeastern Colorado, with eight inches reported at Buckhorn Mountain, west of Fort Collins. Two to three inches fell around Denver, causing great havoc during the evening rush hour. Thunderstorms produced severe weather in the Southern Plains Region between mid afternoon and early the next morning. Thunderstorms produced hail three inches in diameter at Roswell NM, and wind gusts greater than 98 mph at Henryetta OK. Thunderstorms also produced torrential rains, with more than seven inches at Scotland TX, and more than six inches at Yukon OK. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1993: The high temperature in Fort Collins, CO was 94°. A strong cold front dropped the temperature overnight and by 10 a.m. the next morning, it was 33° with 3 inches of snow on the ground. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1997: Hurricane Linda became the strongest storm recorded in the eastern Pacific with winds estimated at 180 mph and gusts to 218 mph. For a time it threatened to come ashore in California as a tropical storm, but the storm turned away, impacting the region only with added moisture for showers and thunderstorms. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1999: Extremely dangerous Hurricane Floyd, a Category 4 storm with top winds of 145 mph, was making residents along the U.S. East Coast very nervous as it steamed steadily westward. The storm was 360 miles east of the Bahamas, causing hurricane warnings to be raised in the islands. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008: Hurricane Ike intensified from tropical storm to Category 3 status in less than nine hours on 3 September. A few days later, Ike crossed the Caribbean and waltzed across extreme western Cuba as a Cat 3. But Ike's peak winds never regained major-hurricane force. Instead, the system simply got bigger, eventually packing some of the largest radii of hurricane-force winds (125 miles) and tropical-storm force winds (275 miles) ever measured. This posed a major public communication challenge, as the vast swath of wind was expected to stir up a storm surge in the Galveston area far worse than people might presume from the storm's Category 2 rating. The worst of Ike's surge struck less-populated areas just east of Galveston Island on the night of 12-13 September, but the overall damage was still tremendous: more than $30 billion (in inflation-adjusted dollars, that's the third costliest U.S. hurricane on record). Much of Galveston and nearby coastal towns were left in shambles, and storm-surge damage extended well east into Louisiana. Ike resulted in 82 U.S. deaths--among the highest tolls in recent decades--and more than 200 people remain missing in the hurricane's aftermath. (Washington Post "Top Ten Weather Events of 2008") 2017: Cape Canaveral Air Force Station have to reopened on September 16th after IRMA of Cat 1 hurricane gave 75 MPH force winds from Hurricane Irma that lashed the Florida Space Coast on Sunday and Monday (Sept. 10/11) – forcing launch delays and leaving damaged and destroyed homes, buildings, infrastructure and launch viewing locations in its wake. Cape Canaveral Air Force Station military forces partially reopened certain critical runways soon after Irma swept by the space coast to assist in emergency recovery operations. The “Kennedy Space Center will resume normal operations Saturday, Sept. 16,” NASA announced. Irma Data 2018: Hurricane Florence was a powerful and long-lived Cape Verde hurricane, as well as the wettest tropical cyclone on record in the Carolinas and the ninth-wettest tropical cyclone to affect the contiguous United States. The sixth named storm, third hurricane, and the first major hurricane of the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season, Florence originated from a strong tropical wave that emerged off the west coast of Africa on August 30, 2018. Steady organization resulted in the formation of a tropical depression on the next day near Cape Verde. Progressing along a steady west-northwest trajectory, the system acquired tropical storm strength on September 1, and fluctuated in strength for several days over open ocean. An unexpected bout of rapid intensification ensued on September 4– 5, culminating with Florence becoming a Category 4 major hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale with estimated maximum sustained winds of 130 mph

64 / 56 another dry / warm day as we erode the early month below normal with a period of warmer than normal. Center ridge a bit east keeping the cut off / ULL away and the area dry through the week. Overall warmer period with max temps in the mid 80s in the warmest spots othwerwise upper 70s to low 80s.

Highs: PHL: 83 EWR: 82 New Brnswck: 82 TTN: 81 JFK: 80 ^ non intra hour highs ISP: 80 ^ no intra hour highs BLM: 80 TEB: 80 ACY: 80 NYC: 79 LGA: 78

83 / 49 here - a gorgeous day.

Quickly up to 72 here

Still wouldnt rule out a trend wetter/cloudier. The ridge looks poised to have a cutoff underneath in that period, seems to have some what closed off near the SE overnight forecasting.

