csnavywx

Another paper that might become relevant this coming year: https://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo760

I would imagine we get more of a downward "push" from the incoming -IOD and -ENSO episode helping amplify each other over the next 3-6 months. As mentioned in the ENSO thread last week, seasonal climate models are hinting at a favorable NPac pattern for the development of Nino the following year. Source: https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/16/16/1520-0442_2003_016_2668_tsfmit_2.0.co_2.xml

The Southwest Monsoon has been on fire this year with stronger than usual upwelling in the Arabian Sea. Combined with recent trades, we actually have a nice incipient -IOD pattern setting up, which should help boost our Nina into the winter months. This winter looking interesting from the standpoint of the Pacific pattern on the seasonals: Looks encouraging for increased cross-polar flow, PV favoring our hemisphere and a typical Nina gradient-pattern. This MSLP pattern is also pretty favorable for a follow-on reduction of the trades, which may line up nicely when the developing -IOD terminates: https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/16/16/1520-0442_2003_016_2668_tsfmit_2.0.co_2.xml

Yep. Pretty unremarkable melt season weather-wise. Area and volume significantly lower, but not exceptional or anything. Beaufort took quite a long time to melt out this year, closer to 2013's melt season, and there's still an intact arm into the ESS -- whereas the CAB itself is actually record low on area. The easy to melt stuff is long gone and a transition towards Atlantic-side dominance may yet take some more time.

A more in depth look at the issue available here (as a review of the book "The Price is Wrong"): https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=14174&context=mlr The book itself is a good read.

Full disclosure as I'm long FSLR stock and ICLN etf shares as of a couple of months ago, but it's suffered on an important metric that doesn't ever seem to be discussed: profitability. For better or worse live and breathe in a market system, where component cost is only one part of the equation and the considerable firming costs get downplayed (esp. at high penetration, at low pen. they're negligible). There is no OPEC for RE and the oft cited negative power prices are a symptom of high volatility, something that's never good for bottom lines in a commodity space. If you rushed to buy in '21 during the initial wave of optimism without careful consideration of the downsides, you got rinsed for 70%+ of your investment. The recent growth in PV+BESS is encouraging and I think the equity side has been pounded enough that it's a decent buy for LT positions, but we're going to have to spend a lot of cash upgrading the grid to handle this as well and that cost isn't going to be cheap, esp. at today's interest rates. If we're not honest about that up front, then well... the political backlash will be even worse than we've seen so far. I agree this should have been 10 years ago -- I think rebound and network effects along with struggling profitability are going to result in it the transition moving slower than it otherwise could have. It still needs subsidies to fill the gap. Some companies are better than others, ofc.

Yep, it's later than you might think and that's due to high variance. It's even later over the high/central Plains. However, I don't think anybody should take solace in that: https://tamino.wordpress.com/2025/07/06/heat-wave-hotspots/ The fact that we're heading back into an environment where years like the '30s Dust Bowl heat can happen again with much shorter return periods should be a cause for concern. The '30s wasn't without anthropogenic influence, but arguing that the current trajectory isn't that big of a deal because of high past variance is also arguing for high climate sensitivity (at least regionally). We're focusing on the floods this year, but we could just as easily be in a Nina-enhanced drought next year. The higher VPD makes volatility increase over time.

This particular subject was covered in some depth by Mora et. al in 2013: https://cities-today.com/new-study-predicts-when-climate-change-will-irreversibly-hit-your-city/?utm_source=chatgpt.com Transient climate responses and regional effects will ofc hasten or slow the date. Don't mistake large mid-latitude variability and transient responses for anything other than chance. One day the dice will not land as favorably. Note that this map is RCP 8.5 and running CMIP5. We are below that run in terms of CO2 concentrations, but very near it in terms of total radiative forcing (due to a number of factors) and CMIP6 is running pretty close to reality nowadays.

12.7K strikes on the cluster W of DC in the past 20m. Several short-term peaks of 500-600 strikes/minute.

I'll raise you double. 2012 summers will be the norm by 2040 (maintaining CONUS trend) -- and I'd wager malaria deaths were a huge problem and co-morbidity with that heat in the South. AC no doubt was a big alleviant and enabled huge strides here and in other places (like Singapore), but swamp draining and mosquito/disease control were just as important on the death end (from 1880-1950). The ultimate limiter on outdoor activity in the future will be wet bulb temps and in terms of agricultural productivity (measured in total factor productivity) will be in absolute temps. Not much in the way of crops or tree cover survives a +8-10C anomaly summer. I wrote a big thread on this on X/Twitter recently. Some of it is reasoned speculation (and should be treated as such) and others are much more rooted in predictable trends. https://x.com/wxchris3/status/1941919707960926262 I know the hay that gets made over the 30s-50s and people like to really point at those -- but it's a bit rich to pretend like our agricultural practices didn't contribute to that and that we didn't vastly improve in both tech and wisdom from that point. The risk is that the underlying trend can and will undo that work.

