Roger Smith

-0.5 _ -0.4 _ -0.2 ___ -0.7 _ -0.5 _ +1.0 ___ +1.0 _ +0.5 _ +0.2 (tried to message Scotty L, his in-box must be full, did send a reminder to wxdude64, hope it all works out _ otherwise, thanks for your entries)

Just a heads up for NYC crew who enter the temperature forecast contest, the long weekend approaching will pose a challenge for getting in before the deadline, so post your forecast before you start to enjoy the three or four day weekend.

Final Scoring for June 2022 FORECASTER __________DCA_NYC_BOS__east__ORD_ATL_IAH__cent _c/e__DEN_PHX_SEA__west__TOTALS Roger Smith ____________ 80 _ 80 _100__260 __ 62 _ 64 _ 82 __ 208__ 468 _ 70 _88 _ 92 __ 250 ___ 718 wxallannj ________________70 _ 60 _ 66 __ 196 __ 78 _ 60 _ 62 __ 200__ 396 _100_ 84 _ 92 __276 ___ 672 hudsonvalley21 _________ 82 _ 76 _ 94 __ 252 __ 70 _ 44 _ 40 __ 154 __ 406 _ 86 _ 92 _ 82 __ 260 ___ 666 ___ Consensus __________ 72 _ 66 _ 78 __ 216 __ 76 _ 60 _ 50 __ 186__ 402 _ 86 _ 88 _ 78 __ 252 ___ 654 Scotty Lightning ________ 74 _ 68 _ 78 __ 220 __ 88 _ 66 _ 66 __ 220__ 440 _ 80 _ 64 _ 62 __ 206 ___ 646 BKViking ________________ 70 _ 68 _ 76 __ 214 __ 82 _ 56 _ 46 __ 184__ 398 _ 96 _ 80 _ 58 __ 234 ___ 632 RJay _______ (-1%) ______ 73*_ 67*_ 77*__ 217 __ 48 _ 55*_65*__ 168__ 385 _ 89*_ 93*_61*__ 243 ___ 628 RodneyS ________________ 72 _ 66 _100__ 238 __ 30 _ 64 _ 54 __ 148__ 386 _ 72 _ 72 _ 82 __ 226 ___ 612 wxdude64 ______________ 50 _ 42 _ 62 __ 154 __ 86 _ 66 _ 56 __ 208 __ 362 _ 92 _ 96 _ 58 __ 246 ___ 608 DonSutherland1 _________88 _ 74 _ 82 __ 244 __ 52 _ 38 _ 34 __ 124__ 368 _ 64 _ 84 _ 88 __ 236 ___ 606 so_whats_happening ____52 _ 50 _ 66 __ 168 __ 80 _ 58 _ 42 __ 180__ 348 _ 86 _ 92 _ 74 __ 252 ___ 600 ___ Normal ______________ 94 _ 88 _ 98 _ 280 __ 68 _ 36 _ 26 __ 130 __ 410 _ 60 _ 44 _ 82 __ 186 ___ 596 Tom _____________________ 72 _ 64 _ 80 __ 216 __ 72 _ 54 _ 36 __ 162__ 378 _ 70 _ 58 _ 86 __ 214 ___ 592 Stormchaser Chuck! ____ 30 _ 24 _ 50 __ 104 __ 98 _ 76 _ 36 __ 210__ 314 _ 74 _ 92 _ 40 __ 206 ___ 520 ____________________________________________ Extreme forecasts DCA (-0.3) is a win for coldest forecast (Don S) at +0.3 and also for Normal. NYC and BOS are wins for coldest forecasts, Roger Smith for both (+0.4, -0.1) and tied with RodneyS (-0.1) for BOS, (and Normal for NYC). ORD (+1.6) and ATL (+3.2) are wins for hottest forecasts (StormchaserChuck +1.5, +2.0), and IAH (+3.7) also (Roger Smith +2.8) DEN (+2.0) cooled off near the end and fell out of the extreme forecast category with the highest score going to third highest forecast. PHX (+2.8) also slipped below the necessary outcome for an extreme forecast and high score also went to the third highest forecast. SEA (-0.9) is a shared win for wxallannj and Roger Smith with coldest forecasts (-0.5). ========================================

Predict the temperature anomalies relative to 1991-2020 averages for DCA _ NYC _ BOS __ ORD _ ATL _ IAH __ DEN _ PHX _ SEA Will be sending out reminders as I see the timing of the July 4th weekend is posing a danger of very late entries that I don't want to have to penalize. Reminders on the 29th so if you want to save me some effort, enter by 28th you can always edit your entry on the 30th. I don't actually take down the forecasts until the 1st. And happy fourth of July.

Year overall has some similarity to 1918, cold January, rather mild February, mild March, warm spells in April-May, June up and down ... so the rest of the way it was transitional to hot in Juily, very hot in August (especially first half), much more variable in September, and relatively warm rest of the year, with a generally mild winter 1918-19. See any parallels, Chuck? or anyone? (it was near a solar peak although not a really strong one, don't know how it stacked up for SOI).

Yes, for NYC, September had the hottest day in 1953 (2nd 102F), 1881 (7th 101F), 1929 (3rd, 99F), 1983 (11th, 99F), 1931 (11th, 99F, tied with 7th Aug), 1895 (23rd 97F), 2015 (8th 97F), 1921 (3rd 96F), 1932 (2nd 96F), 1914 (22nd 95F, tied with 27th May), 1915 (9th, 94F), 1897 (10th 93F tied with 6th July), 1970 (22nd 94F), 2014 (2nd 92F), also 1927 (15th 92F tied with four other days all in July, and it was also 90F on Oct 2nd 1927), and 1884 (91F 8th and 9th tied with 21st June and 20th Aug). So that was 16 of 153 years so far with at least a tie of the summer maximum in September. I listed them in order of their temperatures. The latest date was the 23rd in 1895, that year had a four-day heat wave May 31 to June 3 with 96F highs. This year NYC hit 93F on May 31, the second hottest reading since that record value from 1895 was tied in 1939. It was 94F in 1987 and that year's eventual maximum was 97F from the previous day (May 30th).

Since the subject came up, in terms of all-time records valid now for NYC 1869-2022, the shortest turnaround times between primary records (high max, low min) appear to be these: 3 days _ 80F Oct 20 1969 to 32F Oct 23 1969 (and 31F 24th) _ 5" snow in Toronto on Oct 22nd during that transition. 3 days _ 25F Apr 9 1977 to 90F Apr 12 1977 ... a similar event took place the previous year, but 25F on Apr 12 was not a record low, while 91F on Apr 17th was broken in 2002, 96F and 92F the next two days remain records. 4 days _ 96F June 23-24 1888 (both records) to 54F, 52F June 28, 29 (both record lows) 4 days _ 89F May 13 1956 (and high min 69F) to 39F May 17 1956 __ double transition in 1890 __ (see 1967 below, similar sequence a bit later in March-April) 5, 9 days _ 67 F Feb 27 1890 to 7F Mar 7 1890 (nine days) then back to 71F in five days Mar 12 1890 5 days _ 76F Mar 23 1923 to 13F Mar 28 (and 10F Mar 29) 1923 (also record lows 31st, Apr 1st) 5 days _ 39F Oct 7 1954 to 86F Oct 12 (also record high minima Oct 1-3 for a four-day initial downward plunge before the five day rise) ... this all followed by Hurricane Hazel Oct 15 1954. 6 days _ 27F Nov 6 1879 to 76F Nov 12 1879 (at the time three consecutive record lows all still valid, followed in six days by four record highs, the last three have all since been broken) 6 days _ 96F May 27 1880 (third consecutive daily high) to 48F June 2 1880 6 days _ 99F June 25 1943 to 52F July 1 1943. ___ This had been a four day transition from 98F on 27th which lost its record standing in 1966 (101F). 7 days _ 88F Sep 28 1881 to 35F Oct 5 (87F Oct 1 had been a record at the time, broken in 1927 88F, so this had also been a four day transition -- Oct 1 1881 still holds the high minimum record of 72F ... there was another record low of 36F on Oct 6 then a temporary record high on Oct 8th (80F) which lasted until 1916 (84F)). 7 days _ 95F Sep 22 1914 to 42F Sep 29 1914. Another record high 83F Oct 11th later broken by 1949 (85F). 7 days _ 101F July 18 1953 to 57F July 25 1953. (July 17th 100F also a record high) 8 days _ 91F Oct 10 1939 to 35F Oct 18 1939 8 days _ 51F June 13 1953 to 97F June 21 1953. (June 20 also 97, not a record though) 10 days _ 41F May 25 1925 to 99F June 4, 1925 (94F June 3 was one short of 1895 record) 10 days _ 98F Aug 10 1949 to 55F Aug 20 1949 _ 11th was 99F but that was not a record (102F in 1944). -------------- There are also some short transitions that involve secondary records (involving high min or low max sometimes with primary records, sometimes with each other). The shortest interval applies to Mar 8 to 10 1987 which went from record high max (76F 8th) to record low max (28F 10th). Another rapid change in three days, was from low max 62F June 22, 1952 to high max 99F June 25. The sequence there was 64, 62, 64, 85, 99, 100. Mar 3 2009 had a low max of 26F and Mar 7 had a high min of 51F. The min (12F) to max (70F) differential was impressive but neither were date records. May 12, 1881 (93F) still a valid high max was followed by two record low maxima within five days (52F 17th, 53F 18th). A similar occurrence happened in the autumn of that year, as noted in the first listing of records since it qualified there also. In July 2013, record high minima of 81F, 83F July 18-19 were followed by a record low max of 68F on July 25th. More recently, record low maxima of 51F on May 29-30 2021 were quickly followed by a high minimum of 76F on June 7 (June 6 also 76F but not a record). This was very similar to 1945 when a long string of record low max and min ending June 5th was followed by a record high minimum of 76F on the 15th and maxima of 92 to 93 each day 14th to 18th. A low max of 61F on June 7th 1891 was followed by two record highs (still valid) of 96F, 97F on 15th and 16th. A faster transition from max of 56F on June 6, 1894 to temporary record 90F on the 11th looks less impressive now that the eventual high maximum was 95F in 1973. Two readings of 99F (June 30, July 1, 1964), only the first a record, were followed within eight days by a record low maximum of 63F on July 9th. No record cold was involved but there were fast transitions from very cold to very warm weather in Feb 1930, and from very warm to cold in Feb 1946, both cases had record highs but not record lows. In Feb 1930, Feb 16-17 was quite cold (20F, 7F and 26F, 7F) then by Feb 19th it was 57F, and 20th 69F (still a record), followed by more record warmth including 75F on Feb 25th. In 1946, on the other hand, it went from a record high of 63F on Feb 14th to a reading of 14F around midnight 15th-16th then back up to 55F by the 17th. That was all followed by quite a warm March so the warm signal won out there. The temperature drop on Nov 12-13 1911 is remembered as being one of the largest, taking a plunge from a high of 69F to a low of 26F, the highs were 69, 33. Only the cold value is a low maximum record though. A record high of 67F on Dec 14, 1881 was followed within two days by a high of only 29F and low of 18F (not records but quite a drop). One of the fastest warmups came in late December 1875. Lows of 2F and 1F on 19th and 20th, neither quite records within the "starter era" with -1 and -3 in 1884 on those dates, were followed by record highs of 59F on 22nd (later broken) and 64F on 23rd (also later broken). It then stayed very mild through January 1876 after what had been persistent record cold in late November and parts of December 1875. Similar flips occurred from Sept 1947 and 1963 (cold) to Oct 1947 and 1963 (very warm) but differences between records are more widely separated than we are tracking in this post (both Octobers were quite warm by the 10th but set most of their records later, both Septembers had several record lows near the end and 1947 also set a record low on October 1st). Another month to month transition worth noting without any adjacent records would be Jan-Feb 1984 (cold to very mild, then back to cold in March). The somewhat slower transition from record warmth in March-early April 1945 to variable then very cold at end of May into early June was also a full tour of the anomaly spectrum. A near record high of 98F on Aug 2, 1975 and 96F on Aug 3rd and a record high minimum of 78F on the third were quickly followed by a record low max of 64F on Aug 7th (lowest minimum with that only 60F). Aug 10, 1979 (95F) while not that close to a record the warmest day of that year was followed within two days by a very cool day (64F, 57F). Earlier in the record, Aug 7 1931 (99F, not a record) was followed on the 11th by a record low max of 68F. There may have been other short transitions that involved valid records at the time but not valid now. A record high of 98F on July 8, 1890 (surpassed in 1993) was followed within two days by a record low of 55F (max 70F not a record after 1917) on July 10, 1890. June 29-30 1919 had record lows of 52F and 53F (still valid), July 3rd (97F, not a record in 1919) July 4th (99F a record to 1949) and July 5th (98F a record to 1999) made for a very fast transition. Oct 12 1886 (78F) was a record at the time broken in 1928, and 33F on 17th five days later still is a record. 76F on Oct 11th 1887 was also a temporary record and was followed in just two days by the still-valid but tied record low max of 49F. Also similar, 70F on Nov 4, 1903 later beaten out as a record was followed within three days by the still valid low maximum 41F (7th). In the eventually record cold November of 1880, a record high of 68F on 11th since broken, was followed by record cold as soon as the 19th (record low max 31F) and it stayed record cold for most of the following week. In 1951, record mild weather Dec 8-9 (the surviving records are high minima) was followed by near-record cold within ten days (64F 7th and 8th, 8F and 9F 17th, 18th). July 16 1926 has the record low of 56F, July 21 1926 held the record high (100F) until beaten in 1930 (102F). In 1930 the record low was 57F on July 15th but the 1930 high of 102F is no longer a record either (1977 104F). Another fast transition in the summer of 1930 was from record 96F on Aug 5th to record low 55F on Aug 13th, but the record high was later broken by 1944 (101F). Mar 11, 1967 had a (then) record high of 72F followed by a record low min of 8F on the 19th (a record low max of 20F on the 18th also), and it was back up to a record high of 81F on April 2nd. Another example is from a low max record still valid 41F Apr 15, 1885 to a high of 81F on Apr 22, a record broken in 1962 (which itself almost duplicated the change with a high of only 45F on the 15th). A shorter transition followed with a record of 89F on Apr 28, 1962 (since broken) followed by the date low max of 45F on May 2nd. (four days) By May 19, 1962 the monthly maximum of 99F was recorded, following another low max on May 8th of 49F. June 20 1893 (95F) has been overtaken by 98F in 1923, but at the time went from record high to low max and min (63F, 56F, June 26) in six days with another record low 54F on the 28th. May 2-3 1913 had record highs of 89F later beaten in recent years, and a still valid record low of 36F on May 11th. May 5 1919 had a record high of 88F later edged out, followed by a record low max of 48F on the 10th. May 10, 1895 had a high of 90F, one deg short of the current record, and a low minimum of 39F on May 13th (still valid). That was followed by record highs on May 31 and June 1 (96F) which had been preceded by more temporary records on May 29 and 30. May 23 1902 (86F) was at that time a record high, and 43F on May 29 1902 is still the record low. This couplet is no longer valid as the record for May 23 has increased to 94 (1964) but in that year the temperature on May 29 was only 49F (a larger overall drop). May 24 1884 had a record high of 86F (since overtaken) and a still-valid record high min (70F) followed by record low max and min on the 29th (51, 43) and another record low on the 30th (42F). The record low of 55F for July 4 (1986) was followed by two days at 98F on 6th and 7th, both tied or set records that would fall in 1999 and 2010. Records of 92F, 93F Sep 9-10 1895 (since broken) were followed by a near-record low max of 62F on the 12th, quite a fast drop (but the record even then was 60F (1873). So in other words there are numerous occasions when the temperature flipped from one extreme to the other within a week. This is not a comprehensive list when it comes to the 9 to 15 day range, I left out several less spectacular but valid cases in that time range. I tried to find anything shorter than eight days but would need to validate as the work was done from color coded entries in max and min logs in my research file.

All four locations beat or tied their seasonal max to date yesterday, values updated in the table above.

After the first half of June, anomalies and seasonal max values ... _________________________________ DCA _NYC _BOS __ ORD _ATL _IAH ___ DEN _PHX _SEA 16th _____ (15d anom) __________+1.7 _+1.3 _+1.7 ___+0.4 _+3.1 _+4.0 ___ +2.2 _+4.5 _-2.1 26th _____ (25d anom) _________ +0.1 _-0.7 _-0.4 ___+1.8 _+3.8 _+4.0 ___ +2.5 _+3.2 _-1.8 16th _____ (p30d anom GFS) ___+2.0 _+1.5 _+1.0 ___+1.0 _+3.0 _+4.0 ___ +3.0 _+4.0 _-1.0 26th _____ (p30d anom) ________+0.5 _ 0.0 _ 0.0____+2.0 _+3.0 _+4.0 ___ +2.5 _+3.0 _-0.5 30th/1st __ final anomalies _____-0.3 _ -0.6 _-0.1 ___ +1.6 _+3.2 _+3.7 ___ +2.0 _ +2.8 _-0.9 to July 10 __ Seasonal max ____ 99 __ 93 __ 92 _____ 99 __ 99 __104 _____101 _ 114 _ 91 (later updates are in July thread now) 16th _ End of month projections are basically persistence of mostly warm trends established so far, modified by somewhat different signals emerging over the next two weeks; worth noting that the SEA annual max was first established Apr 7 and only tied once in June so far. (76F on June 21) Consensus would score 686/900 on these projections; most forecasters would be close to that score as errors would balance out to some extent. Slightly higher estimated scores are those for wxallannj and wxdude64 but the range is quite small overall, and probably no more precise than the margin of error in the estimates. Normal would score 490/900. 26th _ SEA finally getting some hot weather, 87F on Sat 25th, likely to be hotter 26th and perhaps 27th. BOS may also break 90 today (26th). New updates for anomalies and projections, preliminary scoring underway. (update, SEA 91 on 27th, and BOS now at 90F 26th). 30th _ Final anomalies posted overnight, scoring updated.

Perhaps a long-range clue in this news item -- Yellowstone River flooding sees that river higher than at any point in recorded history, 1918 was the previous high. Assuming that to be in the late spring flood season also, 1918 became quite a hot summer and holds the record of 104 F for August. Late July to mid-August was the hottest portion of the summer; June 1918 and early July had some rather cool weather at times.

Any thoughts as to heavy rainfall potential tomorrow into early Thursday? Northern NJ, e PA, lower Hudson valley look prime to see 2-4 inch totals (over 24-36h). Maybe more like 1-1.5" in NYC metro. That earlier question about radar echoes -- looks legit from satellite, developing feeder bands into the developing low. That low is why I think there could be locally heavy rainfalls, frontal wave likely to develop near MD/PA border moving towards TTN and EWR, areas north of its track would see heaviest amounts.

As is the custom of this thread, updated files are made available on the Net-weather equivalent thread (they are too large to download here). https://www.netweather.tv/forum/topic/93113-toronto-180-a-north-american-data-base-of-182-years-now-includes-nyc-1869-2022/page/4/#comments The only changes made to them since the last time they were available would be the addition of daily data and various other monthly data for March, April and May 2022.

Severe heat is building in Texas but it isn't spreading northeast, it seems to be wanting to back-build into the Great Basin region later in the week. The first half of June looks to be rather cool in the eastern U.S. with anomalies in the -1 to -3 F range.

It is supposed to develop to TS status later according to forecast discussion, if so, will count 1/0/0, if not, outside the scope of the contest.