Through the first 10 days Sep Dep LGA: -4.1 NYC: -3.4 JFK: -3.5 ISP: -2.3 EWR: -2.2

Records (9/11) Highs: EWR: 99 (1983) NYC: 99 (1983) LGA: 96 (1983) JFK: 96 (1983) Lows: EWR: 47 (1932) NYC: 43 (1917) LGA: 51 (1967) JFK: 49 (1967) Historical: 1900: The remnants of the Great Galveston Hurricane were located over central Iowa on this day. Eastern Nebraska, northwest Iowa, and southern Minnesota show four-plus inches of rain from this storm. 1942: A line of thunderstorms raced across Minnesota at 70 mph, destroying 651 barns in a 30 mile wide, 180 mile long path. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History). 1949 - An early snowstorm brought 7.5 inches to Helena MT. In Maine, a storm drenched New Brunswick with 8.05 inches of rain in 24 hours, a state record. (The Weather Channel) 1954: On September 10th and 11th Hurricane Edna crosses Cape Cod and give the Boston area a record 5.64 inches of rain in 24 hours. (Ref. NOAA Boston Weather Events) 1960: Hurricane Donna made landfall during the evening on the North Carolina coast near Wilmington. Winds gusted to 115 mph and the lowest pressure reported with this landfall was 958 mb. Donna would move offshore once again the next morning and regain strength as it stayed just offshore until hitting Long Island shortly afternoon on September 12 with winds of near 100 mph. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1961 - Very large and slow moving Hurricane Carla made landfall near Port Lavaca TX. Carla battered the central Texas coast with wind gusts to 175 mph, and up to 16 inches of rain, and spawned a vicious tornado which swept across Galveston Island killing eight persons. The hurricane claimed 45 lives, and caused 300 million dollars damage. The remnants of Carla produced heavy rain in the Lower Missouri Valley and southern sections of the Upper Great Lakes Region. (David Ludlum) (Storm Data) 1976 - Up to five inches of rain brought walls of water and millions of tons of debris into Bullhead City AZ via washes from elevations above 3000 feet. Flooding caused more than three million dollars damage. Chasms up to forty feet deep were cut across some roads. (The Weather Channel) 1984: (Not to be confused with Diane 1955 Mid Atlantic U.S) Hurricane Diana finally strikes North Carolina coast near Bald Head Island after drifting around the Cape Fear, NC area for two days. Diana made landfall as a category two hurricane, but just the day before, the hurricane had been a category four storm with a central pressure of 28.02 inches of mercury and maximum sustained winds of 135 mph. There were dire predictions of disaster from nervous emergency management officials. Fortunately, Diana stalled and wobbled away from land as it neared the Cape Fear area. Diana was the first significant hurricane to strike the North Carolina coast since Donna of 1960. As the eye passed over Southport, NC residents noted hearing crickets chirping in the calm. Three people died in North Carolina as a result of Diana, but damage was minimal. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1986 - Thunderstorms caused flash flooding and subsequent river flooding in central Lower Michigan. Up to 14 inches of rain fell in a 72 hour period, and flooding caused 400 million dollars damage. (Storm Data) 1987 - Late afternoon and evening thunderstorms produced large hail and damaging winds in Texas, and spawned three tornadoes. Thunderstorm winds gusted to 70 mph at Goodnight TX. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Snow blanketed parts of the Central Rocky Mountain Region and the Central Plateau, with ten inches reported at Mount Evans in Colorado. Smoke from forest fires in the northwestern U.S. reached Pennsylvania and New York State. Hurricane Gilbert, moving westward over the Carribean, was packing winds of 100 mph by the end of the day. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Nine cities in the north central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Havre MT with a reading of 23 degrees. Livingston MT and West Yellowstone MT tied for honors as the cold spot in the nation with morning lows of 17 degrees. Thunderstorms produced hail over the Sierra Nevada Range of California, with two inches reported on the ground near Donner Summit. The hail made roads very slick, resulting in a twenty car accident. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1998: An outbreak of 8 tornadoes occurred across southern Louisiana in conjunction with landfalling Tropical Storm Frances that was looping along the upper Texas coast. The only known fatality directly attributable to Frances was in Lafourche Parish, LA, where a man was killed when his trailer home was destroyed by a tornado. Six others were injured. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2001: Hurricane Erin was off the coast of New Jersey and New York on this day. 2002 Tropical Storm Gustav strengthened to a hurricane over the open waters south of New England. This is the latest date for the first hurricane of the season to develop for the Atlantic on record. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008: Hurricane Ike continued its march towards the upper Texas coast with 100 mph winds and a minimum central pressure of 945 millibars or 27.91 inches of mercury. Hurricane watches and warnings went up along the upper Texas coast into Louisiana. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2017: In the days leading up to the storm, more than 6.5 million Floridians were told to evacuate. In a calamitous northward sweep from the Everglades to the Florida Panhandle, a weakening but still monstrously powerful Hurricane Irma battered a string of cities on the state’s palm-fringed west coast Sunday before advancing toward Georgia and the Carolinas.Irma hits Florida on Sunday night the 10th. Irma data 2017: On Monday, a day after visiting lashing rains, surging tides and terrifying winds on nearly every corner of Florida, Irma unleashed flash flooding in three states and left a sweaty, disruptive legacy: no power for about 7 million people. Confronting a panorama of destruction stretching from coast to coast, with rescue efforts still in progress and a massive cleanup only beginning to gather pace, Florida and federal officials opted for frankness: It might take weeks for electricity to be fully restored. The storm’s direct death toll, mercifully, was not commensurate with Irma’s wrath. Authorities in Georgia on Monday reported three storm-related deaths, without providing details, and one person died in South Carolina. An electrocution was reported in central Florida — a grim hazard in flooding’s aftermath. Irma is being blamed for 34 deaths in the Caribbean before it hit Florida, according to the Associated Press. 2018: Hurricane Florence was a powerful and long-lived Cape Verde hurricane, as well as the wettest tropical cyclone on record in the Carolinas and the ninth-wettest tropical cyclone to affect the contiguous United States. The sixth named storm, third hurricane, and the first major hurricane of the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season, Florence originated from a strong tropical wave that emerged off the west coast of Africa on August 30, 2018. Steady organization resulted in the formation of a tropical depression on the next day near Cape Verde. Progressing along a steady west-northwest trajectory, the system acquired tropical storm strength on September 1, and fluctuated in strength for several days over open ocean. An unexpected bout of rapid intensification ensued on September 4– 5, culminating with Florence becoming a Category 4 major hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale with estimated maximum sustained winds of 130 mph.