Yep. We're basically there now and the probability of it striking in any given summer has risen sharply. Going through SSP5 8.5 runs can give a feel for how bad it could get in 10-30y. For instance, it has summers occasionally far exceeding anything in the 1930s and 2012 by the *middle of next decade*. A few notes on that statement: While CO2 emissions are below 8.5 runs, radiative forcing and net energy imbalance is actually currently considerably *above* the 8.5 ensemble, mainly due to non-CO2 forcing being considerably above expectations -- and ECS/TCR might end up being on the hot side due to cloud feedback trends (detected by CERES). The most obvious brakes to this would be near term non-CO2 forcing slowdown, smoke aerosols (from extensive boreal burning -- seeing some of this already) and a weakening AMOC via differential hemispheric heating and a SMOC reversal (this too, may be in the early stages of happening). Regional trends are always a bear because transient climate responses can destructively or constructively interfere with the background trend and each other. A good example of this recently has been northern CONUS cooling in Feb-May due to a downstream response from rapid NPac cooling and cooling over the Corn Belt and adjacent areas from extensive evapotranspiration in Jun-Aug that has exchanged increased humidity for lower summer temps. These are transient responses -- and could and probably will unravel as the NHem temp response increases. Perhaps more importantly, one striking feature in future runs is the ever-present ability of intra-seasonal and intra-annual forcing to temporarily overwhelm and unravel those transient responses and result in an explosive, high volatility move that seems to come from nowhere and create conditions that seem to detach completely from the existing probability curve. The damping is removed and, like a coiled spring, the "true PDF" is revealed. These will tend to cause the most damage because of their inherent year-to-year unpredictability. A CMIP-6 run shows an example what that might look like (July 1936 and July 2012 are thrown in for good measure here): Far more extreme events in general start to occur as the NHem circulation is disrupted by the permanent collapse of summer sea ice in the late '30s-40s and by the time we hit 2050 we open up "lights out" events where temps and precipitation could destroy the existing plant stock and most of those year's crops. Events so intense and long that we could see our first "year without a winter".

Don't worry. Where we're going, the '30s-'50s dryland heat waves will look like a walk in the park. 2012 was the early warning shot. (Take the following as an example of *what could happen*):

Finally getting some cooling in the past couple of months after that record run for 2 years. CERES 12-month rolling average appears to have bottomed in Nov (March numbers are coming back up and it should recover more substantially when May numbers are out). Temp tends to lag this by quite a bit (up to a year) and cool ENSO could also help throw a lid on things through Q1/Q2 next year, but after that, we're free to start heading back up again barring (yet another) cool-neutral or Nina year. These next couple of years may see us slide under the 1.5 threshold (on all datasets) for the last time. I get the feeling we won't be seeing it again after the next spike, though.

Btw, I think the unusual convective behavior last night was in part due to the extreme (and highly stratified) Bay water temps imparting a lot of latent and sensible heat flux to the atmosphere when that back door cold front and aggregate outflow came in to help trigger it after sunset (along with some radiative cooling at the anvil level post sunset). Bay temps at 1.5m were running at 86-90F and probably quite a bit hotter in the top 1-2 ft. Storms did their job last night and temps are back down to 82-83F today.

The sensor is "in-spec". But it does tend to run 1-2 degrees warmer than it should and about a degree too soft on dewpoints. (This is with me various handhelds against the main ASOS sensor). But it's closer than I initially thought when I started to suspect it was too warm. It was at least 102-103 here on Wednesday. A few factors that helped: Evapotranspiration effects here tend to peter out faster than nearby stations because of lower tree cover and a lot of grass that tends to cure and brown quickly under very hot and dry conditions. That happened in just 3 days here this week. Note that during the peak temp, dewpoints dropped rapidly, indicating drier air from aloft mixing down as sensible heat flux increased relative to latent heat. There was no gradient flow and nearly perfectly barotropic conditions with a lot of subsidence and very strong vertical mixing. This prevented a sea breeze from properly forming on time and heavily stratified the surrounding waters. I was in that water in Pt. Lookout on Monday and the top layer was easily 10F+ warmer than 1-2m down. Lack of any appreciable mixing meant that the skin temp of the water surface was very hot and that helped disrupt/delay a sea breeze circulation in this locale.