__ Log of record lows 1971-80 __ 1971 _ Except for a very warm October and a mild December, long portions of this year ran slightly below average but not often into record cold territory. It was quite cold from mid-January to about the 2nd of February. There were two record low maxima with a count of 1.5; both have survived to the end of the data. March 26th (36F) was within 1F of the tied 1872, 1937 and 1947 records (35F). Also Nov 9th (38F) was within 1F of the 1894 record of 37F. The maximum of 16F on Jan 19th was within 2F of the 1904 record but that changed to six degrees in 1994. There was one record low minimum (Nov 9th -- at 28F) which was later broken by 1976 (24F). The minimum of 7F on Jan 20th was within 2F of the 1946 record but lost ground in 1985 and ended up 7F short by 1994. There were no "coldest since" record low minima in 1971. (records for 1971 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 1 ____ 12 ___ (7) _______ 1900_16F ________ eventual record low maximum ___ 1.0, 1.0 Mar 26 __ (36) __ (30) _____ not records in 1971 (1872,1937,1947 _35F, 1960 _20F) June 15 __ 60 __ (56) ______ tied 1916 _60F ___ eventual record low maximum (t1916)_1.5, 1.5 Nov 9 ____(38)*_ 28 _______1887,1923 _30F __ 1976 _24F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 ____________________________ * max 38F on Nov 9th within 1F of 1894 record 37F. 1972 _ 1972 was a rather cold year in general much like 1940, but with less of a large collection of record lows and more near misses. This may have been in part due to the larger urban heat island. From 2.5 record low maxima, 1.0 has survived. Jan 16th (15F) was only 1F above the 1920 record low maximum. The interval following Hurricane Agnes (around June 22-26) was persistently cool with highs mostly in the 60s. The maximum on Oct 20th (48F) was one degree above the 1952 record (47F) but that changed to 4 deg when 1974 lowered the record to 44F. From 4.5 record low minima, 1.5 have survived. Aug 11th (57F) was 1F above the 1962 record of 56F. April 9th (29F) was within 2F of the existing record but that increased to 4F in 1977. Oct 18th (37F) was 2F above tied records (35F) from 1929 and 1939 that would later include 1974. In addition, there were four "coldest since" record low minima, and a count of 2.833; details follow: Coldest since _____ 1972 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 26, 1919 (31F) _____ 38 ____ 1934,76 ____ 0.33 May 26, 1967 (42F) ____ 46 ______ -- -- _______ 1.33 Aug 5, 1886,1912,51 (56F)_ 59 ____ -- -- _______ 2.33 Aug 11, 1962 (56F) _____ 57 _____ 2007 ______ 2.83 (records for 1972 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 16 __ (15) __ ( 5) _____ not records in 1972 (1920 _16F, 1893,2004 _1F) Apr 8 ____(43) __ 26 ______1880,1888,1920_28F _1982 _25F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 May 9 ___ 49 __ (46) _____ tied 1873 _49F ____ 1977 _44F ______________________________ 0.5, 0.0 June 10 __ (72) __ 49 _____ tied 1881 _49F ______ eventual record low minimum (t1881) __ ____ __ 1.5, 0.5 June 11___(69) __ 46 ______1877, 1881 _50F ___ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 1.5 June 25 ___66 __ (58) _____ 1896 _67F _________ 1974 _63F _____________________________ 1.5, 0.0 July 6 _____(77) __ 56 ______1956_57F __________ 1979 _54F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 1.5 Aug 11 ___(80) __(57) _____ not records in 1972 (1931,33,62 _68F , 1962_56F) Oct 19 ____43 __ (35) ______ 1940 _ 45F ___ eventual record low maximum ________ 2.5, 1.0 Oct 20 ___ (48)*__ 32 ______ 1940,52 _33F _ 1974 _31F _________________________________ ____ ____ __ 4.5, 1.5 ________________________________ * Max 48F on Oct 20th was 1F above 1952 record (47F) but 1974 lowered that to 44F. 1973 _ This was a warmer year and had very few colder than average periods. The first half of January was rather cold but not record-breaking. There were no record low maxima, and the closest approach was 3F on Nov 10th (41F) (record 38F in 1873). There was one record low minimum (41F May 18th) which has survived (counts 1.0). The low of 58F on July 12th was 1F above the 1926 record of 57F. The minimum of 30F on Nov 11th was 2F above existing record lows, and this increased to six degrees when 2017 reached 24F. In addition there were two "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 1.33; details follow: Oct 18th (37F) was 2F above tied records (35F) from 1929 and 1939 that would later include 1974. Coldest since _____ 1973 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 14, 1950 (26F) _____ 33 ______ -- -- _______ 1.0 July 12, 1926 (57F) _____ 58 ___ 1945, 1990 __ 1.33 (records in 1973 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 18 ___(59) __ 41 ______ 1882 _42F ______ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 July 12 ___ (76) __ (58) _____ not records in 1973 (1940_69F, later 1990_67F ; 1926_57F ) 1974 _ It was a generally balanced year with some warmer periods and some colder, notably June and October. From a count of 2.33 low maxima, 2.0 have survived. Also, Apr 9th (max 40F) was within 1F of the 1885 (later tied 2003) record of 39F, and July 24th (68F) was within 1F of the 1904 record (67F). After records set on 25th and 26th morning low, June 26th (65F) was within 2F of the 1893 record (63F), June 27th (64F) within 3F and June 28th (62F) 2F above the 1938 record (60F). This was a particularly cool late June spell by any standards. There were also 3.17 record low minima of which 2.33 survive. Oct 4th (38F), following a record tied on the 3rd, was within 1F of the 1888 record low (37F). June 27th (57F) was also within 2F of the 1940 record low (55F), and July 25th (59F) was within 2F of the 1953 record (57F). Oct 19th (32F) was within 2F of the 1940 record (34F) and following a record low on the 20th, the 21st (32F) was within 1F of the 1871 record (31F). In addition there were six "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 4.5; details follow: Coldest since _____ 1974 value __ tied by ___ count May 5, 1891 (34F) _____ 40 ______ 1917 _______ 0.5 July 25, 1953 (57F) _____ 59 ______ 1997 _______ 1.0 Sep 24, 1963 (40F) _____ 44 ______ -- -- _________ 2.0 Oct 4, 1888 (37F) _______38 ______ 1945 ________2.5 Oct 19, 1940 (30F) _____ 32 ______ -- -- _________ 3.5 Oct 21, 1871 (31F) _____ 32 ______ -- -- _________ 4.5 (records in 1974 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 9 ____(40) __ (32) _____ not records in 1974 (1885,2003 _39F, 1885,1950 _27F, later 1977 _25F) Apr 10 ___(48) __ 27 _____t1882,1909,17,20,50 _29F _eventual record low minimum (t1985,97)*___ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.33 June 25 ___63 __ (57) _____ 1972 _66F _________ eventual record low maximum ____________ 1.0, 1.0 June 26___(65) __ 56 ______tied 1893 _56F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1893, 1979) _ ____ ____ __ 1.50, 0.67 June 27 __ (64) __(57) _____not records in 1974 (1968_61F, 1940 _55F) June 28 __ (62) __(57) _____not records in 1974 (1938_60F, 1888,1893,1915 _54F) July 24 ___ (68) __(60) _____not records in 1974 (1904_67F, ) Sep 4 _____ 67 __(57) _____t1872,74 _67F ______ 1984 _66F ______________________________________ 1.33, 1.0 Oct 3 _____(50) __ 38 _____ t1888,99 _38F ______ eventual record low minimum (t1888,99) _____ ____ ____ __ 1.83, 1.0 Oct 4 _____(59) __(38) _____ not records in 1974 (1883_51F, 1888 _37F) Oct 18 ___ (55) __ 35 ______ t1929,39 _35F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1929,39)______ ____ ____ __ 2.17, 1.33 Oct 19 ___ (49) __ (32) _____ not records in 1974 (1972_43F, 1940 _30F) Oct 20 ____ 44 __ 31 ______1952 _47F, 1972 _32F _eventual record low max & min _________ 2.33, 2.0 __ 3.17, 2.33 Oct 21 ____(48) __(32) _____ not records in 1974 (1888_43F, 1871 _31F) _____________________________ * Apr 10 is the last minimum to be (a) first set and (b) later tied in the series. 1975 _ This was generally a rather warm year (in particular May and November) but it had some rather brief cold spells. The first half of April was persistently quite cold (Apr 4-6 37F, 37F, 41F daily maxima) but no records were set. There was just one record low maximum (Aug 7th) which has survived, for counts of 1.0. June 12th (63F) was within 1F of the 1924 record (62F). July 14th (75F) was within 2F of tied record low maxima, and Sep 23rd (59F) was within 2F of the 1963 record of 57F. Also there was just one tied record low minimum (Sep 14th) for counts of 0.5. March 9th (16F) was within 2F of the 1883 record (14F) but that increased to 5F when 1996 dropped to 11F. The minimum of 60F on Aug 7th was 2F higher than the existing record of 58F (1869) and eventually 3F higher after 1994 hit 57F. The last two days of October (33F, 31F) were also 2F higher than existing records from 1925, which has not changed since. Lows from March 27th to April 10th were often within about five degrees of record lows (23F on Mar 27th and 27F Apr 4-5 were notable). In addition there were two "coldest since" record low minima, both tied for a count of 1.0. Coldest since _____ 1975 value __ tied by ___ count Oct 3rd 1888,99,1974 (38F) _ 41 ____ 2003 ____ 0.5 Oct 31st, 1887, 1925 (29F) __ 31 ____ 1988 ____ 1.0 (records in 1975 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 12 __(63) __(58) ______not records in 1975 (1924 _62F, 1951_51F later 1979_48F) Aug 7 ____ 64 __ (60) ______ 1886 _66F _______ eventual record low maximum _______ 1.0, 1.0 Sep 14 ___(66) __ 46 ______ tied 1911 _46F __ eventual record low minimum (t1911) ___ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.5 1976 _ After a cold January, February to April were generally rather warm but the rest of the year became quite cold again. The autumn and early winter (into Jan 1977) were regarded as exceptionally cold. The count of record low maxima was only 1.0 (Dec 3rd which has survived) but there were several days close to record values. Jan 18th (18F) was within 2F of the 1921 record (later this changed to five in 1977) and Jan 23rd was 15F (record 11F 1871). July 23rd (72F) was within 2F of tied records (70F). Oct 18th (50F) was within 2F of the 1909 record (48F), this changed to five in 2009. The count for record low minima was 6.0 and all have survived. This is the largest total in this category since 1963 and would not be equalled after 1976. May 18th (42F) was within 1F of the 1973 record (41F) and May 23rd (44F) was within 1F of the 1963 record (43F). Nov 8 (30F) was within 1F of the 1886 record later tied in 2019 (29F). Oct 27th (29F) was within 1F of the 1936 record (28F). Jan 23rd (-1F) was within 2F of the 1936 record (-3F), and Apr 27th (38F) was within 2F of the 1932 record (36F). May 20th (45F) was within 2F of tied records (1907, 2002 43F). In addition there were eleven "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 9.58, matching 1967 (which had twelve for the same count) and tied for the highest number of "coldest since" record low minima. Adding that to six actual records and several other days that did not qualify as "coldest since" within 2F gives a total of 22 days with at least near-record cold which, without the urban heat island, would have pushed this year well into the top echelons for cold weather. Coldest since _____ 1976 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 22, 1888 (0F) _____ 5 ___ 1924, 1970, 2014 _ 0.25 Jan 23, 1936 (-3F) ____-1 ________ -- -- _________ 1.25 Apr 11, 1909 (24F) ___28 _______ -- -- __________2.25 Apr 12, 1874 (22F) ___25 _______ -- -- __________3.25 Apr 26, 1919 (31F) ___38 ______ 1934, 1972 ___3.58 May 18, 1973 (41F) __ 42 _______ -- -- __________4.58 May 23, 1963 (43F) __ 44 _______ -- -- __________5.58 July 18, 1925 (57F) ___60 _______ -- -- __________6.58 July 26, 1920 (55F) ___58 _______ -- -- __________7.58 Oct 27, 1936 (28F) ___ 29 _______ -- -- __________8.58 Dec 13, 1960 (8F) ____ 12 _______ -- -- __________9.58 (records in 1976 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 18 __ (75) __(42) _____ not records in 1976 (1881 _53F , 1973 _41F) May 19 __ (52) __ 38 ______ 1882 _42F ________eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 May 23 __ (72) __ (44) _____ not records in 1976 (1916_56F later 1982_55F , 1963 _43F) Aug 31 ___(74) __ 50 ______ 1912, 65 _ 51F ___ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 Oct 27 ___ (42) __(29) _____ not records in 1976 (1869 _39F ,1936 _28F) Oct 28 ___ (45) __ 29 ______ 1914,36 33F _____ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 3.0 Nov 8 ___ (41) __(30) ______not records in 1976 (1886 _38F; 1886, 2019 _29F) Nov 9 ____(41) __ 24 ______ 1971 _26F ________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 4.0, 4.0 Dec 3 ____ 23 ____ 9 _____ 1886_24F, 1940_11F _ eventual record low max & min __ 1.0, 1.0 __ 5.0, 5.0 Dec 14 ___(31) __ 12 ______1893, 98_13F _______eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 6.0, 6.0 1977 _ January remained very cold with several records and near misses. After that, the general trend was warm but occasionally highly variable allowing some brief cold intervals during the spring. May 9th also had the latest trace of snow. From 4.0 record low maxima, the surviving count is a full 4.0. Sep 22nd (59F) was within 2F of the tied 1875 and 1904 records (57F). There were two record low minima which have also survived. (counts 2.0) ... Jan 18th and 29th (which had record low maxima) were within 1F of existing low minimum records as documented in the table of records. May 9th (36F) was also within 1F of the 1947 record as shown, after May 8th (39F) had come within 2F of the 1947 record (37F), which later fell to 36F in 2020. There were also two "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 2.0. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1977 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 29, 1873 ( 0F) ____ +1 ________ -- -- _________ 1.0 June 8, 1932 (47F) ___ 50 ________ -- -- _________ 2.0 (also 2F on Jan 18th was coldest reading between record lows of 1F in 1875 and 0F in 1982.) (records in 1977 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 17 ____ 12 __ -2 _______1965 _16F, 1893 _5F _eventual record max & min ______ 1.0, 1.0 __ 1.0, 1.0 Jan 18 ____ 13 __ ( 2)*_____ 1921_16F________ eventual record low maximum ____ 2.0, 2.0 Jan 29 ____ 13 __ ( 1)*_____ 1885 _15F _______ eventual record low maximum ____ 3.0, 3.0 Apr 9 ____ (44) __ 25 ______ 1885, 1950 _27F _ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 May 9 _____ 44 __ (36)^_____1873, 1972 _49F _ eventual record low maximum ____ 4.0, 4.0 ____________________________ * minima of 2F on Jan 18th, 1F on 29th, both within 1F of record lows (1F Jan 18, 1875; 0F Jan 29, 1873). __ the Jan 18th record would fall to 0F in 1982. ^ minimum of 36F on May 9th was within 1F of 1947 record (35F) which later fell to 34F in 2020. 1978 _ This was a rather cold year but was more prone to sustained cooler than average spells than excursions into record low territory. There was only one record set, a low maximum on July 4th (62F) with a count of 1.0. July 14th (74F) was within 1F of the tied record (73F). Other maxima within 2F of a record were 45F on May 5th (1891 had 43F), and 54F on May 16th (1881 had 52F), Aug 5th (70F) compared to record 1903 68F, Sep 8th (65F) with record in 1918 (63F). There were no record low minima. The closest approach was 1F on July 4th, when 58F was one degree above the 1938 record of 57F (this has since dropped to 55F in 1986, which means that the following 2F "near misses" are now closest to record lows). The 2F near misses include 51F on June 14th (49F in 1875), 59F on July 12th (1926 had 57F), and Oct 8th (41F), and 9th (39F) which were 2F above records until 1988 changed that to 4F for the 8th. Also Oct 18th (37F) was two degrees above the tied record low. In addition, there were seven "coldest since" record lows with a count of 4.583. Coldest since _____ 1978 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 3, 1954 ( 24F) _______31 _____ -- -- ______ 1.0 May 1, 1880 (35F) ______ 38 ____ 1963 ______1.5 Aug 1, 1895,1964 (59F) _ 62 _____ -- -- ______ 2.5 Sep 14, 1911,75 (46F) ___51 ____ 1985 ______3.0 Oct 18, 1929,39,74 (35F) _ 37 _____ -- -- ______ 4.0 Oct 24, 1969 (31F) ______ 36 ___ 2002,03 ____4.33 Nov 26, 1880, 1938 (16F)_ 25 _ 1940,49,93 __ 4.58 (records in 1978 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) July 4 ______62 __ (58)*___ 1941 _64F _______ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 July 14 ____(74) __(67) _____ not records in 1978 (1884,1960,1963,2017_73F, 1877,1888,1926 _58F) ________________________________ * Min of 58F on July 4th was one degree above 1938 record of 57F, since that, 1986 had 55F. 1979 _ After a stormy and rather cold January, February turned bitterly cold; it was well below freezing continuously from Feb 9th to 19th although only one record was set with only one near miss included (both on the 18th, the record low was a minimum, the near miss a maximum). Other days were colder but records for those days were lower too. Then the spring was relatively mild, but the summer had unusually cool days and nights from time to time, setting a number of records. There was only one record low maximum (count 1.0), Feb 18th (17F) as noted in the table of records came within 1F of the 1958 record, and also, April 9th (41F) was 2F above the tied records (39F) and Oct 11th (50F) was 2F above the 1951 record of 48F. The last two months of the year were very mild. There were 5.083 record low minima, 4.83 of which have survived (some tied earlier records). Feb 14th and June 25th were within 1F of record lows (see table for details) and so was July 4th although its departure increased later. Aug 12th (57F) was within 2F of the 1889 record of 55F, and Aug 13th (57F) also 2F above the 1930 record of 55F. Oct 10th (37F) was within 2F of the 1888 record low (35F). Only one of these qualified as a "coldest since" either due to later records or smaller 1F departures in other years. 1979 managed one "coldest since" with a 24 degree increase over the lowest ever reading in 1934. The usual range is 1 to 4 deg. Several colder nights in the mid-February cold spell were beaten out by slightly colder readings much earlier in the series, as 1899 held several of those records. Without the larger urban heat island, Feb 1979 would likely be more prominent in the record tables. In addition to those, there were four "coldest since" record low minima with a count of 3.33. Coldest since _____ 1979 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 9, 1934 (-15F) ____ 9 __________ -- -- ______ 1.0 June 25, 1873 (53F) ___54__________ -- -- ______ 2.0 July 7, 1914 (56F) _____59 ______ 1942,48 ____ 2.33 Oct 11, 1964 (34F) ____37 _________ -- -- ______ 3.33 (also 3F on Feb 14th was coldest between records of 2F in 1916 and -1F in 2016). (records in 1979 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 14 ____(17) ___( 3) ____not records in 1979 (1916 _12F & 2F, later 2016 -1F) Feb 18 ____(17)*___0 _____1896 _1F __________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 June 12 ___ (70) __ 48 ____1951 _ 51F ________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 June 25 ___ (75) __(54) ____not records in 1979 ( ,1873 _53F) June 26 ___ (74) __ 56 ____t1893, 1974 _56F __ eventual record low minimum (t1893, 1974)____ __ 2.33, 2.33 July 4 _____ (71) __(58) ____not records in 1979 (1978_62F, 1938 _57F later 1986 _55F) July 5 ______(69) __ 53 ____ 1927 _54F ________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 3.33, 3.33 July 6 _____ (78) __ 54 _____1972_56F _________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 4.33, 4.33 Aug 12 ____ 64 __ (57) ____1922 _66F _________ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 Aug 17 ____(78) __ 56 ____tied 1881 _56F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1881)_ ____ __ 4.83, 4.83 Sep 20 ____ (67) __ 45 ____t1871,1920,1956 _45F __ 1993 _44F _____________________________ ____ ____ __5.08, 4.83 _____________________________________________________ * Max of 17F on Feb 18th was within 1F of the record low maximum of 16F from 1958. The previous day had been only 13F but the record for the 17th was 7F in 1896. 1980 _ This was a rather average year with cool spells in late February, June and around Christmas in December. None of those managed to set a record low maximum and in fact the closest approach was only 5 F which is the largest departure from record territory so far. The days that came that close were Nov 11th (42F - the margin increased when 1987 reached a lower record value of 33F), Nov 18th (38F), and Dec 25th (20F) which later saw the margin increased to 7 F by a lower record set in 1983. Leap Year Day (Feb 29th) had 21F against the 1884 record of only 12F. There were two record low minima (count 2.0) which have both survived, June 9th had 47F and Dec 25th -1F. In addition, there were six "coldest since" record low minima, for a count of 4.333. Coldest since _____ 1980 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 29, 1884 (4F) ____ 12 __________ -- -- ______ 1.0 June 11, 1972 (46F) __ 49 __________ -- -- ______ 2.0 June 12, 1979 (49F) __ 52 __________ -- -- ______ 3.0 Sep 27, 1947,57 (41F) _45 _________1989 _____ 3.5 Oct 23, 1969 (32F) ___ 37 ____ 1997, 2003 ____ 3.83 Dec 26, 1914 (3F) _____ 8 _________ 1983 _____ 4.33 (records in 1980 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 9 ____(63) __ 47 _____1913_49F ________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Dec 25____(20) __ -1 ______1872 _4F _________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 Summary of records set in the decade 1971-1980 The pace of records slackened again, with a total of 14.33 record low maxima of which 12.5 have survived. At random these numbers would be 34 and 24. However, each year had one or two days within 1F of records and several more within 2 or 3, so in fact there was probably about the same amount of cold air present, it was more of a case of urban heat island modification taking the sting out of the cold slightly. And there were some very cold intervals in the decade, most notably late 1976 into January of 1977. The count of record low minima was closer to random expectation, as 25.25 records yielded 20.17 eventual surviving records. There were 33.5 "coldest since" record low minima bringing the total recorded to 234.75. That would be out of 333 records now set. That appears to include 325 fully set, 8 with further ties to come, so the ratio for "coldest since" is actually 234.75 out of 325 possible; 130 coldest since marks (or ties) will still be recorded later than 1980, about a third of them because the record is not yet fully set, and two-thirds because a colder value or tied value lies in the future to eliminate any other contenders. Now moving on to the decade of 1981-90, the tables will include all near-misses of 1 or 2 degrees (from 1951 to present it has been just 1 deg with mentions in the annual summaries of those at 2F above record values). Since the tables have all the data, the annual summaries will now be more general and will not contain detailed descriptions of these near misses. The format will be the same, values within 1 or 2 F will be underlined and in brackets. If they come with an actual record value in the other category, the comparison will be in a note below the table. Otherwise the comparison to records will be in italics within the table. ___ Log of records for 1981-1990 ___ ___ includes all cases within 2F of records ___ 1981 _ January was a cold month, and February turned very mild. From that point on, much of 1981 was rather close to average or slightly cooler than normal but with very few records. The two records, one of each type and they tied earlier records, so that counts are 0.5 for low maximum and 0.33 for low minimum. Note: from now on, almost all records set are surviving to the end of the data, so rather than always mentioning that, we will just confine the commentary to those few cases that do not survive, as we gradually close in on the last records of each type to be set but later are broken. There were also no other cases within 2 F deg of records as can be seen from the absence of entries in the table of records. Before that, there were three "coldest since" record lows, none tied, for a count of 3.0. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1981 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 4, 1918 (-3F) _______ 5 ________ -- -- ______ 1.0 Jan 13, 1912,14 (-3F) ___ 5 ________ -- -- ______ 2.0 Aug 17, 1881,1979 (56F)_ 59 ______ -- -- _______ 3.0 (records in 1981 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 4 ______14 __ ( 5) _____ tied 1904 _14F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1904) ___ 0.5, 0.5 Jan 12 ____(15) ___ 2 ______ t1886, 1968 _2F___ eventual record low minimum (t1886,1968) __ ____ __ 0.33, 0.33 1982 _ This was quite a cold year until near the end when record warmth arrived in December. Mid-January and parts of April as well as the summer were notable for cold records. From 3.5 record low maxima, the count is 3.33 (one was tied a third time, later, in 2003). There was also one maximum within 1F of a record. There were 4.5 record low minima, for a count of 4.33 (Aug 29th was tied a third time, later, in 1986). Four more cold minima were within 2F of record lows as shown in the table. In addition there were six "coldest since" record low minima with a count of 5.33. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1982 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 11, 1968 (3F) ________ 5 _______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Jan 12, 1886,1968,81 (2F)__6 _______ -- -- _______ 2.0 Jan 17, 1977 (-2F) ________0 _______ -- -- _______ 3.0 Mar 28, 1923 (13F) _____ 22 _______ -- -- _______ 4.0 June 13, 1953 (51F) ____ 52 ________ -- -- _______ 5.0 Aug 23, 1895 (52F) _____ 54 ____ 1923,25 ______5.33 (records in 1982 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 11 ____ (17) __( 5) _____ not records in 1982 (1873 _12F, 1968 _3F) Jan 17 ____ (19) __( 0) _____ not records in 1982 (1977 _12F & -2F) Jan 18 ____ (15)*__ 0 ______1875 _1F ________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Apr 6 _____ (41) __ 21 _____ 1881 _23F _______eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 Apr 7 _____ 30 __ 21 ______ 1875_37F, 1881_23F _eventual record low max & min_ 1.0, 1.0 __ 3.0, 3.0 Apr 8 _____(43) __ 25 ______ 1972 _26F ______ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 4.0, 4.0 Apr 9 _____ 39 __ (34) ______ tied 1885 _39F __eventual record low maximum (t1885,2003)_1.5, 1.33 May 23 ___ 55 __ (51) ______1916_ 56F ________eventual record low maximum ____ 2.5, 2.33 June 7 ____(62) __ (55) _____ not records in 1982 (1891, 1905 _61F, 1879_47F ) June 13 ___ 55 __ (52)*_____ 1962 _58F _______ eventual record low maximum ____ 3.5, 3.33 Aug 22 ___ (73) __(54) _____ not records in 1982 (1965_68F, later 2007 _65F; 1895 _52F) Aug 29 ____(72) __ 50 ______tied 1965 _50F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1965,1986) ____ __ 4.5, 4.33 ________________________ * Max of 15F on Jan 18th was within 2F of the record set in 1977 (13F). * Min of 52F on June 13th was within 1F of the record set in 1953 (51F). 1983 _ This was quite a warm year and very wet, so not many chances for record low temperatures. May and December had the coldest spells. In fact there would have been no records at all, had there not been a cold outbreak around Christmas setting one of each type of record (counts for both were 1.0). In addition to those, there was one low maximum within one degree on August 13th, and one low minimum within 1F on May 16th and two within 2F on the following two days. In addition, there were five "coldest since" record low minima, for a count of 3.833. Details below: Coldest since _____ 1983 value __ tied by ___ count May 16, 1878 (42F) _____ 43 ___ 1959,2016 __ 0.33 May 17, 1956 (39F) _____ 41 ______ -- -- _______ 1.33 Aug 14, 1964 (54F) ______ 59 ______ -- -- _______ 2.33 Dec 25, 1980 (-1F) _______ 4 _______ -- -- _______ 3.33 Dec 26, 1914 (3F) ________ 8 _______ 1980 _____ 3.83 (records in 1983 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 16 __(63) __ (43) _____ not records in 1983 (1888 _52F, 1878 _42F) May 17 __(63) __ (41) _____ not records in 1983 (1881,1915 _52F, 1956 _39F) May 18 __(62) __ (43) _____ not records in 1983 (1881 _53F, 1973 _41F) Aug 13 ___(69) __(61) _____ not records in 1983 (1873, 1934 _68F, 1930 _55F) Dec 24 ___ (22) ___6 _______1872, 1883 _7F___eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Dec 25 ____13 ___ (4) ______1872 _15F _______ eventual record low maximum ___ 1.0, 1.0 1984 _ There were longer cold spells again in 1984. Although only two low maximum records were set (counts 2.0), there were also numerous "near misses" ... January, March, and September were all rather cold months. While there were no record low minima, the closest approach was within 1F (see Mar 10 in tables). There were also three "coldest since" record low minima with the count 3.0; details follow: Coldest since _____ 1984 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 10, 1929 (12F) _____ 13 ______ -- -- _______ 1.0 July 7, 1963 (54F) _______ 59 ______ -- -- _______ 2.0 Sep 16, 1966 (47F) ______ 48 ______ -- -- _______ 3.0 (records in 1984 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 20 ___(21) __ (12) _____ not records in 1984 (1961_19F, later 1994 _15F; 1946 _5F, later 1985 _4F, 1994 _0F ) Jan 21 ___(19) __ ( 8.) _____ not records in 1984 (1888_16F, 1F ... later 1985 _9F, -2F) Mar 10 __(30) __ (13) _____ not records in 1984 (1877_29F, later 1987 _28F; 1929 _12F) May 16 __(55) __ (44) _____ not records in 1983 (1888 _52F, 1878 _42F) July 1 ____(71) __(68) _____ not records in 1984 (1869,71,88 _70F, 1943 _52F) Sep 4 ____ 66 __ (61) _____ 1872,1874,1974 _67F _eventual record low maximum ___ 1.0, 1.0 Sep 16 __ (65) __ (48) _____ not records in 1984 (1872 _60F, 1966_47F) Sep 27 __ (58) __ (48) _____ not records in 1984 (1893 _56F, 1941,57 _41F) Sep 28 ___ 53 __(44)______1882 _55F __________ eventual record low maximum ___ 2.0, 2.0 1985 _ This was a rather variable year for temperatures with brief warm and cold spells, none particularly impressive. There was only one record low maximum on January 21st, (9F -- there has not been a lower maximum since with 10F in Jan 1994) and the only other notable spell of near-record cold daytime readings came in late June (June 26th -28th 68F, 64F, 64F). So the second closest day to a record was within 3F on June 27th. These three days all had minima within 1 or 2 F of record lows and make the table for those. Record low minima amounted to a count of 2.5, and of that 1.33 survived. There were also four "coldest since" record low minima with a count of 3.0. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1985 value __ tied by ___ count June 26, 1873,1974,79 (56F) _57 ____ 1986 _____ 0.5 June 27, 1940 (55F) ______ 56 ______ -- -- _______ 1.5 Sep 13, 1963 (46F) _______ 49 ______ -- -- _______ 2.5 Sep 14, 1911,75 (46F) ____ 51 ______ 1978 _____ 3.0 (records in 1985 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 20 ___ (23) ___ 4 _____1946 _5F __________ 1994 _0F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Jan 21 ____ 9 ___ -2 ______1888 _16F, 1F _____ eventual record low max & min ___1.0, 1.0 __ 2.0, 1.0 Apr 10 ___(49) __ 27 _____t1974 _27F _______ eventual record low minimum (t1985,97)_______ __2.5, 1.33 June 26 __(68) __(57) _____ not records in 1985 (1893 _63F , 56F _1873, 1974, 1979) June 27 __ (64) __(56) _____ not records in 1985 (1968 _61F , 1940 _55F) June 28 __ (64) __(56) _____ not records in 1985 (1938 _60F, 1888,1893,1915,1995 _54F) 1986 _ This was a rather bland year for temperature trends, and most months were fairly close to normal values. The summer was rather cool. No record low maxima were noted, the closest during the year was within 2F (July 12th) which later became 3F (after 1990), so that April 23rd, June 7th, July 31st and Sep 4th then shared the closest approach of 3F with July 12th, to a daily record low maximum in 1986. There were 3.33 record low minima, of which 2.33 have survived. This marks the last time a record low minimum would be later beaten or tied, so all years after 1986 have either no records or a perfect survival rate. 1999 has the last instance of a broken low maximum record set during the year. There were also numerous lows that were within 1 or 2 F of records, as noted. In addition, there were six "coldest since" record low minima, for a count of 4.67. Coldest since _____ 1986 value __ tied by ___ count June 26, 1893,1974,79 (56F) _ 57 ____ 1985 ___ 0.5 Aug 28, 1885 (50F) _______ 52 ______ -- -- _____1.5 Aug 30, 1965 (50F) _______ 51 ______ -- -- _____ 2.5 Aug 31, 1976 (50F) _______ 54 ______ -- -- _____ 3.5 Sep 8, 1871 (52F) _________54 __ five others* _ 3.67 Nov 14, 1905 (20F) _______ 22 ______ -- -- _____ 4.67 ___________ * Sep 8th tied with 1877, 1914, 1951, 1955, 1956 (records in 1986 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 23 __ (43) __ (35) ____ not records in 1986 (1883 _40F, 1872 _29F) June 7 __ (64) __ (60) ____ not records in 1986 (1891, 1905 _61F, 1879 _47F ) June 26 __(68) __(57) ____ not records in 1986 (1893 _61F , 1873, 1974, 1979 _56F) July 4 ____(77) __ 55 _____ 1938 _ 57F _______ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 July 12 ___(71) __ (62) ____ not records in 1986 (1940 _69F, later 1990 _67F; 1926 _57F) July 31 ___(68) __(63) ____ not records in 1986 (1923 _65F, 1895,1914 _57F) Aug 28 ___(71) __(52) ____ not records in 1986 (1940 _60F ,1885 _50F) Aug 29 ___(68) __ 50 _____t1965,82 _50F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1965,82)___ 1.33, 1.33 Aug 30 ___(76) __(51) ____ not records in 1986 (1911 _62F, 1965 _50F) Sep 4 ____(69) __ (62) ____ not records in 1986 (1984 _66F, 1872,83 _47F) Sep 8 ____(71) __ (54) ____ not records in 1986 (1918 _63F, 1871 _52F) Sep 17 ___(69) __ 45 _____1950,59 _46F ______ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 2.33, 2.33 Oct 7 ____ (60) __ (41) ____ not records in 1986 (1873 _48F, 1954, 1999 _39F) Nov 13 __ (42) __ 24 _____ 1920_25F ___________ 2019 _ 23F __________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.33, 2.33 Nov 14 __ (38) __ (22) _____ not records in 1986 (1873 _29F, 1905 _20F) 1987 _ While this was quite a warm year, there were brief cold spells, notably in late January although not close to setting records, those came in much shorter cold spells of one or two day duration. From 2.83 low maxima during the year, all have survived. There were also two 2F "near misses" as shown. There were no record low minima, the closest approach was 2F on March 11th (16F), Oct 4th (39F), Oct 14th (40F), Nov 11th (30F) and Nov 21st (18F) although Oct 14th changed to 3F after 1988, and Nov 11th changed to 6F when a lower value was recorded in 2017. That leaves March 11th, Oct 4th and Nov 21st as the closest approaches now to any record low minimum in 1987 (margin 2F). In addition, there were three "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 2.5. Coldest since _____ 1987 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 15, 1943 (-8F) ______ 4 _______ 2015 _____0.5 Mar 11, 1960 (14F) ____ 16 _______ -- -- ______ 1.5 Nov 21, 1879 (16F) ____ 18 _______ -- -- ______ 2.5 (records in 1987 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 10 ___ 28 __ (15) _____ 1877 _29F _______ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 Mar 11 ___(35) __ (16) _____not records in 1987 (1885 _28F, 1960_14F) May 4 ____ 48 __ (44) ______tied 1871 _48F ___ eventual record low maximum (t 1871) _1.5, 1.5 June 26 __ (65) __(61) _____ not records in 1987 (1893 _63F, 1893,1974,1979 _56F) July 7 _____ 73 __ (65) _____ t1914,43 _73F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1914,43) _1.83, 1.83 Oct 4 _____ (53) __(39) _____not records in 1987 (1883 _51F, 1888 _37F) Oct 14 ___ (60) __ (40) _____ not records in 1987 (1889 _45F, sev'l _38F, later 1988 _37F) Nov 11 ___ 33 __ (30)*______1926 _37F _______ eventual record low maximum ____2.83, 2.83 Nov 21 ___(33) __ (18) _____ not records in 1987 (1879 _24F, 16F) _____________________________ * min Nov 11th 30F was within 2F of tied records 1873, 1926, 1933 _28F but the record fell to 24F in 2017. 1988 _ Generally quite a warm year with a hot summer, there were brief cold spells, notably June 30 to July 2, and October had more sustained cold. From 2.5 record low maxima, 2.33 have survived (one gained another tie in 2004 -- this is the second last low maximum set to have a later tied value, 1992 would also have one, although the last set low maximum to be broken occurs Aug 21, 2007 breaking a record set in 1999). And from 3.5 record low minima, all have survived. This is the highest total for either record lows in the year, or surviving, after 1982 in the record. There were quite a few other lows within 2F of record low minima, as noted. In addition, from seven "coldest since" record low minima, there was a count of 6.0, beaten only twice (2000, 2018) and equalled twice more (1989, 1992) since 1988. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1988 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 14, 1914 (-5F) _______ 5 _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Mar 22, 1885 (12F) _____17 _______ -- -- ______ 2.0 June 9, 1980 (47F) ______52 _______ -- -- ______ 3.0 June 10, 1881,1972 (49F)_ 50_______ -- -- ______ 4.0 June 30, 1919 (53F) _____55 ______ 1923 _____ 4.5 July 1, 1943 (52F) _______53 _______ -- -- ______ 5.5 Oct 31, 1888,1925 (29F) _ 31 ______ 1975 _____ 6.0 (also 58F on July 2nd was tied coldest between record lows 56F 1888, 2001). (records in 1988 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 14 ____ 17 __ ( 5) _____tied 1893 _17F ______eventual record low maximum (t1893, 2004)_0.5, 0.33 June 4 ____(67) __(50) ____not records in 1988 (1945 _52F , 1926 _48F) June 10 ___(71) __(50) ____not records in 1988 (1881 _55F, 1881,1972 _49F) June 30 ___(78) __(55) ____not records in 1988 (1967 _65F, 1919 _53F) July 1 _____(71) __(53) ____not records in 1988 (1869,71,88 _70F, 1943 _52F) July 2 ____ (80) __(58) ____ not records in 1988 (1891 _67F, 1888, 2001 _56F) Sep 6 ____ (71) __(50) ____ not records in 1988 (1963 _56F, 1924 _48F) Sep 16 ___ (71) __(49) ____ not records in 1988 (1872 _60F, 1966 _47F) Oct 8______ 45 __ 37 _____1885 _49F ___________eventual record low maximum _____1.5, 1.33 _Oct 8 ___ (min) __37 ____ 1885,1935,64 _39F___eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ _ 1.0, 1.0 Oct 9 ____ (59) __ 37 _____ tied 1888 _37F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1888) __ ____ _ 1.5, 1.5 Oct 14 ___ (59) __ 37 ____ 1874,75,87 & 1934,37_t38F__eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ _ 2.5, 2.5 Oct 31 ___ (48) __ (31) ____ not records in 1988 (1869 _41F, 1887 & 1925 _29F) Dec 12 ____20 ___ 5 ______1960 _21F, 9F ______ eventual record low max & min ______2.5, 2.33 _ 3.5, 3.5 1989 _ This year had alternating spells of warm and cold weather balancing out, and December was persistently cold although few records were set. The year had just one record low maximum (Dec 22nd) for a count of 1.0, and one tied record low minimum (Aug 7th) for a count of 0.5. There were a few additional "near misses" in the 1-2F range above record lows. In addition, there were (after 2022 removed one) six "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 5.0. **The last entry in the list was removed by 7F in 2022. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1989 value __ tied by ___ count July 16, 1926,46 (56F) __ 60 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Aug 8, 1903 (54F) _______56 ______ -- -- ______ 2.0 Sep 27, 1947,57 (41F) __ 45 _____ 1980 _____ 2.5 Dec 3, 1976 (9F) ________18 ______ -- -- ______ 3.5 Dec 14, 1976 (12F) _____ 14 ______ 2005 ____ 4.0 Dec 23, 1883 (-1F) _______ 8 ______ -- -- ______ 5.0 ** Dec 24, 1983 (6F) _____ 9 ______ -- -- ______ removed by 7F in 2022 (records in 1989 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 15 ___(61) __ (58) ____ not records in 1989 (1916, 71 _60F, 1933 _48F) July 17 ___ (76) __ (60) ____ not records in 1989 (1873,1949,1962 _74F, later 1992 _72F; 1892 _57F) Aug 8 _____(77) __ (56) ____ not records in 1989 (1903 _68F, 54F) Aug 9 _____ (82) __ 57 _____tied 1919 _57F___eventual record low minimum (t1919)___ ____ _ 0.5, 0.5 Aug 11 ___ (69) __ (58) ____ not records in 1989 (1931,1933,1962 _68F; 1962 _56F) Aug 19 ___ (71) __ (65) ____ not records in 1989 (1881, 1946 _70F, 1924 _55F) Oct 18 ___ (50) __ (44) ____ not records in 1989 (1909 _48F, later 2009 _45F; 1929,39,74 _35F) Dec 14 ___ (31) __ (14) ____ not records in 1989 (1902 _21F, 1976 _12F) Dec 22 ___ 18 ___ ( 8.) _____1921 _ 20F ______ eventual record low maximum ________ 1.0, 1.0 Dec 27 ___ (21) __ ( 8.) ____ not records in 1989 (1872 _15F, 6F) 1990 _ This year had long stretches of warm to very warm temperatures but occasionally turned quite cold. Mid-July had a very cool interval. There were 2.0 record low maxima, and 1.5 record low minima during the year, and a few "near misses" also. In addition, there were five "coldest since" record low minima with the count 4.33. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1990 value __ tied by ___ count May 22, 1907 (42F) _____ 44 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 June 5, 1945 (47F) ______ 50 ______ -- -- ______ 2.0 July 12, 1926 (57F) ______ 58 ___ 1945, 73 ___ 2.33 July 13, 1888 (54F) ______ 57 ______ -- -- ______ 3.33 Sept 17, 1986 (45F) _____ 49 ______ -- -- ______ 4.33 (records in 1990 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 26 ___ (25) ___ 7_______ tied 1928 _7F ___eventual record low minimum (t1928) ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.5 May 21 ___(51) __ (47) _____ not records in 1990 (1892, 1924,29 _50F; 1907 _40F) May 22 ___(65) __ (44) _____ not records in 1990 (1894 _54F, 1907 _42F) July 12 ____67 __ (58)*______1940 _ 69F ______eventual record low maximum _______ 1.0, 1.0 July 13 ___(70) __ (57) _____ not records in 1990 (1964 _67F, 1888 _54F) July 14 ___ (74) __(64) _____ not records in 1990 (1884, 1960, 1963, 2017 _73F; 1877,1888,1926 _58F) Aug 20 ___ 68 __ (59) ______1893,1900,48_70F _eventual record low maximum _____ 2.0, 2.0 Sep 18 ___(67) __ 44 ______ 1937 _45F ________eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.5 ___________________ * min 58F on July 12 within 1F of record 57F (1926) Summary of records set in the decade 1981-1990 The pace of records picked up slightly from the previous decade, with a total of 16.33 record low maxima of which 16.0 have survived. At random these numbers would be 31 and 24. There was also a healthy crop of "near miss" 1 or 2 F short of being record tying temperatures. These would probably all have qualified in the absence of the large urban heat island effect. The count of record low minima was similar (and lower than the previous decade), with 17.17 records yielding 14.83 eventual surviving records. There were 40.67 "coldest since" record low minima bringing the total recorded to 275.42. That would be out of 348 records now set. That includes 343 fully set, 8 with further ties to come, so the ratio for "coldest since" is actually 275.42 out of 343 possible; almost one quarter of the "coldest since" values are yet to be recorded as of 1990, with only 23 of them due to the record not being yet fully established. The dates for which records in 1990 would later be broken (or tied*) are as follows: Jan 7th, 16th*, 19th, 20th, Feb 14th and 20th, March 3rd* 9th and 15th, Apr 10th*, May 8th, 9th and 22nd*, June 28th*, July 2nd*, Aug 7th, Sep 20th, Oct 7th* Nov 8th* and Nov 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th, with December fully set including ties. __ Log of records for 1991-2000 __ 1991 _ This is the first year in the data set which failed to set a cold record of either type. It would later be joined by 1998, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2011 and 2018. It was also the fifth year (following 1906, 1908, 1941, 1944) not to have surviving records (and would be joined by this same list to make the total eleven). The closest approach for low maxima was 3F on July 29th (72F) and Nov 10th (41F). The maximum of 68F on July 5th would have been a record on July 1st or 7th and was perhaps closer in that sense (although 6F short of the daily record). The closest approach for low minima was 2F on Sep 2nd (53F). That was tied for being coldest since 1892 (52F) became "coldest since" the record low of 51F set in 1886. Also, 1991 had no "coldest since" record low minima. Of the later years that would join it as being record-free, only 1998 and 2010 were also shut out of that type of near-record. A second close call for "coldest since" was on Sep 28th (45F) which came close to the 43F in 1957 which was coldest after the 1947 record of 41F. No tables are required for 1991. The max on Sep 2nd (with the 2F near miss low) was 74 (the record was 62F in 1869). 1992 _ Much of the year was rather close to average for temperatures, but the summer was chilly and was regarded as "the year without a summer" in some parts of eastern North America (not quite as cold as the historical analogue of 1816 however). This cool tendency was blamed on the late 1991 volcanic eruption of Pinatubo. Cool weather set in during late May and relented its grip rather gradually through the autumn months. The entire collection of records for 1992 comes from the summer, with 2.25 record low maxima (2.20 survive as the tied record was further tied in 1996 -- this is the last instance of a later tied low maximum, 1999 provides the last instance of a later broken low maximum record). There was also one near miss of 1F a day after one of these records. The day following those was also cool at 68F within 3F of the 1909 record for Aug 17th. There were no record low minima in 1992. The closest approach was within 1F on June 22nd, July 23rd and Nov 8th. In addition, there were eight "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 6.0. Only 2000 and 2018 would have higher counts after 1992. coldest since _____ 1992 value __ tied by ___ count May 24, 1963 (39F) ____ 45 ______ 1967 ______ 0.5 May 28 1907,61 (43F) __ 47 ______ 1994 ______ 1.0 June 22 1897,1940 (52F)_ 53 ______ -- -- _______ 2.0 June 23, 1918 (49F)_____ 52 ______ -- -- _______ 3.0 July 4, 1986 (55F) _______60 ______ 2021 _____ 3.5 July 23, 1871,90 (58F) __ 59 ______ 1939 _____ 4.0 Oct 1, 1947 (36F) _______ 39 ______ -- -- ______ 5.0 Oct 20, 1974 (31F) ______ 34 ______ -- -- ______ 6.0 (records in 1992 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 22 __(65) __ (53) ____ not records in 1992 (1928 & 52 _ 62F, 1897 & 1940 _52F) July 17 ____72 __ (67) _____1873,1949, 62_74F __eventual record low maximum ___ 1.0, 1.0 July 23 ___ 70 __ (59)*____t1894,1909,1969__eventual record low maximum (t1894,1909,1969,1996) _ 1.25, 1.2 Aug 15 ___ 66 __ (61) _____1887, 1930 _68F ___ eventual record low maximum ___ 2.25, 2.2 Aug 16 ___ (66) __(60) ____ not records in 1992 (1893 _65F, 1880 _55F) Aug 17 ___ (68) __(65) ____ not records in 1992 (1909 _65F, 1881 & 1979 _56F) Nov 8 _____(43) __(30) ____ not records in 1992 (1886 _38F, 1886 & 2019 _29F) _ Nov 9 max 42F _______________________________ * Min of 59F on July 23rd within 1F of record low min 58F (1871, 1890). 