60 / 58 clear. Warmer stretch upper 70s - low 80s perhaps a few of the hotter areas get into the mid 80s today and Sunday. Overall warmer period coming up - cut off ull now into the SE but persistent onshore flow will keep any stronger warmth west of the area. The period Mon - Thu still need be watched for rain with wetter forecasts still appearing, otherwise riding a dry stretch with near 80 and warmer lows vs normal.

Records: Highs: EWR: 98 (1983) NYC: 97 (1983) LGA: 95 (1983) JFK: 98 (1983) Lows: EWR: 44 (1938) NYC: 43 (1883) LGA: 50 (1978) JFK: 50 (1978) Historical: 1811: South Carolina was hit by a hurricane. The main highlight associated with the hurricane was a tornado that damaged downtown Charleston. 1900: South Dakota registered its maximum 24 hour precipitation record as 8.01 inches of rain fell at Elk Point, SD. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1910: Duluth had the shortest growing season ever with frost free days from June 14 to September 10 (87days.) Normally the frost-free season is 143 days. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1917: Duluth, MN saw its earliest freezing temperature reading with a record low of 31°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1919 - A hurricane struck the Florida Keys drowning more than 500 persons. (David Ludlum) 1944: Navy and Army Air Force B-24 Liberator planes flew into the "Great Atlantic Hurricane" from September 10th through the 15th. These were the first sanctioned military flights to obtain data on a hurricane. The data sent back was instrumental in helping hold the death toll from the destructive hurricane to 27 people. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1947: Downpour across the Iron Range - Hibbing, MN got 8.6 inches in three hours. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1960 - Hurricane Donna struck the Florida Keys, with winds gusting to 180 mph and a thirteen foot storm surge. The hurricane then moved north along the eastern coast of Florida and inundated Naples before moving out to sea. Hurricane Donna claimed fifty lives, injured 1800 others, and caused more than 300 million dollars damage. The Marathon/Tavernier area was almost completely destroyed, and in the Citrus Belt, most of the avacado crop was blown from the trees. Hurricane Donna wreaked havoc from Florida to Maine, with wind gusts to 100 mph along much of the coast. Hurricane Donna produced wind gusts to 121 mph at Charleston SC on the 11th, and wind gusts to 138 mph at Blue Hill Observatory MA on the 12th. The hurricane finally died over Maine two days later, producing more than five inches of rain over the state. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1960: The center of Hurricane Donna passed over the middle of the Florida Keys between 2, and 3 am on this day. Donna was a Category 5 hurricane over the Atlantic and a Category 4 at landfall. This storm caused the deaths of over 100 in Puerto Rico, 50 in the United States, and 63 in a jet crash. The plane crash occurred on August 29th as a French airliner was attempting to land at Dakar, Senegal during a “blinding rainstorm.” The storm was likely a tropical disturbance at the time of the crash. 1961: On September 10th, the Television Infrared Observation Satellite observed an area of thunderstorms west-southwest of the Cape Verde Islands, suggesting a possible tropical cyclone. This storm is the first large tropical cyclone to be discovered on satellite imagery and would eventually become Hurricane Esther. 1965: After ravaging the Florida Keys on the 8th, Hurricane Betsy slammed in Louisiana with sustained winds of 125 to 130 mph and a minimum central pressure near 948 millibars or 28.00 inches of mercury. Houma, LA reported a wind gust of 130 mph. There were as many as 76 deaths and thousands injured. The storm surge and flooding from torrential rains caused an enormous amount of damage making this the greatest insured property loss in the U.S. up to this time. Betsy is known as first billion dollar hurricane with damage exceeding $1.4 billion dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1969: Birmingham, AL dipped to 49°; their earliest recorded temperature under 50°. Other record low temperatures included: Atlanta, GA: 49°, Tupelo, MS: 50°, Chattanooga, TN: 50°-Tied, Montgomery, AL: 52°, Meridian, MS: 52°-Tied, Macon, GA: 52°-Tied and Tallahassee, FL: 54°. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1972: The Council Bluffs, Iowa area received wind damage and Shelby and Audobon Counties experienced a tornado. Rainfall totals in the three days from this date through the 12th were very impressive. Harlon, Iowa received 21 inches with 12.49 inches occurring on one day. Hundreds of families were left homeless from the flooding and losses of crops and buildings totaled nearly $20 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1976: Tropical Storm Kathleen moved northward from the Baja into the desert region of southern California; officially weakening to a depression just before crossing into the U.S. Yuma, AZ reported sustained winds of 57 mph, the highest on record associated with an eastern Pacific tropical cyclone in the southwestern U.S. A wall of water left a 700 foot wide, 40 feet deep gap at the Myer Creek Bridge on I-8 in Ocotillo, CA. The 4 to 6 foot high wall of water destroyed 70% of the homes. Daggett, CA received 2.28 inches of rain which was the greatest one day amount in recorded history. Overall, five people died and damage was estimated at $333 million dollars. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1985: Late season heat wave ends in DC with seven straight 90° days. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1987 - A late afternoon thunderstorm roared through Austin TX producing wind gusts to 81 mph, and 2.17 inches of rain in just sixty minutes. The high winds toppled six National Guard helicopters at the Robert Mueller Municipal Airport, and damaged or destroyed numerous other aircraft. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Cool air sweeping into the north central U.S. brought snow to some of the higher elevations of Montana. The town of Kings Hill, southeast of Great Falls, was blanketed with six inches of snow. Tropical Storm Gilbert strenghtened to a hurricane over the eastern Carribean. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Light snow fell in Montana overnight, with three inches reported at Fairfield. Billings MT reported a record low of 33 degrees. Unseasonably warm weather prevailed in the northeastern U.S., with record highs of 86 degrees at Caribou ME and 90 degrees at Burlington VT. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1998: Tropical Storm Frances made landfall near Matagorda Bay, TX, causing the worst coastal flooding and beach erosion since Hurricane Carla in 1961. The storm's heavy rains ended a drought in East Texas but caused severe river flooding in parts of Texas and Louisiana. The highest rainfall total noted was 21.10 inches at Terrytown in southeast Louisiana. A major disaster declaration was issued for Cameron, Jefferson, Lafourche, and Terrebonne parishes in Louisiana. 1999: Straight line winds caused extensive damage at the Ardmore Industrial Park in Carter County, two miles northeast of Gene Autry, OK where a gust of 102 mph was measured. One aircraft hangar was completely destroyed and several were damaged. Several aircraft were overturned and three were destroyed. Damage was estimated at $2 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008: Hurricane Ike emerged in the south-central Gulf of Mexico heading for the Texas coast with maximum sustained winds of 100 mph and a minimum central pressure of 27.91 inches of mercury. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2009: Honolulu, Hawaii: Honolulu reports a record-tying high temperature of 92°F. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2017: Hurricane Irma crossed the Florida Keys as a Category 4 storm. 2018: Hurricane Florence was a powerful and long-lived Cape Verde hurricane, as well as the wettest tropical cyclone on record in the Carolinas and the ninth-wettest tropical cyclone to affect the contiguous United States. The sixth named storm, third hurricane, and the first major hurricane of the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season, Florence originated from a strong tropical wave that emerged off the west coast of Africa on August 30, 2018. Steady organization resulted in the formation of a tropical depression on the next day near Cape Verde. Progressing along a steady west-northwest trajectory, the system acquired tropical storm strength on September 1, and fluctuated in strength for several days over open ocean. An unexpected bout of rapid intensification ensued on September 4– 5, culminating with Florence becoming a Category 4 major hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale with estimated maximum sustained winds of 130 mph

64 / 56 clouds and some areas of light showers drizzle. Clears out tomorrow - warms up upper 70s / low 80s through Sunday. Ridge over north with cutoff undercutting the ridge Mon - Tue clouds and some rain before flow comes around for an overall much warmer period with ridge into the northeast by the 9/16/17 and beyond.

76 today.

72 / 51 here ENW flow Clouds movement is fun to watch today low level ENE to SSW and higher clouds SW to NE

Ridge building down by mid month and beyond should even out a cooler first half of the month with a much warmer second half, still a tendency of onshore but flow should come around to N/S W over time progressing between the 15 - 18

Highs: EWR: 94 (1964) NYC: 94 (1915) LGA: 93 (2016) JFK: 93 (1959) Lows: EWR: 48 (1938) NYC: 48 (1883) LGA: 53 (1956) JFK: 51 (1986) Historical: 1775: The Independence Hurricane slammed into Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Many ships were sunk and buildings demolished. 4,000 people died in what is considered to be Canada's deadliest hurricane disaster. 1821: A tornadic outbreak affected the New England states of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont on this day. Five tornadoes reportedly touched down from this event. One storm in New Hampshire had a path width of a half mile and tracked an estimated 23 miles. This tornado killed at least six individuals, which could be the deadliest tornado in New Hampshire history. 1881: For the first time in 33 days, rain fell at Washington, DC. (Ref. for 33 day drought in 1881 ) 1889: A hurricane that formed east of the Antilles moved north and then northward toward New Jersey. The storm came within 150 miles of Atlantic City, NJ before becoming nearly stationary for 4 days. The storm, one of the greatest storms to affect the shore and ocean, then turned to the southwest toward Norfolk, VA, and dissipated. Atlantic City measured a gust to 100 mph on the 10th. At Philadelphia, PA, rain began on the 10th. This began a period of 12 consecutive days of measurable rain, with a final total of 3.70 inches. Another sudden and damaging storm surge hit Long Island, NY and the Jersey shore during the evening on the 10th, following the 1st surge that hit on the 8th. The storm was located south of Cape Cod and east of Norfolk, VA, when the surge moved in. 29 ships were sunk in the Delaware Bay, killing at least 31 sailors. Officially, 40 lives were lost attributed to this hurricane. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1919: 300 lives were lost mostly in ships near Key West, where winds were reported at 110 mph as a violent hurricane caused considerable damage. Brick structures had walls blown out and large vessels were torn from their moorings and blown on banks. A tornado destroyed six buildings and damaged 19, injuring six people at Goulds in Dade County. This hurricane killed hundreds more on its track to south Texas. The final death toll of over 600 was mostly in ships at seas. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1921 - A dying tropical depression unloaded 38.2 inches of rain upon the town of Thrall in southeastern Texas killing 224 persons. 36.4 inches fell in 18 hours. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1944 - The ""Great Atlantic Hurricane"" ravaged the east coast. The storm killed 22 persons and caused 63 million dollars damage in the Chesapeake Bay area, then besieged New England killing 390 persons and causing another 100 million dollars damage. (The Weather Channel) 1960: Extremely dangerous Category 4 Hurricane Donna was taking aim on the Florida Keys for the first of her four U.S. landfalls. On this date, Donnas’ winds peaked at 150 mph with a minimum central pressure of 934 millibars or 27.58 inches of mercury. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1964: Hurricane Dora, the first storm of hurricane intensity to cross into northeast Florida from the Atlantic in 80 years of record keeping, moved inland over St. Augustine early on the 10th. St. Augustine was in the eye of the storm and recorded a sea level pressure of 966 millibars or 28.52 inches of mercury. Dora produced sustained winds of around 100 mph, and abnormally high tides to almost all coastal points north of Daytona Beach. Highest sustained winds, from the southwest, and estimated at 125 mph were reported at St. Augustine. Sustained winds of 82 mph were recorded in Jacksonville, and this was the first time in Weather Bureau history that winds of full hurricane force have been observed in Jacksonville. Storm tides reached 12 feet at St. Augustine and ranged between 5 and l0 feet above normal north of Daytona Beach. High winds in the Jacksonville area caused a massive utilities failure. One death and 8 injuries were reported from Dora. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1965: Hurricane Betsy slammed into New Orleans on the evening of September 9, 1965. 110 mph winds and power failures were reported in New Orleans. The eye of the storm passed to the southwest of New Orleans on a northwesterly track. The northern and western eyewalls covered Southeast Louisiana and the New Orleans area from about 8 PM until 4 AM the next morning. In Thibodaux, winds of 130 mph to 140 mph were reported. The Baton Rouge weather bureau operated under auxiliary power, without telephone communication. 1971 - Hurricane Ginger formed, and remained a hurricane until the 5th of October. The 27 day life span was the longest of record for any hurricane in the North Atlantic Ocean. (The Weather Channel) 1976: Record rains that started on this day and ended on the 12th came from Tropical Storm Kathleen (called a 160+ year event by Meteorologists). 