1993 _ A generally rather warm year, February and March had cold spells with an inland blizzard around March 12-13 drawing in some record cold air. Mid-October and late December were also rather cold. There were no record low maxima, the closest approach being 2F degrees on July 2nd as shown in the tables. There were two record low minima. (count 2.0). In addition there were four "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 3.25. Details follow: coldest since _____ 1993 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 7, 1910 (1F) ______ 7 _______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Mar 19, 1967 (8F) ____15 _______ -- -- _______ 2.0 Oct 14, 1988 (37F) ___38 _______ -- -- _______ 3.0 Nov 26, 1880, 1938 (16F) _ 25 __ 1940,49,78 _ 3.25 (records in 1993 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 15___ (33) __ 14 ____1887, 1916 _15F ___ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ _ 1.0, 1.0 July 2 ____ (69) __ (65) ___ not records in 1993 (1891 _67F, 1888 & 2001 _56F) Sep 20___ (64) __ 44 ____1871,1920,56,79_45F _ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ _ 2.0, 2.0 Oct 14 ___(54) __ (38) ___ not records in 1993 (1889 _45F, 1988 _37F) Dec 27 __ (20) __ (10) ___ not records in 1993 (1872 _15F, 6F) 1994 _ The year began with a very cold month followed by a gradual return to more normal temperatures through the late winter and spring. The counts were 2.0 for low maxima and 3.0 for low minima. Jan 19-20 supplied two of each and a third record low was added in August. In addition there were five days with "coldest since" record low minima, for a count of 3.83. coldest since _____ 1994 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 27, 1927 (-1F) _____ 0 _______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Feb 26, 1928,90 (7F) __ 15 _______ -- -- _______ 2.0 May 28, 1907,61 (43F) _47 _______1992 ______2.5 Aug 6, 1869 (56F) ____ 57 ______1934, 57 ___ 2.83 Aug 29,1965,82,86 (50F) _ 58 _____ -- -- ______ 3.83 (records in 1994 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 16 ____(15) __( 3) _____ not records in 1994 (1920 _14F, 1893 & 2004 _1F ) Jan 19 ____ 10 __ -2 ______1904 _14F; 1875 _-1F _ eventual record low max & min __ 1.0, 1.0 __ 1.0, 1.0 Jan 20 ____ 15 __ 0 ______ 1875,1961 _19F ______eventual record low maximum __ 2.0, 2.0 _Jan 20 __ (min) _ 0 ______ 1985 _4F ____________eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 3.0 Jan 27 ___ (31) __( 0) _____ not records in 1994 (1888 _14F, 1927 _-1F) May 20 __ (61) __(45) ____ not records in 1994 (1957 & 2000 _51F, 1907 & 2002 _43F) Aug 6 ____ (75) __(57) ____ not records in 1994 (1915 _64F, 1869 _56F) Aug 7 ____ (81) __ 57 _____1869 _58F ___________eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 3.0 1995 _ A generally warm year, 1995 had no record low maxima, and the closest approach was only four degrees (41F on Nov 9th and 24F on Dec 11th). There was one tied record low minimum for a count of only 0.25. The second coldest reading by differentials was 23F on April 5th, three degrees above the 1874 record (1881 took the "coldest since" for that record at 21F. There were two "coldest since" record low minima, with the count 2.0. coldest since _____ 1995 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 6, 1982 (21F) ______ 28 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Dec 12, 1988 (5F) ______ 16 ______ -- -- ______ 2.0 (records in 1995 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 28____(74) __ 54 _____t1888,93,1915 _54F ___eventual record low minimum (t1888,93,1915) ____ ____ __ 0.25, 0.25 1996 _ The year was quite variable in temperature with some large swings during each season. The count of record low maxima was 1.2 (March 9th and a tied mark on July 23rd), but there were quite a few more near misses. The count for low minima was 1.0 (also March 9th) but the second closest call was 3F above a record on several occasions. In addition there were three "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 1.83. A coldest since (8F) shared with 1955 was removed on Feb 4, 2023 by a colder reading in 2023 (3F) after the record low (0F) set in 1886 and 1918. coldest since _____ 1996 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 6, 1896 (-2F) ______ 6 _____ 1912, 2018 ___ 0.33 Feb 5, 1918 (-6F) ______ 5 ________ -- -- _______ 1.33 Nov 15, 1967 (20F) ___ 28 _______ 2018 ______ 2.83 (records in 1996 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 8 ___(24) __(14) _____not records in 1996 (1883 _23F, 8F) Mar 9 ____24 __ 11 ______1932 _ 28F, 1883 _14F __ eventual record low max & min _ 1.0, 1.0 __ 1.0, 1.0 Apr 9 ____(40) __(33) ____ not records in 1996 (1885, 1982, 2003 _39F; 1977 _25F) May 16 __(54) __ (50) ____ not records in 1996 (1888 _52F, 1878 _42F ) _ min 14th 43F June 30 __(67) __ (61) ____ not records in 1996 (1967 _65F, 1919 _53F) July 23 ___ 70 __ (64) _____t1894,1909,69,92 __ eventual record low maximum (t1894,1909,1969,1992)_1.2, 1.2 Aug 13 ___(69) __ (61) ____ not records in 1996 (1873 & 1934 _68F; 1930 _55F) Oct 4 _____(53) __ (40) ____ not records in 1996 (1883 _51F, 1888 _37F) 1997 __ A rather warm year in general, 1997 had no record low maxima. The closest approach was 1F on July 24th (68F). A second near miss by 2F occurred on Aug 20th (70F). There was one tied record low minimum for a count of 0.33. There were six "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 3.83. coldest since _____ 1997 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 19, 1994 (-2F) _____ 4 ________ -- -- _______ 1.0 Apr 9, 1977 (25F) _____ 30 _______ 2000 ______1.5 July 24, 1893 (56F) ____58 _______ 2007 ______ 2.0 July 25, 1953 (57F) ____59 _______ 1974 ______ 2.5 Sep 4, 1872,83 (47F) __ 52 ______ -- -- ________ 3.5 Oct 23, 1969 (32F) ____ 37 ____ 1980, 2003 __ 3.83 (records in 1997 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 10 ___(42) __ 27 _____t1974,85 _27F ____ eventual record low minimum (t1974,85) ____ __ 0.33, 0.33 Jul 24 ____ (68) __(58) _____not records in 1997 (1903 _67F, 1893 _56F) Jul 25 ____ (79) __(59) _____not records in 1997 (1871 & 1902 _69F, later 2013 _68F, 1953 _57F) Aug 20 ___(70) __(60) _____not records in 1997 (1990 _68F, 1949 _55F) 1998 _ It was a very warm year on average although the summer was closer to normal and sometimes rather chilly. This year joined 1991 as the only two so far with no record low maxima or minima, and also had no "coldest since" record lows. The closest approach to a record low maximum was on July 8th when a high of 69F was 2F above the 1894 record. This changed to 3F when 2005 was colder at 66F. That was equalled on June 12th (65F, 1924 record 62F) and Aug 19th (73F, record 70F from 1881 and 1946). March 11th and 12th were 4F and 5F above daily record low maxima. For the minima, the closest approach was 3F on Aug 20th (58F, record was 55F in 1949). No table is required for 1998; the minimum on July 8th was 64F (56F the record also in 1894, 2005 recorded 62F). There were several quite cool nights in early June in the range of 5 to 7 deg above previous record lows. Every minimum June 2nd to 10th was in the mid-50s. (F) (table would read July 8 __ (69) _ (64) ____ not records in 1998 (1894 _67F, later 2005 _66F; 1894 _56F)) 1999 _ This was another quite warm year. It has the last instance of a low maximum record that would later be broken (64F, Aug 21, 2007 replaced with 59F). This large shift means that now, three other days share the smallest departures from record low maxima (3F): July 14th (76F, record 73F), Sep 22nd (58F) and Oct 5th (53F). October 7th gave 1999 a count of 0.5 for a tied minimum (39F). Otherwise the closest approach to a record low minimum was within 4F (July 11th, 61F). There were no "coldest since" record low minima in 1999, the first time that two consecutive years failed to produce one (as of end of data) since 1907-09 were all shut out (1907 mainly because it was so cold that it set numerous records rather than going coldest since). There have not been two more consecutive years without coldest since (as seen from 2022). 2010 and 2012 are the only other years yet to come that will not record any. A minimum of 9F on Jan 2nd was within 2F of the coldest since value (7F in 1922) for the daily record of 2F (1918). (no "coldest since" record low minima) ... (records in 1999 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Aug 21___ 64*__ (59) _____1956_65F _______ 2007 _59F (* last record broken in series) ___ 1.0, 0.0 Oct 7 _____(53) __ 39 _____tied 1954 _39F __ eventual record low minimum (t1954)____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.5 2000 _ Some parts of the year were quite cool relative to normal values, in particular the summer and autumn. This allowed the production of 3.5 record low maxima, a value not repeated in any later year (from now on, no new records set have yet been broken, so that survival rates are always 100% for those years that have any records). In addition there were a number of near-misses as shown in the table of records. For record low minima, the year produced none but it did have five days within 1F which were Apr 27th, Sep 5th, Sep 29th, Oct 9th and 10th, for which further details appear in the table. In addition, nine "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 6.833 make 2000 the most productive year since the record holders 1967 and 1976, later to be equalled by 2018 (with eight days, same count). Details for 2000 follow: coldest since _____ 1997 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 18, 1982 (0F) ________ 3 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Apr 9, 1977 (25F) _______ 30 _____ 1997 _____ 1.5 Apr 27, 1932 (36F) ______37 ___ 1933, 1967 __1.83 June 6, 1945 (47F) ______50 _______ -- -- ______ 2.83 July 8, 1894 (56F) _______58 ______ 2009 _____ 3.33 Sep 5, 1963 (51F) _______ 52 ______ -- -- _______ 4.33 Sep 29, 1888,1914,42 (42F)_ 43 ______ -- -- _______ 5.33 Oct 9, 1888, 1988 (37F) _ 38 ______ -- -- _______ 6.33 Oct 10, 1888 (35F) ______ 36 ______1925 ______6.83 (records in 2000 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 27 ___(52) __(37) ____ not records in 2000 (1874 _42F, 1932 _36F) May 20 ___ 51 __ (46) ____ tied 1957 _51F____eventual record low maximum (t1957) _ 0.5, 0.5 June 7 ____(73) __(49) ____ not records in 2000 (1891 & 1905 _61F, 1879 _47F) _ max 6th was 60F June 14 ___(61) __(53) ____ not records in 2000 (1907 _59F, 1875 _49F) July 8 _____(79) __(58) ____ not records in 2000 (1897 _67F, later 2005 _66F, 1894 _56F) July 19 ____ 69 __ (61) _____1873 _70F _______ eventual record low maximum __________ 1.5, 1.5 July 26 ____ 71 __ (63)______tied 1901 _71F __ eventual record low maximum (t1901) _ 2.0, 2.0 July 27 ____ 68 __ (65) _____ tied 1897 _68F ___eventual record low maximum (t1897) _ 2.5, 2.5 Aug 14 ___ (68) __(64) ____ not records in 2000 (1873 & 1919 _66F, 1964 _54F) Sep 5 _____(67) __(52) ____ not records in 2000 (1926 _62F, 1963 _51F) Sep 26 ____54 __ (50) _____ 1887 _56F ________ eventual record low maximum __________3.5, 3.5 Sep 29 ____(59) __(43) ____ not records in 2000 (1888 _53F ; 1888, 1914, 1942 _42F) Oct 9 _____(50) __(38) ____ not records in 2000 (1888 _43F, 1888 & 1988 _37F) Oct 10 ____(50) __(36) ____ not records in 2000 (1925 _43F, 1888 _35F) Summary of records set in the decade 1991-2000 The pace of records begins to fade with two years out of these ten failing to produce any records at all. From 9.95 record low maxima, 8.9 have survived. One (in 1999) was broken in 2007, and another tied record received one more later tie (out of five), which is the full loss of 1.05 records (and the last of these, the next two decades will retain all their records). At random these numbers would be 29 and 24. There was, however, a significant number (13) "near miss" 1 or 2 F short of being record tying temperatures. Most would probably have qualified in the absence of the large urban heat island effect. They bring the production up to about random expectation so that we could hypothesize that most of the absence of record low maxima in the decade was caused by the urban heat island. However, 1994, 1996 and 2000 were more prolific than most other years. The count of record low minima was even weaker at 7.08 (all have survived, 1986 being the last instance of a non-surviving share of a record low minimum). Add to those 17 more near miss situations (within 1 or 2 F) and the total begins to look more similar to random expectation; however, 2000 provided almost half of those extra cases. There were 28.08 "coldest since" record low minima bringing the total recorded to 303.5. That would be out of 355 records now set. That includes 352 fully set, five with further ties to come, so the ratio for "coldest since" is actually 303.5 out of 352 possible; almost one sixth of the "coldest since" values are yet to be recorded as of 2000, with only 14/60 of them due to the record not being yet fully established. The dates for which records in 2000 would later be broken (or tied*) are as follows: Jan 7th, 16th*, Feb 14th and 20th, March 3rd* May 8th, 9th and 22nd*, July 2nd*, Nov 8th* and Nov 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th, with December fully set including ties. __ Log of records for 2001-2010 __ 2001 _ This was quite a warm year generally speaking, and had only a few brief cool spells. There were no record low maxima, the closest approach being 2F with 37F on March 26th. The second closest was 3F on Sep 30th (55F). There was one tied record low minimum, 56F on July 2nd, and a near miss of 2F on October 8th (39F). In addition, four "coldest since" record low minima gave a count of 2.5 for the year. Details follow: coldest since _____ 2001 value __ tied by ___ count July 3, 1933 (54F) _____ 58 _______ 1940 _____ 0.5 July 6, 1979 (54F) _____ 61 _______ 2006 _____ 1.0 Oct 7, 1954,99 (39F) __ 44 _______ 2008 _____ 1.5 Oct 8, 1988 (37F) _____ 39 _______ -- -- _______ 2.5 (records in 2001 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 26 __(37) __(27) _____ not records in 2001 (1872,1937,1947 _35F; 1960 _20F) _ min 24F on 27th July 2 ___ (73) __ 56 ______ tied 1888 _56F ____ eventual record low minimum (t1888) __ ____ ____ _ 0.5, 0.5 Sep 30 __(55) __(50) _____ not records in 2001 (1888 _52F, 1912 _39F) Oct 8 ___ (53) __(39) _____ not records in 2001 (1988 _45F, 37F) 2002 _ Although a rather warm year, 2002 had a few cold spells, most notably mid-May. That produced the closest approach to a low maximum record on May 18th (2F), a similar close approach to a record low minimum also on the 18th, and one tied record low minimum (43F on May 20th, tied 1907), with another near miss of 2F on the 21st for the minimum. Mid-June had some cool days (63F) within 3-4 F of records, and July 26th (71F) was also within 2F of the low maximum just tied the previous year. Aug 29th (65F) was also within 2F of the record low maximum. Oct 29 to Nov 2 was also rather chilly. After the tied record low minimum and adjacent 2F close approaches, the next closest approach was 3F on May 19th, which was one of four "coldest since" record low minima in 2002, for a count of 2.833. Details follow: coldest since _____ 2002 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 7, 1982 (21F) _____ 30 _______ 2003 ______ 0.5 May 19, 1976 (38F) ___ 41 _______ -- -- ________ 1.5 May 21, 1907 (40F) ___ 42 _______ -- -- ________ 2.5 Oct 24, 1969 (31F) ____ 36 ___ 1978, 2003 ____2.83 (records in 2002 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 18 ___(55) __(43) ____ not records in 2002 (1881 _53F, 1973 _41F ) May 20 ___(58) __ 43 _____tied 1907 _43F ____ eventual record low minimum (t1907) __ ____ ____ _ 0.5, 0.5 July 26 ___ (71) __ (64) ____ not records in 2002 (1901 & 2000 _69F, 1920 _55F) Aug 29 ___ (65) __ (60) ____ not records in 2002 (1903 _63F, 1965, 82, 86 _50F) 2003 _ The winter turned quite cold with numerous near-record lows mid-February to mid-March as shown. It stayed cold into April with two more tied record low maxima added (37F Apr 8th, 39F Apr 9th), and later June 21st tied a record set in 1958 (63F), giving a count for the year of 1.17. In that same interval a sixth share of the March 3rd tied record low minimum completed that record (count 0.167). May 22-23 saw a return to cold with two near records. Sep 2 was also nearly record cold. Other portions of the year were closer to long term averages but it was seldom warmer than normal by any large amount. In addition, there were six "coldest since" record low minima, but the count was only 2.417. coldest since _____ 2003 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 7, 1982 (21F) _____ 30 _______ 2002 ______ 0.5 June 2nd* (sev'l_48F) __ 50 _______ 2015 ______ 1.0 June 17, 1926 (51F) ____53 ____ 1959, 64, 65 __1.25 Oct 3, 1888,99,1974 (38F) _ 41 _____ 1975 _____ 1.75 Oct 23, 1969 (32F) _____ 37 _____ 1980, 1997 _ 2.08 Oct 24, 1969 (31F) _____ 34 _____ 1978, 2002 _ 2.417 * June 2nd record shared by 1880, 1907, 1929, 1945, and 1946. (records in 2003 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 16 ___(15) __( 8.) ____ not records in 2003 (1904 _11F, 1888 _1F) Feb 26 ___(22) __(16) ____ not records in 2003 (1900 _19F, Mar 3 ____(39) __ 11 ______t1925,38,43,50,62 ___ eventual record low minimum ** ___ ____ ____ __ 0.17, 0.17 Mar 10 __ (29) __ (19) ____ not records in 2003 (1987 _28F, 1929 _12F) Apr 8_____ 37 __ (31) _____ t1916,56 _40F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1916,2003) _0.33, 0.33 Apr 9 ____ 39 __ (35) _____ t1885,1982 _39F __ eventual record low maximum (t1885, 1982) _0.67, 0.67 May 23 __ (56) __(50) _____ not records in 2003 (1894 _54F, 1963 _43F) May 24 __ (56) __(51) _____ not records in 2003 (1982 _55F, 1963 _39F) June 2 ____(72) __(50) _____ not records in 2003 (1907 & 1946 _52F ; 1880,1907,29,45,46 _ 48F) _ max 1st 65F June 4 ____(57) __(50) _____ not records in 2003 (1945 _52F, 1926 _48F) June 17 __ (67) __(53) _____ not records in 2003 (1959 _61F, 1926 _51F) June 21 __ 63 __ (59) _____ tied 1958 _63F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1958) __ 1.17, 1.17 Sep 2 ____ (63) __(59) _____ not records in 2003 (1869 _62F, 1886 _51F) ___________________________________________ ** this now completed, six-way tie 1925, 1938, 1943, 1950, 1962, 2003 (11F) 2004 _ January was cold and set a few records or near misses. Much of the rest of the year was warmer than average and cold days were infrequent. The counts for record low maxima (0.33) and minima (0.5) are joined by just a few near misses. There were also three "coldest since" record low minima (count also 3.0). Details follow: coldest since _____ 2004 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 10, 1875 (-3F) ______ 1 _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Jan 15, 1957 (0F) _______ 2 _______ -- -- ______ 2.0 Aug 7, 1994 (57F) _____ 59 _______ -- -- ______ 3.0 (records in 2004 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 10 ____(15) __( 1) ____ not records in 2004 (1875 _13F, -3F) Jan 14 ____ 17 __ ( 9) _____t1893, 1988 _17F ___eventual record low maximum (t1893, 1988) _ 0.33, 0.33 Jan 15 ____(18) __( 2) ____ not records in 2004 (1957 _12F, 0F) Jan 16 ____(24) ___ 1 ______tied 1893 _1F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1893) ___ ____ ____ _ 0.5, 0.5 July 13 ___ (69) __(63) ____ not records in 2004 (1964 _67F, 1888 _54F) Aug 7 ____ (70) __(59) ____ not records in 2004 (1975 _64F, 1994 _57F) Nov 10 ___(44) __(29) ____ not records in 2004 (1873 _38F, 1914 _27F, later 2017 _25F) 2005 _ January was quite cold but did not quite get into record range. Much of the year was very warm, with brief cold spells. One record low maximum was set on July 8th (66F), for a count of 1.0, and low minima came within 2F on Dec 14th. There were three "coldest since" record low minima with a count of 2.0. Details follow: coldest since _____ 2005 value __ tied by ___ count May 20, 1907,2002 (43F) _ 48 ____ 2008 _____ 0.5 Nov 25, 1938 (19F) ______ 22 _____ -- -- _____ 1.5 Dec 14, 1976 (12F) ______ 14 ____ 1989 _____ 2.0 (records in 2005 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) July 7 ____(73) __(65) ____ not records in 2005 (1914,43,87 _73F, 1914 _56F) July 8 ____ 66 __ (62) ____ 1894 _67F ___________ eventual record low maximum ___ 1.0, 1.0 Dec 14 __ (24) __(14) ____ not records in 2005 (1902 _21F, 1976 _12F) 2006 _ This was often quite a warm year and it became the third year (after 1991 and 1998) without record low temperatures; however, there were two "coldest since" a record low with a count of 1.5. Both followed record lows set last in 1979. The closest approaches to record low maxima were 4F on June 7th (65F) and Sep 2nd (66F). The closest approach to a record low minimum was 2F on May 23rd (45F). Details follow: coldest since _____ 2006 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 18, 1979 (0F) _____ 15 ______ -- -- _______1.0 July 6, 1979 (54F) _____ 61 ______ 2001 _____ 1.5 (records in 2006 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 23 ___(68) __(45) ____ not records in 2006 (1982 _55F, 1963 _43F) 2007 _ This was frequently a rather cool year with a four-day remarkable cool interval from Aug 19th to 22nd during which a monthly record low maximum (59F) was set. The count for record low maxima was 2.0. There were quite a few near misses as well. A four-day cold snap March 6-9 was notably cold for the christmas pudding. The closest approach to a record low minimum was 1F on July 2nd (57F) and Aug 11th (57F). In addition there were six "coldest since" record low minima with a count of 4.5. Details follow: coldest since _____ 2007 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 7, 1890 (7F) ______ 12 _______ 1913 ______ 0.5 Mar 9, 1996 (11F) _____ 13 _______ -- -- _______ 1.5 Apr 8, 1982 (25F) ______30 _______ -- -- _______ 2.5 July 2, 1888,2001 (56F) _57 ______ -- -- _______ 3.5 July 24, 1893 (56F) ____ 58 ______ 1997 ______ 4.0 Aug 11, 1962 (56F) ____ 57 ______ 1972 ______ 4.5 (records in 2007 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 6 ___ (21) __(11) _____not records in 2007 (1901 _17F, 1872 _5F) Mar 7 ___ (23) __(12) _____not records in 2007 (1913 _20F, 1890 _7F) Mar 9 ___ (35) __(13) _____not records in 2007 (1996 _24F, 12F) May 18 __(54) __(48) _____not records in 2007 (1881 _53F, 1973 _41F) July 2 ____(74) __(57) _____not records in 2007 (1891 _67F, 1888 & 2001 _56F) July 23 ___(72) __(60) _____not records in 2007 (1894,1909,69,92,96 _70F, 1871 & 1890 _58F) July 24 ___(81) __(58) _____not records in 2007 (1904 _67F, 1893 _56F) Aug 10 ___(72) __(57) _____not records in 2007 (1962 _60F, 1879 _55F) Aug 11 ___(81) __(57) _____not records in 2007 (1931,33,62 _68F, 1962 _56F) Aug 19 __ (71) __(60) _____not records in 2007 (1881 & 1946 _70F, 1924 _55F) Aug 20 __ (69) __(58) _____not records in 2007 (1990 _68F, 1949 _55F) Aug 21 ___ 59 __ (56) _____1999_64F _______ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 Aug 22 ___ 65 __ (56) ____ 1965 _68F _______ eventual record low maximum ____ 2.0, 2.0 2008 _ Although not a remarkably warm year, 2008 became the fourth in the series to produce no record low maxima or minima (following 1991, 1998, and 2006). The closest approach to a record low maximum was 3F on Oct 29th (46F). The closest approach to record low minima was also 3F but was shared by two days, Aug 11th (59F) and Aug 20th (58F). From three "coldest since" record low minima, the count was 2.0. coldest since _____ 2008 value __ tied by ___ count May 20, 1907,2002 (43F) __ 48 _____ 2005 _____ 0.5 Aug 9, 1919, 89 (57F) _____63 _____ -- -- _______ 1.5 Oct 7, 1954, 99 (37F) _____ 44 _____ 2001 _____ 2.0 (closest approach to records in 2008 ... all in italics missed by 3F) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Aug 11 ___(73) __ (59) ____ not records in 2008 (1931,33,62 _68F, 1962 _56F) Aug 20 ___(78) __ (58) ____ not records in 2008 (1990 _68F, 1949 _55F) Oct 29 ___(46) __ (38) ____ not records in 2008 (1909,25,52 _43F, 1925 _31F) 2009 _ It was occasionally rather cold in the winter and spring, and cool through the summer, with a more significant cold spell in mid-October. There were three days with record low maxima (count 1.67 due to two being third ties); two were in the interval of Oct 15th-18th which also had two near misses of 1F. There were no record low minima, the closest approach was 1F on March 3rd (12F). From four "coldest since" record low minima, the count is 3.5. coldest since _____ 2009 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 16, 1893, 2004 (1F) __ 9 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Mar 3, sev'l* (11F) ______12 ______ -- -- ______ 2.0 _ * see note with records July 5, 1979 (53F) ______ 61 ______ -- -- ______ 3.0 July 8, 1894 (56F) ______ 58 ______ 2000 _____3.5 (records in 2009 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 16 ___ (16) __( 9) ____ not records in 2009 (1920 _14F, 1893 & 2004 _1F) Mar 3 ____ 26 __ (12)*____ t1943,50 _26F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1943,50) _ 0.33, 0.33 June 18 __(64) __(60) ____ not records in 2009 (1920 _63F, 1950 _48F) July 8 ____(77) __ (58) ____ not records in 2009 (2005 _66F, 1894 _56F) Oct 15 ___(47) __(37) ____ not records in 2009 (1876 _46F, 32F) Oct 16 ___ 46 __ (37) _____1886,93 _47F ______ eventual record low maximum ________0.67, 0.67 Oct 17 ___(48) __(42) ____ not records in 2009 (1970 _47F, 1886 _33F) Oct 18 ___ 45 __ (41) _____ 1909 _48F _________ eventual record low maximum ________1.67, 1.67 ____________________________ * min 12F on Mar 3rd was within 1F of tied record low 11F (1925,38,43,50,62,2003). 2010 _ Temperatures were often well above normal values. Parts of late January and mid-May, mid-December were cold but there were no record low maxima or minima for the fifth time (1991, 1998, 2006, 2008). The closest approach for low maxima was 1F on May 12th (48F) with Dec 14th (23F) within 2F. The closest approach to a record low minimum was 4F degrees, also on May 12th, as well as May 13th. 2010 was also the third year (1991, 1998) with both no record lows and no "coldest since" record low minima. (near records in 2010 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 12 ___ (48) __(44) ____ not records in 2010 (1882 _47F, 1874 & 1907 _40F) Dec 14 ____(23) __(19) ____ not records in 2010 (1902 _21F, 1976 _12F) Summary of records set in the decade 2001-2010 The pace of records stayed low, comparable to the previous decade, in this generally warm decade. There were 6.83 record low maxima, all have survived. At random these numbers would be 27 and 24. There was, however, a significant number (19) "near miss" 1 or 2 F short of being record tying temperatures. Most would probably have qualified in the absence of the large urban heat island effect. They once again bring the production up to about random expectation so that we could continue to hypothesize that most of the absence of record low maxima in the decade was caused by the urban heat island. Several years were however quite weak producers of cold weather even with that advantage added. The count of record low minima was much weaker at 1.67 (all have survived) and there were none after 2004 (an absence which would last until January, 2014). However, if we add to those 15 more near miss situations (within 1 or 2 F) the total begins to look somewhat closer to random expectation; it could be stated that a 3F advantage is needed to restore the count of near-record low minima to the long-term average. There were 24.25 "coldest since" record low minima bringing the total recorded to 327.75. That would be out of 355.5 records now set. That includes 355 fully set, one with a tie to come (Nov 8), so the ratio for "coldest since" is actually 327.75 out of 355 possible; almost one tenth of the "coldest since" values are yet to be recorded as of 2000, with 11 of 36 of them due to the record not being yet fully established. The dates for which records in 2010 would later be broken (or tied*) are as follows: Jan 7th, Feb 14th and 20th, May 8th, 9th, Nov 8th* and Nov 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th, with December fully set including ties. 2011 _ This was often a very warm year. For the second consecutive year, there were no record low maxima or minima. This was the sixth such year (1991, 1998, 2006, 2008, 2010 also had no records). Unlike some, 2011 did have one "coldest since" a daily record low. The closest approach to any record low maximum was 2F on Oct 29th (45F), the occasion of the "Hallowe'en snowstorm" that set a one-day snowfall record for October at NYC. The closest approach to any record low minimum was also 2F on the same date (33F) and the following (Oct 30th, also 33F). The one "coldest since" was the 28th of October, details below: coldest since _____ 2011 value __ tied by ___ count Oct 28, 1976 (29F) _____ 36 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 (Oct 29 and 30 were both prevented from "coldest since" status by days with 32F minima, 1933,1965 on 29th, and 1928 on 30th) (near records in 2011 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Oct 29 ___ (45) __ (33) ____ not records in 2011 (1909,25,52 _43F, 1925 _31F) Oct 30 ___ (46) __ (33) ____ not records in 2011 (1925 _38F, 31F) 2012 _ This year continued mostly very warm (March in particular) but there were relatively colder days in the summer and autumn at times. There was only one record maximum, a fourth tie for Nov 7th (41F) so the count is 0.25. Nov 6th and 8th were also quite cold as shown. There were no record low minima and the closest approach was 2F on June 26th (58F) and again on Nov 7th (31F). coldest since _____ 2012 value __ tied by ___ count (records in 2012 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 26 __(72) __(58) _____ not records in 2012 (1893 _63F ; 1893,1974,1979 _58F) July 20 __ (72) __(61) _____ not records in 2012 (1869 _69F, 1890, 61F) Nov 6 ___ (42) __(31) _____ not records in 2012 (1878 & 1953 _38F, 1879 _27F) Nov 7 ___ 41 __ (31)*_____t1886,1903,27,2012 __ eventual record low maximum (t1886,1903,1927) _ 0.25, 0.25 Nov 8 ___ (48) __(32) _____ not records in 2012 (1886 _38F, 1886 & 2019 _29F) ______________________ * Min Nov 7th (31F) was within 2F of record 29F set in 1930. 2013 _ This was a generally rather warm year with only brief cold spells. There were two days with record low maxima, July 25th (68F), and Nov 24th (30F tied 1880), the count was 1.5. There was also one near miss by 2F on June 7th. If that had been a record it would have brought the count to 2.5 which is the random expectation at this late stage (2.4 is where it finishes by 2022). There were no record low minima and the closest approach was 2F on May 14th (42F). That was one of three "coldest since" record low minima and the count for those was 2.5. coldest since _____ 2013 value __ tied by ___ count May 14, 1878 (40F) ____ 42 ______ 1920 _____ 0.5 Aug 15, 1964 (54F) ____ 59 _______ -- -- ______ 1.5 Sep 18, 1990 (44F) ____ 51 _______ -- -- ______ 2.5 (records in 2013 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 14 __ (61) __ (42) ____ not records in 2013 (1882 _50F, 1878 _40F) June 7 ____(63) __(59) ____ not records in 2013 (1891 & 1905 _61F, 1879 _47F) July 25 ____68 __ (64) _____1871, 1902 _69F ___ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 Nov 24____30 __ (23) _____ tied 1880_30F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1880) _ 1.5, 1.5 2014 _ This year brought the first of the two consecutive "polar vortex" years to the region, and temperatures stayed relatively low Jan to Mar, then mostly moderately warm at times for the rest of the year. Despite the first quarter chill, there were no record low maxima, the closest approach being 1F on Mar 26th (36F). Also there was one record low minimum on Jan 7th (4F), the first since Jan 16th, 2004, almost ten years elapsed without one. It would be necessary to go as far back as Mar 1996 to find the last set full record low, anything that occurred 1997 to 2004 was a tie of an already-set record low minimum. The second longest interval with no record low minimum set was 2.5 years from Sep 27, 1957 to Mar 12, 1960 (there are now longer intervals without surviving record low minima). There were in addition six "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 4.75 in 2014. coldest since _____ 2014 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 22, 1888 (0F) ______ 5 ___ 1924,70,76 ___ 0.25 Feb 28, 1934 (5F) ______9 _______ -- -- _______ 1.25 Mar 26, 1960 (20F) ____24 ______ -- -- _______ 2.25 Mar 27, 1894 (20F) ____22 ______ 1915 ______2.75 Apr 15, 1943 (28F) ____ 33 ______ -- -- _______ 3.75 Nov 19, 1936 (18F) ____22 ______ -- -- _______ 4.75 (records in 2014 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 7 _____(19)*___ 4 _____1896 _6F __________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Jan 22 ____(17) ___( 5) ____ not records in 2014 (1888 _14F, 0F) Mar 26 ___(36) __ (24) ____ not records in 2014 (1872, 1937, 1947 _35F; 1960 _20F) Mar 27 ___(44) __ (22) ____ not records in 2014 (1894 _30F, 20F) Apr 16 ___ (49) __ (31) ____ not records in 2014 (1872 _39F, 1928 _29F) _________________________________ * Max of 19F on Jan 7th within 2F of record low maximum for date, 17F (1878). 2015 _ The second polar vortex winter was even colder especially in February but there were mostly "near miss" type results with one new record low minimum (2F on Feb 20th). The rest of the year took considerable time to warm up relatively, but ended with a record warm December. There was one record low maximum (58F on June 1st, tied 1945) for a count of 0.5, with 55F on the 2nd as noted not a record, and also the count of 1.0 for the record low minimum. In addition, there were four "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 2.5. Details follow: coldest since _____ 2015 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 15, 1943 (-8F) ______ 4 ______ 1987 ______ 0.5 Feb 19, 1936 (1F) _______ 9 ______ -- -- _______ 1.5 Feb 23, 1889 (5F) _______ 8 ______ 1914 _____ 2.0 June 2, sev'l yrs (48F) ___ 50 _____ 2003 ______2.5 (in addition, Feb 16, 2015 (3F) was only 1F higher than the "coldest since" of 2F in 1904 and 4F on Feb 24th the coldest since 1914). (records in 2015 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 20 ___(19) ___ 2 ______1950 _7F ________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 June 1 ____ 58 __ (51) _____tied 1945 _58F __ eventual record low maximum (t1945)_ 0.5, 0.5 June 2 ____(55) __ (50) ____ not records in 2015 (1907 & 1946 _52F; sev'l yrs _48F) 2016 _ The mild winter continued to mid-January after which there was both a record snowfall (Jan 23rd) and a record low minimum (Feb 14th -1F). After that, much of 2016 was rather warm with very infrequent below normal temperatures. The closest approach of any low maximum to a record was also on Feb 14th (15F) within 3F deg of the 1916 record. In addition, there were two "coldest since" record low minima, count 1.33. Details follow: coldest since _____ 2016 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 10, 1974,85,97 (28F) _ 31 _____ -- -- ______ 1.0 May 16, 1878 (42F) ____ 43 _____ 1959,83 ___ 1.33 (records in 2016 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 14 ___(15)*__ -1 _____ 1916 _ 2F __________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 May 16 __(66) __(38) ____ not records in 2016 (1888 _52F, 1878 _42F) _ max 59F on 15th. ___________________________ * Max of 15F on Feb 14th closest to any record low maximum (3F higher than 12F in 1916). 2017 _ This was a sometimes quite cold year with one day reaching record low maximum status (count 0.25) but four more "near misses" of 1 or 2 F, and several more within 3 or 4 F (not shown). There was a brief cold snap overnight Nov 10-11, setting only low minimum records (count 2.0). Again, there were several other minima within 3 to 5 degrees but none within 1-2F of records. In addition, there were two "coldest since" record lows, count 2.0; details follow: coldest since _____ 2017 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 15, 1993 (14F) ____ 20 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 June 28, 1888,93,1915,95 (54F) _ 61___-- -- ______ 2.0 (records in 2017 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by _______ count (max, min) Mar 11___(29) __(17) ____ not records in 2017 (1885 _28F, 1960 _14F) Mar 15___(26) __(20) ____ not records in 2017 (1900 _24F, 1993 _14F) June 6 ___(58) __(52) ____ not records in 2017 (1894 _56F, 1945 _47F) July 14 ___ 73 __ (65) ____ t1884,1960,63 _73F __ eventual record low maximum (t1884,1960,1963) _0.25, 0.25 Nov 10___(51) __ 25 _____ 1914 _27F __________eventual record low minimum _____________ ____ ____ _ 1.0, 1.0 Nov 11 __ (38) __ 24 _____ 1873,1926,33 _28F __ eventual record low minimum _____________ ____ ____ _ 2.0, 2.0 Dec 28 __ (18) __(11) ____ not records in 2017 (1894 _17F, 1917 _8F) 2018 _ Although sometimes rather cold, especially in January and November, 2018 became the seventh and last (so far) year not to set any record low maxima or minima. The closest approach to a low maximum record was 1F on Jan 6th and 7th (13F, 18F) and on Sep 9th (62F). There were two other days within 2F and one within 3F of record low maxima. The closest approach to a record low minimum was 1F on Jan 7th (5F) and again on Nov 23rd (15F). In addition, there were eight "coldest since" record low minima, for a count of 6.833, the highest in recent years. Some were fairly impressive such as close approaches to the Nov 1880 record cold. Details follow: coldest since _____ 2018 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 1, 1918 (-4F) ______ 7 ______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Jan 6, 1896 (-2F) ______ 6 _____ 1912,96 ___ 1.33 Jan 7, 2014 (4F) _______ 5 ______ -- -- _______2.33 Nov 10, 2017 (25F) ___34 ______ -- -- _______3.33 Nov 11, 2017 (24F) ___33 ______ -- -- _______4.33 Nov 15, 1967 (20F) ___28 ______ 1996 _____4.83 Nov 22, 1880 (13F) ___ 17 ______ -- -- ______5.83 Nov 23, 1880 (14F) ___ 15 ______ -- -- ______6.83 (records in 2018 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 6 ____ (13) __ ( 6) ____ not records in 2018 (1896 _12F, -2F) Jan 7 ____ (18) __ ( 5) ____ not records in 2018 (1878 _17F, 2014 _4F) Apr 15 ___(44) __(38) ____not records in 2018 (1885 & 1943 _41F, 1943 _28F) Aug 19 ___(72) __(67) ____not records in 2018 (1881 & 1946 _70F, 1924 _55F) Sep 9 ____ (62) __(55) ____not records in 2018 (1880 & 1883 _61F, 1883 _48F) Sep 10 ___(64) __(54) ____not records in 2018 (1883 _62F, 43F) Nov 22 ___(28) __(17) ____not records in 2018 (1880 _23F, 13F) Nov 23 ___(32) __(15) ____not records in 2018 (1880 _25F, 14F) 2019 _ This was a variable year for temperatures and had its share of cold spells. These set 1.5 daily low maxima, and 2.5 daily low minima. Cold spells in late January and mid-November were most impressive. In addition there were four "coldest since" record low minima, for a count of 4.0. coldest since _____ 2019 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 20, 1994 (0F) ______ 14 _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Jan 21, 1985 (-2F) ______ 4 _______ -- -- ______ 2.0 May 15, 1920,47 (42F) _ 44 _______ -- -- ______ 3.0 Nov 9, 1976 (24F) _____ 27 _______ -- -- ______ 4.0 (records in 2019 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 21 ___ 14 __ ( 4) _____ not records in 2019 (1985, 9F, -2F) Jan 31 ___ 16 __ ( 2) _____ tied 1935 _16F _____ eventual record low maximum (t1935) __ 0.5, 0.5 May 12 __(59) __(43) ____not records in 2019 (1882 _47F, 1874 & 1907 _40F) May 13 __ 48 __ (42) _____1914 _49F __________ eventual record low maximum ______ 1.5, 1.5 May 14 __(52) __(44) ____ not records in 2019 (1882 _50F, 1878 _40F) May 15 __(69) __(44) ____ not records in 2019 (1878 _50F, 1920 & 1947 _42F) Nov 8 ____(41) __ 29 ____tied 1886 _29F ______eventual record low minimum (t1886) __ ____ ____ _ 0.5, 0.5 Nov 9 ____(41) __ (27) ____ not records in 2019 (1894 _37F, 1976 _24F) Nov 12 ___(57) __ 25 ____ 1925 _26F ___________eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ _ 1.5, 1.5 Nov 13 ___(34)*__23 ____ 1986 _24F __________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ _ 2.5, 2.5 _______________________________ * Max Nov 13th (34F) was 1F above record low maximum 33F (1911). 2020 _ While large portions of this year were quite warm, early May was unusually cold, in particular the night of May 8-9 which created two daily record low minima. There were no daily low maxima, the closest approach was within 3F on Nov 2 (44F) and also Nov 18 (36F). Between those two cold days came a week of record warmth with highs into the mid-70s. In addition there were four "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 3.5. However, one of these is weak, due to 2019 being the record and 2021 the only other year that could set this mark (which it did for Nov 8 and 13). coldest since _____ 2020 value __ tied by ___ count May 10, 1947,66 (36F) _ 39 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 May 13, 1895 (39F) ____41 ______ 1928 ____ 1.5 Sep 20, 1993 (44F) ____ 50 ______ -- -- ______ 2.5 Nov 12, 2019 (25F) ____46 ______ -- -- ______ 3.5 (records in 2020 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 8 ___ (57) __ 36 _____1947 _37F ________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ _ 1.0, 1.0 May 9 ___ (48) __ 34 _____1947 _35F ________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ _ 2.0, 2.0 May 13 __(64) __ (41) ____ not records in 2020 (2019 _48F, 1895 _39F) Nov 2 ____(44) __(38) _____not records in 2020 (1875 & 1895 _41F, 1887 _30F) Nov 18 __ (36) __(30) _____not records in 2020 (1914, 24, 59 _33F, 1936 _18F) Summary of records set in the decade 2011-2020 The pace of records stayed very low, even lower than previous decades, in this generally warm decade. There were 4.0 record low maxima, all have survived. At random these numbers would be 25 and 24. There was, however, a significant number (15) "near miss" 1 or 2 F short of being record tying temperatures. Most would probably have qualified in the absence of the large urban heat island effect. They do not quite bring the production up to about random expectation but we could continue to hypothesize that much of the absence of record low maxima in the decade was caused by the urban heat island. A differential of 3F would restore the count to the expected number. The count of record low minima picked up to reach 9.5 which was the highest since the 1981-1990 decade. Here again if we add near misses the total gets fairly close to random expectation. Given that there were no records until 2014, it would seem that the climate has perhaps naturally cooled somewhat in this past eight years although we are of course nowhere near being back to the "glory days" of the 1960s or earlier decades for production of record cold. There were 28.42 "coldest since" record low minima bringing the total recorded to 356.17; that would be out of 364 records set before 2020. A count of 9.83 "coldest since" that existed at the end of 2020 have been created (for the two 2020 records), replaced (six more) or tied (four more) by 2021 to June 4, 2023. There has not been a record low minimum set since May 9, 2020. A summary for the decade 2021-30 will not be possible until after 2030, but it can be noted that the decade is off to approximately the same start as recent decades on a pro-rated basis. __ Log of records for 2021-2030 __ 2021 _ In this rather warm year, one brief cold spell at the end of May managed to set 1.5 low maxima (May 29, 30 both 51F). These are impressively low daytime readings as illustrated by the fact that the June record is 52F (and May 31 57F). Otherwise there were very few cold daytime readings in 2021. July 3rd (66F) came within 2F of the record. There were no daily record low minima, the closest approach during the year was 3F on May 31st (49F) and July 31st (60F). From five (edit four now) "coldest since" record low minima, the count is 3.5. The two related to 2020 record lows were "automatic" and were challenged by 2022 and 2023 ... turns out that May 8 was removed by 45 in 2022, the 46F on May 9 survived for another challenge in 2023 which it survived. coldest since _____ 2021 value __ tied by ___ count May 8, 2020 (36F) ____ 48 _______ -- -- _______ 0.0 _ removed in 2022 May 9, 2020 (34F) ____ 46 _______ -- -- _______ 1.0 July 4, 1986 (55F) _____ 60 _______1992 _______ 1.5 Nov 8, 1886, 2019 (29F) _44 ______ -- -- _______ 2.5 Nov 13, 2019 (23F) ____40 _______ -- -- _______ 3.5 (records in 2021 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 29____51 __ (47) ______t1884 _51F _____ eventual record low maximum (t1884) _ 0.5, 0.5 May 30____51 __ (47) _____ 1884 _55F ______ eventual record low maximum __________ 1.5, 1.5 May 31 ___(70) __ (49) _____not records in 2021 (1878 & 1894 _57F, 1924,30,38 _46F) July 3 _____(66) __(59) _____ not records in 2021 (1870, 1914 _64F, 1933 _54F) July 31 ____(77) __ (60) _____ not records in 2021 (1923 _65F, 1895, 1914 _57F) 2022 _ The year had a cold January with some "coldest since" marks set, and a record low maximum on March 28th (33F) replacing 1893 (34F). A very cold Dec 24th came within 1F of breaking the low (6F in 1983) and 2F the high (13F in 1872). There have been five "coldest since" record low minima, with the count 4.5.. coldest since _____ 2022 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 14, 2016 (-1F) ____ 16 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Feb 20, 2015 (2F) _____ 21 ______ -- -- ______ 2.0 Mar 29, 1923 (10F) ____24 ______ 1959 ______ 2.5 May 8, 2020 (36F) ____ 45 _______ -- -- ______ 3.5 _ replaced 2021 June 19, 1920 (52F) ___ 54 ______ 1932 ______ 4.0 Dec 24, 1983 (6F) _____ 7 ________ -- -- ______ 5.0 _ replaced 1989 (9F) (records in 2022 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 28 _____33 __ (23) _______ 1893 _34F _______ eventual record low maximum __ 1.0, 1.0 June 19 ____(73) __(54) ___ not records in 2022 __ (1935 _59F, 1920 _52F) Dec 24 ____(15) __ ( 7) ____ records were 13 (1872) and 6 (1983) 2023 _ Two "coldest since" record lows have been registered ... two close calls for record low minima came within 1 or 2 F of records. coldest since _____ 2023 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 4, 1886, 1918 (0F) ___ 3 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 June 4, 1926 (48F) ______ 49 ___ 1929,1945 __ 1.333 Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 18 ___(61) _ 43 ____ not records in 2023 __ (1881 _53F, 1973 _41F) Jun 4 ___ (69) _ 49 ____ not records in 2023 __ (1945 _52F, 1926 _48F)