14.76 inches fell on south slopes of Mt. San Gorgonio, 10.13 inches at Mt. Laguna, 8 inches at Mt. San Jacinto, Over 4 inches in the Little San Bernardino Mountains, and 1.8 to 2.8 inches in the Coachella Valley. Deep Canyon (above La Quinta) recorded 2.96 inches in three hours on the 10th. Rainfall in the Santa Rosa Mountains above the Coachella Valley was called the “heaviest in recorded history.” Six were buried and killed in sand in Ocotillo. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1983: On this date through the 10th, strong winds blasted through east central South Dakota, leaving in its wake damaged crops, hundreds of downed trees, broken windows, damaged roofs and buildings, downed power poles, and damaged vehicles. Gusts of up to 75 mph in Huron moved a semi trailer one-half block into a truck. Standing crops of corn, beans, and sunflowers suffered extensive damage in many areas with losses up to 50% reported. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1986: An F-16 fighter jet had its windshield cracked by hail on its return to the Eagle Range Training Grounds near UT’s Great Salt Lake. A lightning bolt caused a hole 6 inches deep and 6 inches wide on a runway at the Salt Lake Int’l Airport. (Ref. Weather Guide Calendar with Phenomenal Weather Events 2011 Accord Pub. 2010, USA) 1987 - Thunderstorms produced severe weather in the central U.S. Thunderstorms in West Texas spawned four tornadoes in the vicinity of Lubbock, and produced baseball size hail and wind gusts to 81 mph at Ropesville. Thunderstorms produced hail two inches in diameter at Downs KS and Harvard NE, breaking car windows at Harvard. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Florence became a hurricane and headed for the Central Gulf Coast Region. Florence made landfall early the next morning, passing over New Orleans LA. Winds gusts to 80 mph were recorded at an oil rig south of the Chandeleur Islands. Wind gusts around New Orleans reached 61 mph. Total property damage from Florence was estimated at 2.5 million dollars. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - The first snow of the season began to whiten the mountains of Wyoming early in the morning, as for two days a moist and unusually cold storm system affected the state. By the morning of the 11th, a foot of snow covered the ground at Burgess Junction. Thunderstorms developing along a cold front crossing the Ohio Valley produced severe weather in Indiana during the late afternoon and early evening hours. Strong thunderstorm winds blew down a tent at Palestine injuring seven persons, and frequent lightning interrupted the Purdue and Miami of Ohio football game, clearing the stands. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1994: Glasgow, Montana: Temperature rises from 67°F at 5:02 AM to 97°F by 5:17 am. Heat burst is short-lived as temperature drops to 68°F by 5:40 AM the next morning. (Ref. WxDoctor) Hurricane John became extratropical in the north central Pacific Ocean, ending its 31-day life span as a tropical cyclone, the longest lived storm on record. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2004: Western and central New York was inundated by drenching rains as the remnants of hurricane Frances drifted north. Area-wide rainfall totaled 3 to 5 inches with the bulk of it falling in a 6 to 9 hour period from very late on this date into the next day. At least one person was killed. Across the border, heavy rains of close to 4 inches over southern Quebec Canada. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008: Nome, AK reached a high temperature of 62°, which tied the high temperature record for the date and represented the third day during the month that a high temperature record was either tied or broken. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2011: The remnants of Lee that was a very slow moving low pressure over Ohio has now been absorbed into the circulation a low over illinois and is expected to weaken through Saturday morning. The heavy rains over the Mid-Atlantic have diminished in coverage and are now limited to central and eastern Pennsylvania. Rainfall totals for VA- Colonial Beach 1.2 SSE 20.96, Woodbridge 0.5 SSW 16.20, Lorton 1.2 NE 15.09, Fort Belvoir/Davison AFB 13.77, Reston 2 N 11.45, Chantilly 2 ESE 10.18, Quantico MCAF 9.01, Copper Hill 6.2 S 8.89, Washington National 6.90, Richmond Byrd Field 6.06 Inches. (Ref. Rainfall Totals for 20 Other States - NWS Hydrometeorological Prediction Center Camp Springs, MD) Rich Hanauer lives in Furlong PA, between Philadelphia and Trenton NJ. Buckingham, PA (In this article) is just north of Philadelphia that had 24.71 inches of rain from Aug. 1st to today. (Ref. Newspaper Article from PA on flooding ) (Ref. Map of Rainfall Totals for VA from Sep. 5th to 9th) 2013: Historical rainfall occurred in northern Colorado from September 9 to September 16 and resulted in severe flash flooding along the northern Front Range of Colorado and subsequent river flooding downstream along the S 2017: Hurricane Irma was downgraded to a Category 3 storm shortly before noon Saturday after its maximum sustained winds weakened to 125 mph, but it was expected to strengthen before moving toward southwest Florida on Sunday. The National Hurricane Center said Irma was continuing to slam the north coast of Cuba Saturday but had weakened slightly. As of 2:00 p.m. EDT, the storm was located about 145 miles southeast of Key West, Fla.

61 / 53 clear. Clouds offshore inching NW over the day into tomorrow otherwise partly cloudy - sunny with NE flow keeping highs in the low - mid 70s. Some of the offshore rains may penetrate tomorrow with the euro the wettest. Clears out and warm up Thu to the upper 70s to low 80s. Overall drier / near normal through the 14th with an overall ridging warmer by the 15th and beyond.

Records: Highs: EWR: 96 (2023) NYC: 101 (1881) LGA: 96 (2023) JFK: 93 (1983) Lows: EWR: 49 (1984) NYC: 46 (1888) LGA: 53 (1984) JFK: 47 (1962) Historical: 1675: Boston, Massachusetts area has the second "Great Colonial Hurricane." (Ref. NOAA Boston Weather Events) 1769: Considered one of the worst storms of the Eighteenth century, this hurricane passed over Williamsburg, Virginia. 1881 - The temperature soared to 101 degrees at New York City, 102 degrees at Boston MA, and 104 degrees at Washington D.C. (David Ludlum) 1888 - Much of the Middle and Northern Atlantic Coast Region experienced freezing temperatures. Killer frosts resulted in a million dollars damage to crops in Maine. (David Ludlum) 1909 - Topeka, KS, was drenched with 8.08 inches of rain in 24 hours to establish a record for that location. (6th- 7th) (The Weather Channel) 1939: A Record heat prevailed across the Midwest. Locations recording their hottest September temperatures included Rockford, IL: 103°, New Hampton, IA: 101° and Lancaster, WI: 100°. Prairie du Chien, WI tied for Wisconsin's highest September temperature with 104°. Other record highs included: Waterloo, IA: 102°, Columbia, MO: 102°, Kansas City, MO: 102°, Des Moines, IA: 101°, St. Louis, MO: 101°, Peoria, IL: 101°-Tied, Chicago, IL: 100 °F. (Ref. Many Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1949: Santa Ana, CA began with a record low of 51° then quickly warmed to a record high temperature of 105°. Other record highs for the date across the Southland included: Escondido, CA: 106°, Downtown Los Angeles, CA: 103°, Long Beach, CA: 101° and San Diego, CA: 92°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1954: The highest temperature ever recorded for the Richmond International Airport in September was 103 °F (Ref. Richmond Weather Records - KRIC) 1962: Billings, MT recorded their earliest measurable snowfall with two inches, followed by 4.3 more inches the next day. Red Lodge, MT received 15 inches from this day through the 8th. Columbus, MT received four inches and Livingston, MT received one inch. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1970 - A lightning bolt struck a group of football players at Gibbs High School in Saint Petersburg FL, killing two persons and injuring 22 others. All the thirty-eight players and four coaches were knocked off their feet. (The Weather Channel) 1987 - Showers and thunderstorms produced 4 to 8 inch rains in three to six hours in Virginia, with totals across the state for the Labor Day weekend ranging up to fourteen inches. The Staunton River crested at 34.44 feet at Altavista on the 8th, its highest level since 1940. Damage due to flooding was estimated at seven million dollars around Bedford, Henry, and Franklin. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Fifty cities across the eastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date. The low of 56 degrees at Mobile AL was their coolest reading of record for so early in the season. The mercury dipped to 31 degrees at Athens OH, and to 30 degrees at Thomas WV. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Thunderstorms in the central U.S. produced four inches of rain at Texamah overnight, and up to six inches of rain in southwestern Iowa. Evening thunderstorms in eastern Colorado produced golf ball size hail at Clear Creek and at Nederland. Late evening thunderstorms in Iowa drenched Harlan with more than four inches of rain. (The National Weather Summary) 1998: Two Derechos occurred on this day with one affecting most of Pennsylvania and New York City, the other impacting central New York. 2003: Seattle-Tacoma, Washington: A string of 61 consecutive days with temperature 70°F or above ends. The previous run had been 49 days in 1958. (Ref. WxDoctor)

73 here for a highs. Clearing out a bit now as front clears Dew piint to 54

Highs (9/6) EWR: 90 PHL: 90 TEB: 89 New Brnswck: 89 ACY: 88 TTN: 88 BLM: 87.1 LGA: 86 NYC: 86 ISPL 82 JFK: 81

Highs (9/6) EWR: 90 PHL: 90 TEB: 89 New Brnswck: 89 ACY: 88 TTN: 88 BLM: 87.1 LGA: 86 NYC: 86 ISPL 82 JFK: 81

Records: Highs: EWR: 98 (2018) NYC: 97 (1881) LGA: 96 (2018) JFK: 93 (2023) Lows: EWR: 48 (1938) NYC: 48 (1924) LGA: 53 (1988) JFK: 52 (1963) Historical: 1667: The “dreadful hurricane of 1667” is considered one of the most severe hurricanes ever to strike Virginia. On the first, this same storm was reported in the Lesser Antilles. The hurricane devastated St. Christopher as no other storm had done before. The "great storm" went on to strike the northern Outer Banks of North Carolina and southeastern Virginia. Area crops (including corn and tobacco) were beaten into the ground. 1776: Called the Pointe-à-Pitre hurricane, this storm is one of the deadliest Atlantic hurricanes on record. While the intensity and complete track are unknown, this storm struck Guadeloupe on this day, killing 6,000. 1881 - Forest fires in Michigan and Ontario resulted in 'Yellow Day' in the northeastern U.S. Twenty villages in Michigan burned, and a total of 500 persons were killed. Fires caused 2.3 million dollars in losses near Lake Huron. Candles were needed at the noon hour. (David Ludlum) 1881: Forest fires in “The Thumb” of Michigan and Ontario resulted in “Yellow Day” over the New England states. Twenty villages and over a million acres burned in Michigan. The smoke from these fires caused the sky to appear yellow over several New England cities. Twilight appeared at noon on this day. 1929 - Iowa's earliest snow of record occurred as a few flakes were noted at 9 AM at Alton. (The Weather Channel) 1933: The remnant low of the Treasure Coast Hurricane dumped 10.33" of rain in Charleston, which is the second-highest 24-hour rainfall total on record for the downtown station. The storm produced wind gusts of 51 mph and also spawned a tornado near the city. 1987 - Thunderstorms produced more than seven inches of rain in Georgia. Four persons drowned, and two others suffered injury, as three couples attempted to cross Mills Stone Creek at Echols Mill in their automobile. Smoke from forest fires in California and Oregon spread across Utah into western Colorado. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Unseasonably cool weather prevailed across the north central and northeastern U.S. Thirty cities reported record low temperatures for the date, including Saint Joseph MO with a reading of 38 degrees. A low of 44 degrees at Indianapolis IN was their coolest reading of record for so early in the season. The mercury dipped to 31 degrees at Hibbing MN and Philips WI. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - An early afternoon thunderstorm produced wind gusts to 104 mph at Winterhaven, FL, flipping over four airplanes, and damaging five others. The high winds also damaged a hangar and three other buildings. A cold front produced strong winds and blowing dust in the Northern High Plains, with gusts to 54 mph reported at Buffalo SD. Powerful Hurricane Gabrielle and strong easterly winds combined to create waves up to ten feet high along the southern half of the Atlantic coast. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 2003: Hurricane Isabel was first named on September 6th, 2003. It would reach Category 5 status and eventually make landfall in North Carolina as a Category 2. 2017: Category 5 Hurricane Irma affected the US Virgin Island and Puerto Rico. Maximum sustained winds were at 180 mph when the storm hit St. Thomas & St. John. Catastrophic damage was reported over the US Virgin Island & significant damage over Puerto Rico, especially over Culebra.

86 / 70 clouds pushing east - race to 90 in the hottest spots. Onshore flow this week keeps it near normal, overall warmer by nexy weekend / mid month and beyond. https://cdn.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/GOES19/ABI/SECTOR/eus/02/GOES19-EUS-02-1000x1000.gif