Log of Record Lows 1901-1910 For this and later decades, a log will be posted for each year, with a brief commentary, showing the new record low maxima and minima established (or tied with starter era or previous years). The count for the year will be tracked in the last two columns, the first of those two columns will track the low maxima (set in year, eventual end of record) and the second will track low minima (set in year, eventual end of record). Values in brackets were not records at the time and are shown to give context. To make the tables more readable with extra columns added, these context values are always on the same dates as the records, in some cases there may have been more extreme (but still not record) values on adjacent dates (and in other cases, these more extreme values are records so are also in the tables). Where record low max and min are set on the same day, if space permits, the two records are given their appropriate former and future reference points, unless it becomes too crowded due to ties, then a second line is used. This simultaneous readout will be apparent in two ways -- no brackets for either value, and two sets of count values. Ties beyond the starter era do not count forward (for example, if 1903 ties 1888, that is given as a count of 0.5 for 1903, but if 1947 also ties, then in 1947 the count becomes 0.33 but remains 0.5 for 1903 in terms of records established. If it is a surviving record then that would alter the count for 1903 (and 1888). The annual commentaries will show the gradually decreasing expected number of established records which was always 11.4 in the starter era for both types of records. It will now start to decrease gradually ending up at 2.4 by 2022. That latter figure is always the expected number at random for surviving records of either type. A decade summary will give the updated totals to the end of that decade, comparing trends to those established in the starter era (see last comments in previous post). 1901 _ The first year of the decade continued the trend of the late 1890s in being a rather warm year with not that many record lows. In fact the counts were just 5.33 and 2.0 for low maxima and low minima. Of those, 3.0 low maxima survived (two are ties, so four dates) and neither of the record low minima survived. There were also no "coldest since" record lows. (expected records set in the year down to 11.1). The extinction date for record low minima was June 17th, 1914. This was the earliest extinction for any year as this was the first year since 1870 not to retain any, and the 1870 extinction date was Feb 22, 1918. However 1908 set no record lows so was out before 1901. The minimum now closest to the eventual record low is the June 17 record (53F) which remains 2 Fdeg higher than the eventual mark. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 6 _____ 17 _ (12) _____1872 _22F __________ eventual record low max ___________ 1.0, 1.0 May 20 ____ 53 _ (50) ____ 1892 _55F __________ 1957, 2000 _51F _______________________ 2.0, 1.0 May 25 ____ 57 _(49) _____t1877,82 _57F ______ 1921 _52F, 1967 _46F __________________ 2.33, 1.0 May 26 ____ 53 _ (49) ____ 1888,98 _58F _______ eventual record low max tied 1907 _ 3.33, 1.5 June 17 ___ (77) _ 53 _____1871,1893 _54F _____1914_52F, 1926 _ 51F __________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 July 26 ____ 69 _ (63) _____ 1879 _72F __________ eventual record low max tied 2000 _ 4.33, 2.0 July 27 ____ (80) _61 _____1876,84,91,93_62F___1903_59F, 1920 _55F ___________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 0.0 Sep 20 ____ 59 _ (50) _____1873 _61F ___________eventual record low max ____________5.33, 3.0 1902 _ This was a somewhat colder year than some previous warm years but did not produce a lot of records either. The count of low maxima was 6.0, of which 2.0 have survived. The count of record low minima was 5.5, of which one (which tied 1884) has survived for a count of 0.5. There was also one "coldest since" a record value, that being the 8F recorded on Dec 9th (1876 had recorded 7F). Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 10 ___(54) _ 38 _______ 1900 _40F _______t1923 _38F, 1947 _35F, 2020 _34F __ ____ ____ __1.0, 0.0 May 11 ____(59) _41 ______1877, 1900 _42F ___1913 _36F __________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 0.0 May 28 ___ 52 __ 47 ______1869_ 58F _________eventual record low max ________ 1.0, 1.0 __ May 28 _ min 47 _______1884,91,94 _48F __ 1907, 61 _43F ______________________ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 0.0 May 29 ___(64) _ 43 _______1884 _43F ________ eventual record low min t1884 __ ____ ____ __3.5, 0.5 June 9 ____(70) __ 50 _______1885 _51F _______ 1913 _49F, 1980 _47F _______________ ____ ____ __ 4.5, 0.5 June 30 ___ 70 _(56) _______ 1885 _70F ________ 1927,43 _69F, 1967 _65F ___________1.5, 1.0 July 6 _____ 73 _ (65) ______ 1869,79,94 _74F __ 1914 _71F, 1956 _61F ______________ 2.5, 1.0 July 25 ____ 69 _ (65) ______ tied 1871 _________ 2013 _68F ___________________________ 3.0, 1.0 Aug 13 ___ (75) __ 57 ______ 1888 _59F ________ 1930 _55F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 5.5, 0.5 Sep 5 _____ 67 _ (56) ______ tied 1872 _________ 1926 _ 62F ___________________________ 3.5, 1.0 Oct 17 ____ 50 _ (44) ______ tied 1883 _________ 1970 _47F ____________________________ 4.5, 1.0 Dec 9 _____ 18 _ (8) _______ 1880 _22F ________ eventual record low max __________5.0, 2.0 Dec 14 ____ 21 _ (14) ______ 1888 _22F ________ eventual record low max __________6.0, 2.0 1903 _ The year turned colder after a rather non-descript winter, and June in particular was very cool, especially for daytime highs, being quite a cloudy month apparently the overnight lows were less frequently in record range. Even so, most of the numerous 1903 records (beating the starter era) were eventually replaced. Therefore from a count of 16.5 (not equalled since 1903), the eventual count is just 5.25. That is nevertheless higher than all subsequent years except 1917, 1918, and 1963. The low minimum count during the year was 7.0, of which 2.5 have survived. There was just one "coldest since" a record minimum, 36F on Oct 25th part of a five-way tie after the 1879 record of 29F, leaving a count of just 0.2. While June was exceptionally cool, the rest of the summer continued to set occasional record lows. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 18 _____ 19 _ (8) _____1900 _22F ___________ 1958 _16F ______________________________ 1.0, 0.0 Feb 19 _____ 16 _ 4 _____ 1885_19F, 1878,85 _11F _eventual record low max, (min) 1936 _1F _ 2.0, 1.0 __ 1.0, 0.0 May 2 ____ (54) _ 37 _____ tied 1874 _37F ______ eventual record low min tied 1874 ___ _________ __ 1.5, 0.5 June 15 ___ 63 _ (57) _____ 1880 _66F __________ 1916,71 _60F ____________________________ 3.0, 1.0 June 16 ___ 65 _ (58) _____ 1869 _68F __________ 1954 _64F, 1965 _62F ___________________ 4.0, 1.0 June 18 ___ 64 _ (56) _____ 1891 _65F __________ 1920 _63F _______________________________ 5.0, 1.0 June 20 ___(68) _ 52 ______ 1879 _53F __________ 1914 _49F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 0.5 June 22 ___ 64 _ (59) _____1879 _68F ___________1928, 1952_62F _________________________ 6.0, 1.0 June 23 ___ 60 _ (58) _____ 1886 _66F __________ 1918 _59F _______________________________ 7.0, 1.0 June 24 ___ 62 _ (57) _____tied 1873 _62F ______ 1940 _ 59F ______________________________ 7.5, 1.0 June 29 ___ 65 _ (61) _____ 1888 _67F __________ eventual record low max _____________ 8.5, 2.0 July 15 ____ 69 _ (60) _____ 1884 _72F __________ 1926 _67F _______________________________ 9.5, 2.0 July 16 ____(77) _ 58 ______ tied 1889 _58F _____ 1926,46 _ 49F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 0.5 July 18 ____ 71 _ (65) _____1873,81 _74F ________1910 _70F, 1962 _66F ___________________10.5, 2.0 July 27 ____ (72) _59 _____1901_61F ____________1920 _55F _______________________________ ____ ____ __ 4.0, 0.5 July 28 ____ (75) _57 _____ 1893 _59F ___________ eventual record low min _____________ ____ ____ __ 5.0, 1.5 Aug 5 _____ 68 _ (59) _____ 1869 _72F ___________eventual record low max _____________11.5, 3.0 Aug 8 _____ 69 _ 54 _____ 1874 _71F 1869 _57F _eventual records low max, min _____ 12.5, 4.0 __ 6.0, 2.5 Aug 28 ____68 _ (60) _____ t1885 _68F __________ t1885,1908,1915 _68F, 1927 _65F, 1940 _60F __ 13.0, 4.0 Aug 29 ____63 _ (59) _____1885 _68F ___________ eventual record low max _____________ 14.0, 5.0 Aug 30 ____66 _ (60) _____1891 _68F ___________ 1911 _62F _______________________________ 15.0, 5.0 Aug 31 ____65 _ (60) _____1872 _66F ___________ 1911 _59F _______________________________ 16.0, 5.0 Nov 7 _____41 _ (32) _____ tied 1886 _41F ______eventual record low max tied 1886,1927,2012 _16.5, 5.25 Nov 27 ____(29) _ 19 _____ 1871 _21F _________ t1917 _19F, 1932 _12F ____________________ ____ ____ __ 7.0, 2.5 1904 _ 1904 was one of the coldest years of the 20th century but had a relatively modest production of record lows, the more salient feature was the nearly total absence of above normal temperatures. From an original count of 7.5 low maxima, 4.0 have survived, and from the original count of 4.083 low minima, 2.0 have survived. The expectation at random has now dropped to 10 records per year (366/36). In addition, there were three instances of a minimum being "coldest since" a previous record low. These were Feb 16th (2F coldest after record 1F 1888), Apr 17th (30F was coldest after record of 27F 1875), and Apr 20th (27F was coldest after record of 24F 1897); in addition to those, 3F on Jan 18th was coldest between 1875 (1F) and 1982 (0 F), and 2F on Jan 19th was coldest between 1875 (-1F) and 1994 (-2F). The count for the "coldest since" stat is 3.0 but was 5.0 in 1981. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 4 ______14 _ 0 ______ 1877, 1882 _18F ______ eventual record low max t1981_14F__ 1.0, 0.5 __ Jan 4 __ min _ 0 ______ 1879,1882 _6F _______ 1918 _-3F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Jan 5 _____(14) __-4 ______ 1896 _6F _____________ eventual record low min ___________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 1.0 Jan 18 ____ 17 __(3) ______1875 _18F _____________1921 _16F, 1977 _13F ________________ 2.0, 0.5 Jan 19 ____ 14 _ (2) ______ 1888 _20F _____________1994 _10F _____________________________ 3.0, 0.5 Feb 16 ____ 11 _ (2) ______1888 _18F _____________eventual record low max __________ 4.0, 1.5 Feb 25 ____26 _ (12) _____ t1889 _26F ___________ 1910 _23F, 1934 _16F _________________4.5, 1.5 Apr 14 ____44 _ (32) _____ t1885 _44F ___________ 1923,29 _42F, 1940,48 _41F __________ 5.0, 1.5 Apr 20 ____37 _ (27) _____ 1875 _41F _____________eventual record low max __________ 6.0, 2.5 July 3 _____(76) _ 59 _____ tied 1870,85,88 _59F __1914_58F 1918_57F 1929_55F 1933_54F __ ___ ___ _ 2.25, 1.0 July 24 ____ 67 _ (64) ____ 1883,96,99 _71F ______ eventual record low max __________ 7.0, 3.5 Sep 22 ____ 55 _ 41 _____1875_55F, 1871 _42F ___ eventual record low max t1875, low min __ 7.5, 4.0 __ 3.25, 2.0 Oct 7 ____ (53) _ 40 ______ tied 1885 _40F ________t1923_40F, 1954,99 _39F _____________ ____ ____ __ 3.75, 2.0 Oct 28 ___ (48) _ 35 ______tied 1869, 1880 _35F __1914,36 _33F, 1976 _29F ____________ ____ ____ __ 4.08, 2.0 1905 _ This was a rather bland year for temperatures with a warm summer and few extremes. The counts are sparse, from 1.5 record low maxima, 0.5 have survived (a tie for June 7th, 61F) and from 1.5 low minima, the only survivor is 30F on Nov 14th (count 1.0). There were no "coldest since" record low minima. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 14 ____18 _ (8) _______t1871,79,99 _18F__ 1916 _12F ____________________________ 1.0, 0.0 June 7 ____ 61 _ (53) _____ tied 1891 _61F _____eventual record low max tied 1891_ 1.5, 0.5 June 27 ___(69) _ 56 ______tied 1893 _56F _____ t1915 _56F, 1940 _55F _______________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Nov 14 ___ (36) _ 20 ______1873 _29F _________ eventual record low min ___________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.0 1906 _ This was generally a warm year with few cold spells, and perhaps the most notable (around March 23-24) failed to set records. Of the 0.83 count of low maxima, none have survived, and of the 1.0 count of low minima, none have survived. There was a "coldest since" record set on Dec 8 when 12F was coldest since the 1882 record of 10F. 1906 was the second year in the data set (after 1890) not to retain any record low maxima. Its extinction date of Oct 11, 1951 was third earliest after 1890 and 1908. Also, 1906 is the third year to have no surviving record lows after 1870 and 1901. It has the third earliest extinction date for those, coming on Dec 7, 1926, and also 1908 set no record low minima so was first "out" in that regard. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) July 7 _____ 74 _ (60) ____ t1879,94 _74F ________ 1914,43,87 _71F ______________________ 0.33, 0.0 Sep 5 _____(72) _ 54 _____tied 1883 _54F ________1924 _53F, 1963 _51F ________________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Oct 11 ____49 _ (43) ____ tied 1888 _49F ________ 1951 _48F _____________________________0.83, 0.0 Dec 7 ____ (47) _ 13 ____ tied 1882 ______________ 1926 _10F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 1907 _ While this was mostly a rather average year, May and June were very cool and set numerous low records. All of the count for 1907 occurred in these two months. From 4.5 low maxima, the eventual count remains 2.0. And from 6.0 low minima, the eventual count is 3.70. There were no "coldest since record low" minima in 1907. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 12 ___(58) _ 40 ______tied 1874 _40F ____ eventual record low min tied 1874 _ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.5 May 20 ___ (63) _ 43 _____ 1892 _46F _________ eventual record low min t2002 _____ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.0 May 21 ___ (54) _ 40 _____ 1888 _45F _________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 2.0 May 22 ___ (62) _ 42 _____ 1892,95 _42F ______ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 3.0 May 23 ___ 58 _ (50) _____ 1888,92 _60F _______ 1916 _56F, 1982_55F ___________________1.0, 0.0 May 26 ___ 53 _ (46) _____ 1888,98 _58F _______ eventual record low max tied 1901 _ 1.5, 0.5 May 27 ___ (57) _ 48 _____ tied 1897 _48F _____ 1915 _43F, 1961 _41F __________________ ____ ____ __ 4.0, 3.0 May 28 ___ (57) _ 43 _____ 1902 _47F _________ eventual record low minimum t1961 ____ ____ __ 5.0, 3.5 June 2 ____ 52 __ 48 _____ 1880 _61F ___________eventual record low max tied 1946 _ 2.5, 1.0 __ June 2 __ min 48 ______ tied 1880 _48F ____ eventual record low minimum t1880, 1929, 1945, 46 __ __5.5, 3.7 June 3 ____ 58 __ 49 ___ 1881 _59F, 1888 _51F __ 1945 _53F, (min) 1915_47F, 1929_45F __ 3.5, 1.0__6.0, 3.7 June 14 ___ 59 _ (54) _____ 1886,96 _63F ________eventual record low max ____________4.5, 2.0 1908 _ This was the first year for which there were no record lows during the year, two minima were within 1F (9F Jan 31 vs 8F 1872, and 55F Aug 29 vs 54F 1888). The closest any minimum of 1908 came to an eventual record low was 5 deg (also Aug 29). Meanwhile, the year set 2.83 record low maxima, of which none remain as eventual records. The year went "extinct" on August 26, 1940. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 30 ____ 18 __(8) ______ 1873 _20F ___________ 1934 _16F ___________________________ 1.0, 0.0 Aug 26 ____64 _ (62) _____ 1885 _65F ___________ 1940 _61F ___________________________ 2.0, 0.0 Aug 27 ____65 _ (58) _____ t1885 _65F __________ 1915 _63F, 1927 _62F _______________ 2.5, 0.0 Aug 28 ____68 _ (57) _____ t1885,1903 _68F _____t1885,1903,1915 _68F, 1927 _65F, 1940 _60F _2.83, 0.0 1909 _ Although the year had some warmer spells, when it did turn cold it seemed easy to set records even if the cold spells were brief. There were 8.0 low maxima of which 2.53 have survived, and 2.83 low minima of which one remains. There were no "coldest since record low" minima (at least, none that are now valid, all of these years with no valid coldest since minima had a few for some period of time). Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 10 ___ 39 _ 29 ______t1900 _39F __________ 1942 _37F ____________________________ 0.5, 0.0 Apr 10 __ min _ 29 ______t1882 _29F _________ t1909,20,50_29F . 1974,85.97 _28F_ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Apr 11 ___(46) _ 24 _______1874 _26F __________ eventual record low min ________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.0 Apr 30 ___46 _ (42) _______1874 _51F __________1925 _45F ___________________________ 1.5, 0.0 June 9 ___ 61 _(58) _______1875,97 _62F _______ 1916 _57F ___________________________ 2.5, 0.0 July 4 ____ 68 _ 58 _______ 1895 _69F __________ 1941 _64F, 1978 _62F _______________ 3.5, 0.0 __July 4 min __ 58 _______t1874,1882,1933 _58F _ 1938 _57F, 1986 _55F ___________ ____ ____ __ 1.83, 1.0 July 5 ____(79)_ 57 ______ 1882 _58F ___________ 1927 _54F, 1979 _53F ______________ ____ ____ __ 2.83, 1.0 July 23 ___ 70 _ (67) ______t1894 _70F _______ eventual record low max (t1894,1969,92,96) _ 4.0, 0.2 Aug 4 ____69 _(60) _______1874, 86 _71F _______eventual record low max _________5.0, 1.2 Aug 17 ___65 _(61) _______1881 _67F __________ eventual record low max _________6.0, 2.2 Oct 18 ___ 48 _ (47) ______ 1880 _50F __________ 2009 _45F ___________________________ 7.0, 2.2 Oct 29 ___ 43 _ (37) ______1869, 1876 _46F ____ eventual record low max tied 1925,52 _8.0, 2.53 1910 _ Cold weather was rather infrequent in 1910 so the counts for record lows were held down below expectation (now having dropped to about 9 records per year, 366/42). From five record low maxima, none have survived, the extinction date being July 18, 1962. The one record low minimum set has been retained (1 F on Feb 7). In addition there was one "coldest since" a record low minimum, that being January 5th 5 F (later tied by 1920) after the -4F record in 1904. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 7 _____(19) __ 1 ______1895 _4F ___________ eventual record low min ____________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Feb 25 ____ 23 _ (15) _____1889,1904 _26F ___ 1934 _16F _____________________________1.0, 0.0 June 11 ___ 59 _ (57) _____ 1884 _63F _________ 1916 _57F _____________________________2.0, 0.0 June 12 ___ 65 _ (58) _____1876 _68F _________ 1924 _62F _____________________________ 3.0, 0.0 July 18 ____ 70 _ (66) _____1903 _71F __________1962 _66F _____________________________ 4.0, 0.0 Dec 12 ____25 _ (19) _____1872,95 _27F _______ 1917,33_24F, 1960_21F, 1988 _20F ____ 5.0, 0.0 Summary of records set in the decade 1901-10 This was not a prolific period for record cold. Not one year produced the random expected number of minimum records, and only one (1907) retained more than one would expect at random (3.7 vs 2.4). 1903 had a prolific production of low maxima. In the decade, there were 58.0 record low maxima set, of which 20.283 have survived. A few of those set replaced earlier values from this decade so it was not quite a case of 53 starter records falling. Then from 30.92 record low minima, just 11.7 have survived (35.7%). The number of coldest since values is 5.7, bringing the cumulative total to 35.93. __ Log of Record Lows 1911-1920 __ 1911 _ Despite several very warm intervals including most of the early summer, as well as December, 1911 also produced a robust set of low records. There were counts of six of each type set during the year. Five of the six low maxima have survived. This is the second highest survival rate (83.3%) for any year 1869 to 1916 (1878 had 87.5%). Only 1.833 record low minima have survived. There was also one "coldest since" a record low minimum, on May 3rd, when 37F tied 1877 as coldest since the record set in 1874 (33F). (count 0.5) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 16 ___ 20 __ 13 _____ 1893_28F, 1872,93_17F __ eventual record low max & low min ___ 1.0, 1.0 __ 1.0, 1.0 Apr 2 _____ 35 __ 24 _____ 1899 _36F ___________ eventual record low maximum __ 2.0, 2.0 _ Apr 2 __ min _ 24 ______ 1894 _27F __________ 1919 _22F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 1.0 May 4 ___(53) __ 37 ______ tied 1874 _37F ______ eventual record low minimum (t1874, 1917) _ ____ __ 2.5, 1.33 July 26 __ (78) __ 60 ______ 1871 _61F ___________t1913 _60F, 1920 _55F _______________ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 1.33 Aug 30 ___ 62 __(56)______ 1903 _66F ___________ eventual record low maximum __ 3.0, 3.0 Aug 31 ___ 59 __(55)______ 1903 _65F ___________ eventual record low maximum __ 4.0, 4.0 Sep 13 ___ 61 __ 51 ______ 1886 _66F ___________ 1937,64 _60F, 1965 _59F _____________5.0, 4.0 _ Sep 13 _ min _51 _______ 1882 _53F __________ t1954 _51F, 1963 _46F _______________ ____ ____ __ 4.5, 1.33 Sep 14 ___(66) __ 46 ______ 1873,88 _48F _______ eventual record low minimum (t1975) ___ ____ __ 5.5, 1.83 Nov 13 ___ 33 __ 26 ______ 1874 _36F ___________ eventual record low maximum ___6.0, 5.0 _ Nov 13 _min _ 26 ______ tied 1874 _26F ______ 1920 _25F, 1986 _24F, 2019 _23F ____ ____ ____ __ 6.0, 1.83 1912 _ This was quite a cold year with a few warmer interludes, most notably the last two months of the year. January 1912 was one of the coldest months in the region generally. Parts of the summer were also anomalously cool. Despite that, only 2.5 low maximum records were set, of which only 1.0 has survived (8F on Jan 13th). The count of record low minima was considerably larger at 5.75 which is closer to the random expectation now having fallen to 8.3 (366/44). Of those, 1.833 have survived One later tied in 1914 was also on Jan 13th. September 30th (39F, also lowest for month) remains untied, and August 5th (57F) has been tied twice. In addition there were three "coldest since" record low minima during the year. These were on Jan 6th (6F later tied in 1996 and 2018, coldest after record of -2F set in 1896), -1F on Feb 11th (coldest since joint record of -2F in 1885 and 1899), and Aug 4th (57F later tied by 1951 and 1964, coldest since 1886 56F) for a count of 1.667 for the statistic. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 6 ____(14) __ ( 6) _____ not records in 1912, record values were 12F (1896) and -2F (1896). Jan 13 ____ 8 ___ -3 ______1886 _2F ___________ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 _ Jan 13__(min)_ -3 ______1886 _14F __________eventual record low minimum (t1914)_ ____ __ 1.0, 0.5 Jan 14 __ (23) ___ 2 ______1886 _6F __________ 1914 _-5F _______________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 0.5 Jan 16 ____17__ ( 3) ______tied 1893 _17F ____1920 _12 F ______________________________ 1.5, 1.0 Mar 3 ____(30) __ 15 ____tied 1873,90,1900_15F _1925,38,43,50,62,2003 _ 11F _________ ____ ____ __ 2.25, 0.5 Apr 8 ____ 40 __ (33) _____1888,94 _41F ______ 1916,56,2003 _37F ____________________ 2.5, 1.0 Aug 5 ___ (76) __ 57 ______tied 1886 _57F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1886, 1951) ___ __ 2.75, 0.83 Aug 30 __(70) __ 54 ______1872 _55F __________ 1934 _52F, 1965 _50F _________________ ____ ____ __ 3.75, 0.83 Aug 31 __(64) __ 51 ______1872 _53F __________t1965 _51F, 1976 _50F _________________ ____ ____ __ 4.75, 0.83 Sep 30 __(60) __ 39 ______1886 _14F __________eventual record low minimum______ ____ ____ __ 5.75, 1.83 1913 _ 1913 was a relatively warm year that set numerous warm records for its time, many of them later broken however. Cold spells were brief and only two low maximum records were set, 20F on March 7th which has survived, and a third tie of an earlier record (39F) on Nov 11th which was later broken. The counts for low maxima were therefore 1.33 and 1.00 (surviving). From 4.5 low minimum records only one (May 11th, 36F) has survived. In addition there were three "coldest since" record low minima during the year. These were on Mar 7th and 8th (both 12F coldest since 7F in 1890 (this 12F tied in 2007) and 8F in 1883, untied since), and also 45F on Sept 15th, coldest since record of 44F in 1873. (count 2.5) ... There was also a reading of 47F on Sept 14th which was the coldest minimum between tied record lows of 46F from 1911 and 1975 and colder than any others on that date besides those two tied records. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 7 ___ 20 __ (12) _____1869 _26F _________ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 May 11__ (56) __ 36 _____ 1886 _14F __________eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 June 9 ___(62) __ 49 ______ 1902 _50F _________ 1980 _47F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 1.0 July 7 ____ (77) __ 57 ______ 1894 _59F _________ 1914 _56F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 1.0 July 26 __ (80) __ 60 ______ t1911 _60F _________ 1920 _55F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 1.0 Sep 16 __ (67) __ 49 ______1887 _51F __________t1961 _49F, 1964 _48F, 1966 _47F ____ ____ ____ __ 4.5, 1.0 Nov 11 __ 39 __ (30) _____t1887,95 _39F ______ 1926 _37F, 1987 _33F ________________ 1.33, 1.0 1914 _ Some parts of 1914 were quite warm but record breaking cold was frequent especially in the winter, again in June-July, and December. From a count of 7.0 low maxima, 2.67 have survived. More impressively, from 14.75 record low minima, 8.83 have survived. Both of those counts have not been equalled since 1914, the original count (14.75) ranks 11th behind ten starter era years, but with the expected number down to 7.9, it was ahead of several of those in terms of ratio to expected (although two more recent years have higher ratios, 1940 and 1963). The more recent year with the closest number of eventual record low minima is 1919 (7.0) with 1963 at 6.5. There was also a large count of "coldest since" record lows, with eight producing a count of 5.0. That is the highest such statistic so far although it will be surpassed by numerous later years, the first of them 1933. The "coldest since" record low minima are listed below: Coldest since ___ 1914 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 23 1889 (5F) ______ 8F ________ 2015 ______ 0.5 Feb 24 1873 (-1F) _____ 2F ________ 1894 _______1.0 Mar 21 1885 (10F) ____15F _______ -- -- _________ 2.0 July 20 1890 (55F) ____ 58F ____1929, 1965 ____ 2.33 Sep 8 1871 (52F) _____ 54F ___ five others _____ 2.5 Sep 9 1883 (48F) _____ 49F _______ -- -- _________3.5 Sep 10 1883 (43F) ____47F _______ 1917 _______ 4.0 Dec 27 1872 (6F) ______7F _______ -- -- __________5.0 (moving on to 1914's long list of daily records ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 13____( 9) __ -3 _____ t1912 _-3F __________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.5 Jan 14____(18)__ -5 ______1912 _2F ____________eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.5 Feb 12____(10)__ -3______1899 _4F ___________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 2.5 Feb 13____(26)__ -1______1899 _6F ___________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 3.5 Feb 25____(26) __ 1 ______tied 1894 _1F ______ eventual record low minimum (t1870)_ ____ ____ __ 4.0, 4.0 May 13 ___ 49 __(42) ____ 1882 _51F _________ 2019 _48F _____________________________ 1.0, 0.0 June 17 __ (76) __52 ______1901 _53F _________1926 _51F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 5.0, 4.0 June 20 __ (71) __49 ______1903 _52F __________eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 6.0, 5.0 June 28 __ 65 __(58) _____ 1888 _68F _________1938 _60F ______________________________ 2.0, 0.0 July 3 ____ 64 __ 58 ______ tied 1870 _64F ____eventual record low maximum (t1870)_ 2.5, 0.5 _ July 3 ____(min)_ 58 ____1870,85,88,1904 _59F __1918 _57F, 1929 _55F, 1933 _54F ____ ____ ____ __ 7.0, 5.0 July 6 ____ 71 __ (59) _____1902 _73F _________ 1956 _61F _____________________________ 3.5, 0.5 July 7 ____ 71 __ 56 _____t1879,94,1906 _74F __ eventual record low maximum (t1943,87)_4.5, 0.83 _July 7 ___ (min) _56 ______1913 _58F __________eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 8.0, 6.0 July 29 ___(73) __ 59 ______1880, 88 _60F ______eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 9.0, 7.0 July 30___ 68 __ 58 ______ tied 1881 _68F _____eventual record low maximum (t1881) _ 5.0, 1.33 _July 30___(min)__ 58 ____ tied 1883 _58F _____1956 _57F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 9.5, 7.0 July 31 ___(73) __ 57 ______tied 1895 _57F _____eventual record low minimum (t1895) _ ____ ____ __10.0, 7.5 Sep 11 ___ 61 __ 49 _____ tied 1876 _61F _____eventual record low maximum (t1876)__ 5.5, 1.83 _Sep 11 ___(min)_ 49 ____t1875,83,85_49F ___ 1917 _43F _______________________________ ____ ____ __10.25, 7.5 Sep 28 ___(63)__ 42 _____ 1878,97 _45F _______ 1947 _41F _______________________________ ____ ____ __11.25, 7.5 Sep 29 ___(62)__ 42 _____ tied 1888_42F ______ eventual record low minimum (t1888,1942) _ ____ __11.75, 7.83 Oct 28 ___(52) __ 33 _____ 1869,80,1904 _35F __ t1936 _33F, 1976 _29F __________________ ____ ____ __12.75, 7.83 Nov 10 __ (44) __ 27 ______1873 _29F _________ 2017 _25F _________________________________ ____ ____ __13.75, 7.83 Nov 18 ___ 33 __ (25) _____tied 1882 _34F_____eventual record low maximum (t1924,59)_6.5, 2.17 Dec 15 ___ 20 __ (10) _____tied 1874 _28F _____eventual record low maximum (t1874) _ 7.0, 2.67 Dec 26 ___(15)___ 3 _____ 1872 _6F ___________eventual record low minimum _______ ____ ____ __ 14.75, 8.83 1915 _ This was a rather wet year, somewhat cool throughout, but not often into record low range except for spells in late May-early June and again in late August which were particularly cool. From a count of 2.75 record low maxima, only 1.5 have survived as eventual records (or tied). From a count of 4.67, another 1.25 record low minima have survived. In addition, there were two "coldest since" record low minima, as shown below, with a count of 1.5: Coldest since ___ 1915 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 27 1894 (20F) ____22F ________ 2014 ______ 0.5 Mar 30 1887 (16F) ____21F _________ -- -- _______ 1.5 (in addition, June 2 at 49F was tied coldest after five at 48F that shared the record, but some of those were after 1915 __ __ so that it cannot qualify for this list). (daily records for 1915 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 17___ 52 __ (46)______ tied 1881 _52F ___ eventual record low maximum (t1881) _ 0.5, 0.5 May 27 ___(65) __ 43 ______ 1897, 1907 _48F ___1961 _41F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 May 31 ___(76) __ 48 ______ tied 1884 _48F ____1924,30,38 _46F _______________________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 0.0 June 3 ____(63) __ 47 ______ 1907 _49F _________1929 _45F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 0.0 June 4 ____(69) __ 49 _______ tied 1881 _49F ___ 1926 _48F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 0.0 June 27 __ (80) __ 56 _______t1893, 1905 _56F ___1940 _55F ______________________________ ____ ____ __3.33, 0.0 June 28 __ (82) __ 54 _______t1888, 1893 _54F ___ eventual record low minimum (t 1888,1893,1995) __ __3.67, 0.25 Aug 6 _____ 64 __(59)_______1869 _67F _________ eventual record low maximum _____1.5, 1.5 Aug 18 ___ (73) __ 55 _______1881 _57F _________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __4.67, 1.25 Aug 27 ____63 __(56)_______ 1885, 1908 _65F ___ 1927 _62F _______________________________ 2.5, 1.5 Aug 28 ____68 __(59)_______t1885,1903,08_68F __ 1927 _65F, 1940 _60F ___________________2.75, 1.5 Aug 29 ____(64) _(57)_______ not records in 1915 (62, 54) 1916 _ Another year of extremes, for example a very mild January was followed by quite a cold February-March, then a chilly June followed by a warm to hot summer; this year produced a fairly healthy crop of record low values. From 9.5 record low minima, the eventual count was 3.83. That original total was not exceeded in any later years with 1940 closest at 8.0. From the original 5.5 record low minima, 2.0 have survived to the end. In addition, there were two "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 1.5. These are shown below: Coldest since ___ 1916 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 21 1896 (4F) ______ 5F ________ 1968 ______ 0.5 Mar 15 1911 (13F) ____15F ________ -- -- _______ 1.5 (June 22 1916 had 53F, between two eventual low record minimum readings of 52F in 1897 and 1940) (daily records for 1916 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 15 ___ (26) ___ 7 ________tied 1881 _7F ___t1927_7F, 1957 _0 F ___________________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Feb 14___ 12 ___ 2 _______ 1905 _18F ______ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 _ Feb 14 __ (min) _2 _______ 1875 _7F ________ 2016 _-1F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 0.0 Feb 15 ___(26) ___ 3 _______ tied 1888 _3F ___ 1943 _-8F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 0.0 Mar 15 ___(33) __ 15 _______tied 1887 _15F __ 1993 _14F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 0.0 Mar 16 ___(26) __(15) ______ not records in 1916 (min "coldest since" 1911 record) Mar 17 ___(26) ___9 ________ 1885 _10F ______ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 1.0 Mar 18 ___ 24 ___ 7 ________ 1885 _25F, 7F ___ 1967 _20F, eventual record low min ____ 2.0, 1.0 __ 4.5, 2.0 Apr 8 _____ 37 __(34) _______ 1912 _40F ______ eventual record low max (t1956, 2003) __ 3.0, 1.33 Apr 27 ____ 46 __(42) ______ t1882,93,97_46F __1946 _45F _____________________________ 3.25, 1.33 May 23____ 56 __(52) _______1907 _58F _______ 1982 _55F _____________________________ 4.25, 1.33 June 8 _____57 __(55) _______tied 1869 _57F ___1947 _56F _____________________________ 4.75, 1.33 June 9 _____57 __(54)_______1909 _61F ________eventual record low maximum ____ 5.75, 2.33 June 10 ___(61) _ (51) ______ not records in 1916 (55, 49) June 11 ___57 __(52)_______ 1910 _59F ________ eventual record low maximum ___ 6.75, 3.33 June 15 ___60 __(54) _______ 1903 _63F _______ eventual record low max (t1971) _______7.75, 3.83 Aug 10 ___ 68 __(62) _______ 1884 _71F ________ 1962 _60F_____________________________ 8.75, 3.83 Aug 11 ___ 69 __(61) _______ tied 1890 _69F ____1931, 1933, 1962 _68F ________________ 9.25, 3.83 Aug 28 ____68 __(59)_______t1885,1903,08_68F __ 1927 _65F, 1940 _60F ________________9.5, 3.83 Aug 29 ___(64) _ (57)_______ not records in 1915 (62, 54) Oct 1 _____(62) _ 41 ________ 1886,99 _42F ______1947 _36F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 5.5, 2.0 1917 _ This was always a rather cool year with the brief exception of a four-day scorching heat wave July 29 to August 1, but the autumn and early winter turned progressively colder relative to normal and ended up with a record-shattering week that extended over New Years into early January 1918. During that interval NYC had its lowest maximum and second lowest minimum on Dec 30th (2, -13). Feb 9, 1934 was -15F. As noted elsewhere a colder day than these might have occurred on Jan 22nd, 1857 before the Central Park records began. During the year, there were 8.83 record low maxima (the highest value for any year 1917 on, with 1940 at 8.0) of which 7.0 have survived. That number of eventual records is also highest for the interval 1895 to present, and ranks tenth behind nine starter era years. It was also a better survival rate than any year so far except 1878 and 1911, and the best survival rate for any year that set more than eight records. From the original 8.167 low minimum records, 6.33 have survived. That is slightly behind 1919 (7.0) and tied with 1926, as second highest after the 1914 production of 8.83 (see 1914 discussion for where that ranked relative to previous years). In addition, there were seven "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 5.0. These are shown below: Coldest since ___ 1917 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 12 1914 (-3F) ______ 3F _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Feb 13 1914 (-1F) ______ 0F _______ -- -- ______ 2.0 May 5 1891 (34F) _____ 40F _______ 1974 _____2.5 July 11 1893,98 (57F) _ 59F _______ -- -- _______3.5 Sep 10, 1883 (43F) ____ 48F _______ 1914 _____4.0 Dec 11, 1880 (6F) _____ 11F _______ 1934 _____4.5 Dec 16, 1876 (7F) ______ 9F _______ 1883 _____ 5.0 Also, the min of 21F for Nov 26 was coldest between tied record lows of 16F in 1880 and 1938 and colder than any other minima for the date. (daily records for 1917 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 3 ____ 16 ___ (6) _______ 1881 _18F ______ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 Apr 10 ___(46) ___29 _______t1880,1909 _29F __t1920,50 _29F; 1974,85,97 _27F _____ ____ ____ __ 0.33, 0.0 May 1 ____ 45 __(41)_______ 1869,93 _46F ___ eventual record low maximum ____ 2.0, 2.0 May 4 ___ (53) __ 37 ________ t1874,1911_37F __eventual record low minimum (t1874, 1911) ___ __0.67, 0.33 July 10 ___ 65 __(61)_______ 1890 _70F _______ eventual record low maximum ____ 3.0, 3.0 July 11 ___ 64 __(59)_______ 1895 _69F _______ eventual record low maximum ____ 4.0, 4.0 Sep 8 _____ 65 __(55) _______ t1871,1877_65F __1918 _63F ______________________________ 4.33, 4.0 Sep 11 ___ (64)__ 43 ___1875,83,85,1914 _49F __ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 1.67, 1.33 Sep 12 ___ (62)__ 46 _______ 1875 _51F _______ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 2.67, 2.33 Nov 25 ____30 __ 21 _____ t1881_30F, 1881 _23F __1938 _29F and (min) 1938 _19F ______ 4.83, 4.0 __ 3.67, 2.33 Nov 27 ___ (31) __19 ______ tied 1903 _19F ____ 1932 _13F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 4.17, 2.33 Dec 12 ____24 __ (17) ______1910 _25F ________t1933 _24F, 1960_21F, 1988_20F ______ 5.83, 4.0 Dec 28 ____(35)__ 8 _______ 1872,80 _10F _____ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 5.17, 3.33 Dec 29 _____ 8 __ -6 _______ 1880 _10F, -xF ____ eventual record low max, min ______6.83, 5.0 __6.17, 4.33 Dec 30 _____ 2 __-13 _______ 1880 _ 4F, -6F _____ eventual record low max, min**___7.83, 6.0 __7.17, 5.33 Dec 31 _____ 6 __ -7 _______ 1880 _10F, -xF ____ eventual record low max, min ______8.83, 7.0 __ 8.17, 6.33 ________________________________________________ ** also record low max, min for month and (low max) calendar year 1918 _ The severe cold continued for much of the winter of 1917-18, and June 1918 was also quite a cool month. The summer became rather hot by mid-July and August. The autumn was generally rather warm. From 7.0 record low maxima, 6.0 have survived. No year since has had that many (1963 had 5.33). It was also the second highest survival rate for years before 1919 (that year was higher as was 1925, before the more modern tendency for 100% survival to be fairly common). The low maximum for Feb 4th was a monthly record also. Of the 8.33 record lows set, 6.0 have survived. Only 1919 and 1926 have had more since then. In addition, four minima were "coldest since" record lows, with the count 3.33, as shown below: Coldest since ___ 1917 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 3, 1879 (-4F) ______ 0 _____ -- -- _____ 1.0 Feb 6, 1895 (-4F) ______1 _____ -- -- _____ 2.0 June 20, 1914 (49F) __ 51 ____ -- -- ______ 3.0 Sept 22, 1904 (41F) __ 47 ___ 1962,63 __ 3.33 (daily records for 1918 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 1 ____ 10 __ -4 ______ 1881 _16F, 1F _____ eventual record low max & min ____ 1.0, 1.0 __ 1.0, 1.0 Jan 2 ____ 10 __ 2 _____1882 _19F, 1879 _3F __ eventual record low max & min ___ 2.0, 2.0 __ 2.0, 2.0 Jan 4 ____ (18) _ -3 ______ 1904 _0 F ________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 3.0 Jan 20 ___ (20) __ 8 ______t1875,84 _8F ____ 1940 _7F, 1946 _5F, 1994 _4F ___________ ____ ____ __ 3.33, 3.0 Feb 4 ____(31) __ 0 ______tied 1886 _0F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1886)__ ____ ____ __ 3.83, 3.5 Feb 5 _____ 4 __ -6 ______ 1886 _7F, -4F ____ eventual record low max & min ______3.0, 3.0 __ 4.83, 4.5 Feb 21 ___(18) _(8) ______ not records in 1918 (17, 4). Feb 22 ___(28) _ 8 _______ 1870 _10F ________eventual record low minimum (t1963)__ ____ ____ __ 5.83, 5.0 Mar 11 ___(37) _17 ______ tied 1885 _17F ___ 1933,39 _16F; 1960 _14F________________ ____ ____ __ 6.33, 5.0 Apr 11 ___ 38 _(32) ______ tied 1882 _38F __ eventual record low maximum (t1882) __ 3.5, 3.5 Apr 12 ___ 35 _(32) ______ tied 1874 _35F __ eventual record low maximum (t1874) __ 4.0, 4.0 June 21 ___64 _(53) ______ 1897 _67F _______ t1928,52 _64F; 1958,2003 _63F _________ 5.0, 4.0 June 23 ___ 59 _ 49 _____1903 _60F, 1877,85_52F __eventual record low max & min ___ 6.0, 5.0 __ 7.33, 6.0 July 3 _____(81) _ 57 ______ 1914 _58F _______ 1929 _55F, 1933 _54F ____________________ ____ ____ __ 8.33, 6.0 Sep 8 _____ 63 _(56) ______ 1871,77,1917_65F__eventual record low maximum _______7.0, 6.0 1919 _ A few portions of this year were quite warm but it had enough cold spells to give potential for a robust total of surviving records. Although the count of low maxima was only 3.83 (and random expectation has now fallen to 7.1), the surviving count of 3.5 produced the highest yet survival rate of 91.3%. This would be broken in 1925 (95.5%). The count of record low minima was 9.5 of which 7.0 have survived, this being the highest total from 1919 to present day. There were no "coldest since" record low minima in 1919. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 28 ____(41)__ 24 ______1894 _25F _________1923 _13F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Mar 31 ____ 38 __(24)______t1881,82 _38F _____1922 _37F, 1923 _34F _________________ 0.33, 0.0 Apr 1 ______(36)__ 22 _____ 1874, 83 _25F ______1923 _12F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 0.0 Apr 2 ______(45)__ 22 ______1911 _24F _________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 1.0 Apr 25 ____ 43 __ 29 ______1883_44F; 1888_31F _ eventual record low max & min ___ 1.33, 1.0 __4.0, 2.0 Apr 26 ____(44) _ 31 _______1874 _32F _________ eventual record low minimum_____ ____ ____ __ 5.0, 3.0 May 10 ___ 48 __(43)_______1870,77 _50F ______ eventual record low maximum _____2.33, 2.0 June 29 ___(70)__ 52 ______ tied 1888 _52F ____ eventual record low minimum (t1888)_ ____ ____ __ 5.5, 3.5 June 30 ___(78)__ 53 ______ 1871 _54F _________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 6.5, 4.5 Aug 9 _____(78) __ 57 ______ 1877,99 _60F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1989)_ ____ ____ __ 7.5, 5.0 Aug 14 ____ 66 __ (58) _____ tied 1873 _66F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1873)_ 2.83, 2.5 Dec 17 ____(21)___1 ________1876 _6F __________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 8.5, 6.0 Dec 18 ____ 11 __ -1 _______ 1875_20F; 1876_13F __ eventual record low max & min _____3.83, 3.5__ 9.5, 7.0 1920 _ This was a rather variable year, the coldest portions relative to normal were in January and June-July. Only three low maximum records were set, two of which remain as eventual records. The count for record low minima was considerably higher at 11.083 (higher than any later year in the series), of which 5.5 have survived. There were also six "coldest since" record low minima with a count of 3.25, details below: Coldest since ___ 1920 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 5, 1904 (-4F) ______ 5 _____ 1910 ______ 0.5 Feb 27, 1900 (5F) _____ 6 _____ -- -- _______ 1.5 Apr 25, 1919 (29F) ___ 37 _ 1936,56,67 ___1.75 May 2, 1874, 1903 (37F) __39 ___ 1963 _____2.25 May 14, 1878 (40F) ___42 _____ 2013 _____ 2.75 July 28, 1903 (57F) ___ 60 _____ 1962 _____ 3.25 (also Aug 3, 1920 _57F was lowest value between tied record lows 55F 1886 and 1927 and colder than all other minima except those). (daily records for 1920 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 16 ___ 14 ___ (7) ____ 1893, 1912 _17F ___ eventual record low maximum ___ 1.0, 1.0 Jan 31 ___ (26)___ -1 ____ 1872 _8F ___________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Feb 1 ____ (24)___ -2 ____ 1881 _3F ___________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 Feb 27 ___(19) __ (6) ____ not records in 1920 (18F in 1886, 5F in 1900). Apr 8 ____(40) __ 28 _____ t1880,88 _28F ______ 1972 _26F, 1982 _25F ______________ ____ ____ __ 2.33, 2.0 Apr 10 __ (51) __ 29 _____t1880,1909,1917_29F__t1950 _29F; 1974,85,97 _27F _______ ____ ____ __ 2.58, 2.0 May 15 __(65) __ 42 _____ 1880 _43F __________ eventual record low minimum (t1947) __ ____ __ 3.58, 2.5 June 5 ___ 57 __ 50 ______ 1872 _58F __________ 1945 _55F ____________________________ 2.0, 1.0 _June 5 _(min) _50 ______ 1872,78 _52F _______t1944 _50F, 1945 _47F ______________ ____ ____ __ 4.58, 2.5 June 18 __ 63 __ 52 ______ 1903 _64F __________ eventual record low maximum __ 3.0, 2.0 _June 18 _(min) _52 _____1879 _53F __________ 1950 _48F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 5.58, 2.5 June 19 __(73) __ 52 ______1879,86,89 _54F ___ eventual record low minimum___ ____ ____ __ 6.58, 3.5 July 26 ___(75) __ 55 ______ 1911,13 _60F ______ eventual record low minimum___ ____ ____ __ 7.58, 4.5 July 27 ___(79) __ 55 ______ 1903 _59F__________ eventual record low minimum___ ____ ____ __ 8.58, 5.5 Sep 20 ___(71) __ 45 ______ tied 1871 _45F _____tied 1956,79 _45F; 1993 _44F _______ ____ ____ __ 9.08, 5.5 Nov 12 ___(47) __ 27 ______ 1894 _29F _________ 1926 _26F, 2019 _25F _______________ ____ ____ __10.08, 5.5 Nov 13 ___(43) __ 25 ______ 1874,1911 _26F ___ 1986 _24F, 2019 _23F _______________ ____ ____ __11.08, 5.5 Summary of records set in the decade 1911-20 The pace of record setting picked up for cold with several years well above average in eventual record production, even though the number set during some of those years was slightly below expectation at random, which fell to just over seven by 1920. The total number of low maxima set during the decade was 51.75, of which 33.5 have survived. The first of those stats is below random expectation while the second is above by almost half. There were 78.25 record low minima, close to random expectation (77.3) and of those, 41.58 have survived. That brings the total from 1869 to 1920 to 202.48. That indicates about 180 cases that could have a "coldest since" (as later ties would be excluded) and during the decade there were 24.25 of those, for a total so far of 60.18 set (about one-third of the possible total). __ Log of record lows 1921-30 __ 1921 _ This was a relatively warm year without significant cold spells, and the production of cold records was low. From a total of four record low maxima, one has survived. And there was just one record low minimum which was extinguished on Aug 15, 1963. Thus 1921 becomes the fourth year to retain no record low minima (joined 1870, 1906, 1908). The production of 1.0 during the year was tied second lowest so far (1908 had zero, 1906 and 1910 also had 1.0). There was also one "coldest since" a record low minimum, with 7F on Dec 22nd the lowest reading after the record of 4F set in 1872. Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 18 ____ 16 ___ ( 6) ______ 1904 _17F ______1977 _13F _____________________________ 1.0, 0.0 May 25 ___ 52 ___(47) _____1877,82,1901_57F__1967 _46F _____________________________2.0, 0.0 Aug 3 _____ 66 ___(61) _____ 1886 _69F _______eventual record low maximum ___ 3.0, 1.0 Aug 15 ____(78) __ 56 ______ 1893 _58F ______1963 _55F, 1964 _54F ________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Dec 22 ____ 20 ___ (7) ______ 1871,88 _21F ___ 1989 _18F ____________________________ 4.0, 1.0 1922 _ Although not as warm as the preceding year, the pace of record lows did not change. There were only two record low maxima, neither of which survived, and the extinction date was Aug 12, 1979. From an original count of 3.5 record low minima, 1.0 has survived. There were also four "coldest since" record low minima, with two ties, the count is 3.0. The details are below: Coldest since ___ 1922 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 2, 1918 (2F) ______ 7 ________ -- -- ______1.0 Feb 17, 1896 (-5F) ___ -2 ________ -- -- ______2.0 Apr 21, 1875 (26F) ___32 _______ 1925 ____ 2.5 Apr 22, 1875 (28F) ___33 _______ 1947 ____ 3.0 Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 31 ____ 37 ___(33) ____ 1881,82,1919_38F ___ 1923 _34F___________________________ 1.0, 0.0 June 13 ___ (72) __ 52 _____ 1875 _53F __________tied 1951 _52F, 1953 _51F _________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Aug 12 ____ 66 ___(63) _____1894 _70F _________ 1979 _64F ___________________________2.0, 0.0 Aug 20 ____(74) __ 56 ______ tied 1871 _56F ____ 1949 _55F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 0.0 Aug 21 ____(77) __ 52 ______ 1886 _54F _________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 1.0 Oct 19 ____ (54) __ 35 ______1880 _36F _________ 1940 _30F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 1.0 1923 _ After a fairly average winter, March turned very cold near the end and record cold lasted to about April 2nd. Most of the record lows of 1923 took place in that cold week as shown in the tables below. Another very cold interval occurred around May 9-11. Two records were set on July 31 and August 1 although much of the summer was otherwise quite hot. From four record low maxima, 3.0 have survived. Also from 7.33 record low minima, 5.0 have survived, including the lowest temperature for April (1st, 12F). In addition, there were seven "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 4.417. The details are below: Coldest since ____ 1923 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 20, 1885 (11F) ___ 14 _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Apr 2, 1919 (22F) _____ 26 _______ -- -- ______ 2.0 May 11, 1913 (36F) ___ 37 _______ -- -- ______ 3.0 June 30, 1919 (53F) ___ 55 ______ 1988 _____ 3.5 July 22, 1871,90 (58F) __61 ___ 1929,44,56 __3.75 Aug 18, 1915 (55F) ____57 ____ 1924,41 ____4.083 Aug 22, 1895 (52F) ___ 54 _____ 1925,82 ___ 4.417 (records for 1923 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 28 ____(47)__ 13 ____1919 _24F _________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Mar 29 ____(32)__ 10 ____1887 _19F _________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 Mar 30 ____(42)__(30) ____ not records in 1923, shown for continuity Mar 31 ____ 34 __ 14 ___1922_37F, 1883_22F _ eventual record low max & min__1.0, 1.0 __ 3.0, 3.0 Apr 1 _____ (36)__ 12 ____1919 _22F _________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 4.0, 4.0 Apr 14 ____ 42 __(32) ____1885, 1904 _44F ___ t1929 _42F, 1940,48 _41F ___________ 2.0, 1.0 May 9 ____ (57) __ 38 _____1900 _41F _________ 1947 _35F, 2020 _34F _______________ ____ ____ __5.0, 4.0 May 10 ___ (55) __38 _____ t1902_38F _________1947,1966 _36F _____________________ ____ ____ __ 5.5, 4.0 July 31 ____ 65 __(61)______1876 _69F _________ eventual record low maximum __3.0, 2.0 Aug 1 _____ 68 __(60)______1895 _71F _________ eventual record low maximum __4.0, 3.0 Aug 23 ___ (72)__ 51 ______1888 _53F _________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 6.5, 5.0 Oct 7 _____ (61) __40 _______1885, 1904 _40F ___ 1954, 1999 _39F_____________________ ____ ____ __ 6.83, 5.0 Nov 9 _____(45) __30 _______tied 1887_30F _____1971 _28F, 1976 _24F _______________ ____ ____ __ 7.33, 5.0 1924 _ Generally a rather cool year, 1924 produced about as expected at random (now down to 6.5 from 366/56) but its records were fairly robust. From 5.5 record low maxima, 3.67 have survived (random for every year is 2.4 for surviving records). May, June and November were the coldest months. There were 9.5 record low minima, of which 3.83 have survived. In addition, there were six "coldest since" record low minima and a count of 4.583 as shown below: Coldest since _____ 1924 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 22, 1888 (0F) ____ 5 ____ 1970,76,2014 ___ 0.25 Apr 1, 1923 (12F) ___27 _______ -- -- __________ 1.25 Aug 2, 1875 (57F) ___58 _______ -- -- __________ 2.25 Aug 18, 1915 (55F) __57 ____ 1923,1941 _____ 2.58 Sep 7, 1888 (46F) ___ 49 _______ -- -- __________3.58 Sep 11, 1917 (43F) __46 _______ -- -- __________4.58 (records for 1924 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 27 ____(18) __( 5) ____ not records in 1924 (14, 4 in 1888) May 11 __ 49 _ (44) _____ 1870 _50F _________ eventual record low maximum _____ 1.0, 1.0 May 21 __ 50 _ (47) _____ tied 1892 _50F ____ eventual record low maximum _(t1892,1929)_ 1.5, 1.33 May 23 __(71) _ 47 ______tied 1876 _47F ____ 1929,31 _46F, 1935 _45F 1963 _43F _____ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 May 31 __(69) _ 46 ______ 1884,1915 _48F __ eventual record low minimum _(t1930,1938) _ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 0.33 June 12 __ 62 _ (54) _____ 1910 _65F _________ eventual record low maximum _____ 2.5, 2.33 June 13 __ 64 _ (56) _____ tied 1875 _64F ____ 1941_62F, 1962_58F, 1982_55F ________ 3.0, 2.33 July 15 ___(81) _ 59 ______ tied 1888 _59F ____ 1926 _58F, 1930 _57F____________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 0.33 July 18 ___(77) _ 58 ______ 1888 _59F _________ 1925 _57F ________________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 0.33 July 19 ___(82) _ 57 ______ 1890 _58F _________ eventual record low minimum _______ ____ ____ __ 4.0, 1.33 Aug 19 ___(79) _ 55 ______ 1882,86 _57F _____ eventual record low minimum _______ ____ ____ __ 5.0, 2.33 Sep 5 ____ (74) _ 53 ______ 1883,1906 _54F ___ 1963 _51F _______________________________ ____ ____ __ 6.0, 2.33 Sep 6 ____ (69) _ 48 ______ 1883,88 _49F ______ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 7.0, 3.33 Sep 17 ___ 61 _ (57) _____ 1869,72 _66F ______ 1947 _55F _______________________________ 4.0, 2.33 Nov 17 ___ 30 _ 19 _____ 1883 _35F _________ eventual record low maximum _______5.0, 3.33 _Nov 17 _(min) _19 _____1883 _21F _________ eventual record low minimum _(t1933) __ ____ ____ __ 8.0, 3.83 Nov 18 ___ 33 _ 19 _____ t1914 _33F ________ eventual record low maximum_(t1914,1959)__5.5, 3.67 _Nov 18 _(min) _19 _____1880 _24F _________1936 _18F ___________________________________ ____ ____ __ 9.0, 3.83 Nov 19___(37) _ 21 _____tied 1880 _21F _____1936 _18F ________________________________ ____ ____ __ 9.5, 3.83 1925 _ Some brief cold spells were interspersed with warmth to September, then October turned very cold. This trend faded out with a few minor resumptions in December. The year set 3.5 low maxima and retained 3.33, with just a later third tie of one record (Oct 29, 1952) preventing 1925 from becoming the first year in the series to achieve a perfect survival rate, even so it was the highest percentage so far at 95.3%. There were 9.5 record low minima, of which 5.67 have survived. In addition, there were six "coldest since" record low minima and a count of 3.83 as shown below: Coldest since _____ 1925 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 24, 1882 (-6F) _____ 4 ________ 1883 _____ 0.5 Apr 21, 1875 (26F) ____32 _______ 1922 _____ 1.0 July 19, 1924 (57F) ____59 _______ -- -- _______ 2.0 Aug 22, 1895 (52F) ____54 _____ 1923, 82 ____2.33 Oct 10, 1888 (35F) ____36 _______ 2000 ______2.83 Nov 1, 1869,85 (30F) __32 _______ -- -- _______3.83 (records for 1925 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 27 ____(42) __ 4 _____ tied 1888 _4F ______ 1927 _-1 F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Jan 28 ____(14) __ -2 ______ 1888 _3F ___________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.0 Mar 3 ____(29) __ 11 ______ 1912 _15F* ________ eventual record low minimum*___ ____ ____ __2.5, 1.167 Apr 30 ___ 45 __ (42) _____ 1909 _46F _________ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 May 25 ___(53) _ 41 ______ 1877 _45F _________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 2.167 May 26 ___(66) _ 43 ______ 1886 _45F _________ 1967 _42F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 4.5, 2.167 July 1 ____ (79) _ 56 _______ tied 1900 _56F ____ 1943 _52F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 5.0, 2.167 July 18 ___(77) _ 57 _______ 1888 _59F _________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 6.0, 3.167 Oct 10 ___ 43 __(36)_______ 1888 _52F _________ eventual record low maximum ____ 2.0, 2.0 Oct 11 ___(55) _ 35 ________ 1888 _36F ________ 1964 _34F_______________________________ ____ ____ __ 7.0, 3.167 Oct 29 ___ 43 __ 31 _______ t1909 _43F _______ eventual record low maximum _(t1909,52)_2.5, 2.33 _Oct 29 _(min) _ 31 ________ 1873 _33F ________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 8.0, 4.167 Oct 30 ___ 38 __ 31 ______ 1869 _40F, 1887_32F _ eventual record low max & min___ 3.5, 3.33__9.0, 5.167 Oct 31 ___(44) __29 ________tied 1887 _29F _____eventual record low minimum (t1887)_ ____ ____ __ 9.5, 5.67 Dec 27 ___(16) _ (8) _______ not records in 1925 (15, 6) _ 1914 also 7F ________________________________ * Mar 3 1925 (11F) tied five times later, in 1938, 1943,1950,1962, 2003. This is the only current six-way tie for a NYC temp record. * Also the reading of 15F in 1912 was a tie of three other years, 1873, 1888 and 1890. 1926 _ This was a notably cold year in general. Parts of the summer and autumn into early winter were particularly cold. From 5.83 record low maxima (only around the expected number of 6.4) 3.0 have survived. There were 9.67 record low minima from which 6.33 have survived; only 1963 (6.5) has a higher total since. The yearly count of 9.67 was higher than all years except 1940 (10.5) since 1920 had 11.083. There were another three "coldest since" record low minima and a count of 2.5 as shown below: Coldest since _____ 1926 value __ tied by ___ count May 4, 1873,1911,17 (37F) _ 40 _____ 1957 ____ 0.5 Sep 1, 1869 (51F) _______ 52 _____ -- -- ______ 1.5 Dec 18, 1919 (-1F) _______ 8 _____ -- -- _______ 2.5 (records for 1926 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 27 ___ (57) __ 38 ______t 1874,97 _38F ____ 1932 _36F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 0.33, 0.0 June 4 ____ 66 __ 48 ______ t 1872,1900 _66F _ 1927 _64F, 1945 _52F ________________ 0.33, 0.0 _June 4 __ (min)_ 48 ______1881,1915 _49F ___ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 1.33, 1.0 June 17 ___(68) __ 51 ______1914 _52F ________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 2.33, 2.0 July 12 ____(82) __ 57 ______ 1888 _58F _______ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 3.33, 3.0 July 14 ____(76) __ 58 ______ t1877, 88_58F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1877,88) ___ ____ __ 3.67, 3.33 July 15 ____ 67 __ 58 _______1903 _69F ________eventual record low maximum __ 1.33, 1.0 _July 15 ___(min) _58 ______1888, 1924 _59F __ 1930 _ 57F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 4.67, 3.33 July 16 ____(82) __ 56 ______ 1889, 1903_59F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1946) ____ ____ __ 5.67, 3.83 Aug 21____ 66 __ (60) ______ 1894 _69F _______ 1956_65F, 1999_64F, 2007_59F _____ 2.33, 1.0 Aug 22____ 70 __ (60) ______ tied 1888 _70F ___ 1928_69F, 1965_68F, 2007_65F ____ 2.83, 1.0 Sep 5 _____ 62 __ (59) ______ 1872, 1902 _67F ___ eventual record low maximum___3.83, 2.0 Nov 11 ____37 __ 28 _______ 1887,95,1913 _38F ___1987 _33F ____________________________4.83, 2.0 _Nov 11 ___(min)_ 28 ______ tied 1873 _28F ____ t1933 _28F, 2017 _24F______________ ____ ____ __ 6.17, 3.83 Nov 12 ____(40)__ 26 ______ 1920 _27F _________ 2019 _25F____________________________ ____ ____ __ 7.17, 3.83 Dec 5 _____(24)__ 11 _______ 1886 _13F ________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 8.17, 4.83 Dec 6 _____ 22 __ 13 _______ 1871,86 _26F _____eventual record low maximum___5.83, 3.0 _Dec 6 ___ (min) _ 13 _______tied 1871 _13F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1871) _ ____ ____ __ 8.67, 5.33 Dec 7 _____(30)__ 10 _______ 1882, 1906 _13F ___ eventual record low minimum___ ____ ____ __ 9.67, 6.33 1927 _ This was another rather cold year in general and the summer in particular was very cool. From the count of two low maxima, none have survived and the extinction date for those was June 30, 1967. There were 3.83 record low minima of which two have survived (Jan 27th and June 16th). In addition, there were two "coldest since" record low minima, and two significant between-tied-record-minima next coldest values as detailed below: Coldest since _____ 1927 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 26, 1871 (2F) _____ 3 ________ -- -- ______ 1.0 Aug 16, 1880 (55F) ___56 _______ -- -- ______ 2.0 (also 44F May 28 was coldest between tied record lows 43F 1907,61 and third coldest for date) (and 30F Nov 8 was coldest (t1960, 76) between tied record lows 29F 1886 and 2019). (records for 1927 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 15 ____(32) ___ 7 ______t1881,1916 _7F _____ 1957 _0F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 0.33, 0.0 Jan 27 ____(25) ___-1 ______ 1888, 1925 _4F _____ eventual record low minimum _ ____ ____ __ 1.33, 1.0 June 4 ____ 64 __ (52) _____ 1872,1900,26_66F _ 1945 _52F ___________________________ 1.0, 0.0 June 16 ___(75) __ 52 ______1884 _53F _________ eventual record low minimum _ ____ ____ __ 2.33, 2.0 June 27 ___(79) __ 56 ______t1893,1905,15 _56F _ 1940 _55F __________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.58, 2.0 June 30 ___69 __ (58) _____ 1885, 1902 _70F ___ t1943 _69F, 1967 _65F ______________ 2.0, 0.0 July 5 _____(76) __ 54 ______ 1909 _57F ________ 1979 _53F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.58, 2.0 July 6 _____(77) __ 58 ______t1879,82,90 _58F___ 1956 _57F, 1972 _56F, 1979 _54F __ ____ ____ __ 3.83, 2.0 Aug 3 _____(77) __ 55 ______ t1886 _55F ________ eventual record low minimum _ ____ ____ __ 4.33, 2.5 Aug 25 ____(75) __ 54 ______ 1887 _55F ________ 1940 _52F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 5.33, 2.5 Aug 27____ 62 __ (55) ______1915 _63F ________ eventual record low maximum___3.0, 1.0 Aug 28____ 65 __ (59) ____1885,1903,08,15 _68F__1940 _60F ____________________________ 4.0, 1.0 Nov 7 _____ 41 __ (32) ___t1886, 1903_41F ___ eventual record low maximum _(t1886,1903,2012)_4.33, 1.25 1928 _ Temperatures were slightly closer to average than previous years, and there were just 2.83 record low maxima, of which one (later tied) has survived for a count of 0.5 -- this is the lowest survival rate (17.7%) of any year that had any eventual record low maximum records (only eight years have zero survival rates from some number of records set, and 23 others set no records). If any records from 1893 are tied or broken then it could fall lower (from 20.9%) as it already did in March when 2022 replaced one of its records to get to that second lowest value. The year had 2.75 record low minima of which 1.5 have survived. Also, there were two "coldest since" record low minima, one of which was tied in 2020 so the count for those is now 1.5. Details below: Coldest since _____ 1928 value __ tied by ___ count May 13, 1895 (39F) ____ 41 ______ 2020 _____ 0.5 Oct 30, 1925 (31F) _____ 32 ______ -- -- ______ 1.5 (records for 1928 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 26 ____(23) ___ 7 ______1900 _8F __________eventual record low minimum (t1990)_ ____ ____ __1.0, 0.5 Apr 15 ____(58) __ 33 ______t1885 _33F ________ 1940 _31F, 1943 _28F ________________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 0.5 Apr 16 ____(49) __ 29 ______1872 _32F _________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 1.5 June 21 ___ 64 __ (58) _____t1918 _64F ________t1952 _64F, 1958,2003 _63F __________ 0.5, 0.0 June 22 ___ 62 __ (57) _____1903 _64F _________eventual record low maximum (t1952)__1.5, 0.5 Aug 22____ 69 __ (60) ______1888,1926_70F ___ 1965_68F, 2007_65F ____________________2.5, 0.5 Aug 23 ___ 68 __ (60) ______t1874,1890_68F ___ 1930 _63F ____________________________ 2.83, 0.5 Sep 26 ____(57) __ 43 _____ t1879,87,94 _43F ___1940 _42F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.75, 1.5 1929 _ The year had a very small production of record low maxima, with just two tied results for a count of 0.83 and 0.33 surviving. There were 6.33 record low minima of which 3.53 have survived. Four "coldest since" record low minima gave a count of 1.917, and there was one other significant lowest value between tied record lows. Coldest since _____ 1929 value __ tied by ___ count June 4, 1926 (48F) _____ 49 __ 1945, 2023 _____ 0.333 July 20 1890 (55F) _____ 58 _____1914, 1965 ___ 0.667 July 22 1871,90 (58F) __ 59 ___ 1923,44,56 ___ 0.917 Nov 30, 1875 (5F) ______12 _______ -- -- _______ 1.917 (also 57F Aug 5 was coldest other than three tied records at 56F 1886, 1912, 1951). (records for 1929 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 10 ___ (40) _ 12 ____1885 _19F __________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Apr 14 ___ 42 __(38) ____tied 1923 _42F _____ 1940,48 _41F ___________________________ 0.5, 0.0 May 21 __ 50 __(45) _____t1892,1924 _50F ___ eventual record low maximum _(t1892,1924)_ 0.83, 0.33 May 23 __(65) __ 46 _____ 1876, 1924_47F ____ t1931 _46F, 1935 _44F, 1963 _43F ____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 1.0 June 2 ___(67) __ 48 _____t1880,1907 _48F ___ eventual record low minimum _(t1880, 1907, 45, 46)__ __2.33, 1.2 June 3 ___(68) __ 45 ______1915 _47F ________ eventual record low minimum______ ____ ____ __ 3.33, 2.2 July 3 ____(75) __ 55 ______ 1919 _57F ________ 1933 _54F_______________________________ ____ ____ __ 4.33, 2.2 Sep 19 ___(62) __ 44______ 1875 _45F ________ eventual record low minimum______ ____ ____ __ 5.33, 3.2 Oct 18 ___(52) __ 35 ______ 1876 _37F ________ eventual record low minimum _(t1939,74)__ ____ ____ __ 6.33, 3.53 1930 _ With a very mild February and a hot summer, opportunities for record cold values came mostly in the spring and autumn, although later August was also rather cool. From 2.0 record low maxima, 1.5 have survived. And from 5.83 record low minima, 5.33 have survived. That survival rate of 91.4% was second only to 1910 to this point in the data (100% but from just one survivor). High survival rates became more and more common after the next 100% case in 1932 (which preserved all of its 3.5 count). The first year to preserve all records with a higher count than 1930 was 1976. Only 1940 (5.5), 1963 (6.5) and 1976 (6.0) had more surviving low minimum records than 1930 in the interval 1927 to 2021. There were also two "coldest since" record low minima as detailed below: Coldest since _____ 1930 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 23, 1872 (29F) ____ 32 _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Aug 12, 1889 (55F) ____ 56 ______ -- -- _______ 2.0 (records for 1930 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 24 ____ 44 __ 31 _____ tied 1883 _44F ______ eventual record low maximum (t1883) __0.5, 0.5 _Apr 24 ___(min)_ 31 ____ 1888 _33F ___________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 May 31 ___ (63) __ 46 ____ 1884,1915 _48F _____ eventual record low minimum _(t1924,1938)_ ____ __1.5, 1.33 July 15 ____(80) __ 57 _____ 1926 _58F __________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 2.33 Aug 13 ____(77) __ 55 _____ 1902 _57F __________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 3.33 Aug 15 ____ 68 __(63) _____ tied 1887 _68F ______1992 _66F _______________________________ 1.0, 0.5 Aug 23 ____ 63 __(56) _____ 1874,90 _68F ________eventual record low maximum _____ 2.0, 1.5 Oct 20 ____ (50) __36 ______t1871,72 _36F _______1940,52 _33F, 1972 _32F, 1974 _31F __ ____ ____ __3.83, 3.33 Nov 7 _____(62) __ 29 ______1869 _31F ___________eventual record low minimum______ ____ ____ __ 4.83, 4.33 Nov 28 ___ (27) __ 15 ______ 1871 _16F ___________eventual record low minimum______ ____ ____ __ 5.83, 5.33 Summary of records set in the decade 1921-30 The pace of record setting was generally only somewhat lower than the previous decade since totals are judged against lower expectations, as the number of records expected by 1930 was 5.9, and the decade average was 6.5. Slight declines in totals from the previous decade would therefore be expected (for records set during years, the number of surviving records is always constant at 2.4 per year). From a total of 34.5 low maxima set, barely half the expected number, the number of survivors is 17.58. The total number of low minima set during the decade was 60.25, of which 34.7 have survived (random expectation for that is always around 24 per decade). The decade had a total count of 26.75 "coldest since" record low minima, and the total count so far is 87, against a total of 237.2 record low minima. Since some of that count would involve later ties, which would remove years to 1930 from being eligible to set "coldest since" records, the ratio is more realistically 87.1 for about 200 or so. So what we can conclude is that by 1930, about one quarter of dates had seen both their record low minima and the coldest value that would occur thereafter. Another quarter to third of dates had seen their record lows but not yet the coldest since. And about 40% of dates had not seen their record low yet by 1930, or at least had a tie of an existing record low yet to occur. __ Log of Record Lows 1931-40 __ 1931 _ This was generally warm year with few days below normal, let alone close to record cold values. An interval from May 12 to 14 is shown but none of these cool readings were quite records. From the one record low maximum set on August 11th, the eventual count is 0.33 after that was tied in 1933 and again in 1962. The count of one record low maximum was third behind 1906 and 1929 (tied at 0.83) so far; the first year to have no record low maxima was 1936. There was only a count of 0.5 record low minima (May 23rd, tied 1929) which only survived to May 23, 1935; only 1908 (no record low minima) had a lower total within the year to this time, and only 1870, 1901, 1906, 1908 and 1921 had zero survivors before 1931 joined the list. Of those, 1870, 1901 and 1906 had earlier extinction dates and were all at zero before 1931 started (1908 had none to go extinct). Also, there was one "coldest since record low" value for minima, as shown below: Coldest since _____ 1931 value __ tied by ___ count Nov 7, 1930 (29F) ______ 30 _____ -- -- ______ 1.0 (records for 1931 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 13 ___ (52) __ (47) _____ not records in 1931 (49, 40). May 13 ___ (50) __ (46) _____ not records in 1931 (49, 39). May 14 ___ (52) __ (45) _____ not records in 1931 (50, 40). May 23 ___ (66) __ 46 ______tied 1929 _46F __ 1935 _44F, 1963 _43F _________________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Aug 11 ____ 68 __ (63) ______1890,1916 _69F __ eventual record low maximum (t1933,62)_ 1.0, 0.33 1932 _ This was a somewhat colder year once the record warm January and mild February had run their course. March had some quite cold days that are shown in more detail as several near-records occurred as well as one actual one. There were brief cold spells otherwise, and July was rather cool but set no records. Nov 27th was a particularly cold day but the cold was not sustained and it was very mild late in December. From only 1.5 record low maxima, the surviving count is 0.5. From 3.5 low minima, all have survived, making this the first year to achieve that status (100% survival rate). The tied record (Nov 27th) equalled a mark set earlier in 1898, otherwise the three records are all in the spring to early summer. In addition, there were two "coldest since" record low minima, and a count of 0.83 for those: Coldest since _____ 1932 value __ tied by ___ count June 19, 1920 (52F) _____ 54 _____ 2022 ____ 0.5 Nov 28, 1930 (15F) ______ 22 ____ 1936,51 __ 0.83 (also coldest 19F between tied record lows Nov 26 1880, 1938 of 16F) (records for 1932 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 9 ____ 28 __ (15) ____ 1880 _29F _________ 1996 _24F _____________________________ 1.0, 0.0 Mar 10 __ (35) __ (15) _____ not records in 1932 (29, 12). Mar 16 __ (26) __ (16) _____ not records in 1932 (24, 15). Apr 27 ___(48) __ 37 ______1874,97,1926 _38F _ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 June 8 ___ (67) __ 47 ______ 1894 _49F_________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 June 24 __(76) __ 52 ______ tied 1881 _54F_____ eventual record low minimum(t1881)____ __ 2.5, 2.5 Nov 27____ 28 __ 12 ______ tied 1898 _28F______eventual record low maximum (t1898)_1.5, 0.5 _Nov 27__ (min)_ 12 ______ 1903,17 _19F______ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 3.5 1933 _ The first two thirds of this year were relatively warm with only limited opportunities for record breaking cold. The autumn and December were more variable and had frequent cold spells. What kept the count down somewhat was that 1933 tended to follow the path of earlier extreme years for cold rather than hitting easier stretches where its temperatures would have set more records. Some of these near misses are added to the table. From a count of 4.0 low maxima, the eventual count was 2.33. Then from 6.083 record low minima, the count was 3.5. There were nine "coldest since" record low minima, and a count of 6.533 for that statistic. This is the highest count so far and later surpassed only by 1940, 1967, 1976, and 2018 (thus in 5th place overall). Coldest since _____ 1933 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 27, 1932 (36F) _______37 __ 1967, 2000 __ 0.33 June 14, 1875 (49F) ______50 _____ -- -- _______ 1.33 July 14, 1926 (58F) ______ 60 _____ 1940 _____ 1.83 Oct 25, 1879 (29F) ______ 36_1880,96,1903,62_ 2.033 Oct 29, 1925 (31F) ______ 31 _____ 1965 ______2.533 Nov 5, 1879 (23F) _______29 _____ -- -- _______ 3.533 Dec 28, 1917 (8F) _______ 10 _____ -- -- _______ 4.533 Dec 29, 1917 (-6F) ______ -3 ______ -- -- _______ 5.533 Dec 30, 1917 (-13F) _____ -6 ______ -- -- _______ 6.533 (records for 1933 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 11 __(32) __ 16 ____ 1885, 1918 _17F ___ t1939 _16F, 1960 _14F ___________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 June 15 __(71) __48 _____1884 _49F __________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 1.0 July 3 ____(65) __54 _____ 1929 _55F __________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 2.0 July 4 ____(76) __58 _____ t1874,82,1909_58F __ 1938 _57F, 1986 _55F _________________ ____ ____ __ 3.25, 2.0 July 16 ___70 __(65)_____ 1884 _72F __________ eventual record low maximum ______ 1.0, 1.0 Aug 11___68 __(60)_____ tied 1931_68F ______eventual record low maximum (t1931,62)_1.5, 1.33 Sep 15 ___58 __(54)_____ 1872 _61F __________ 1954 _57F _________________________________2.5, 1.33 Nov 11 __(45) __28 _____ t1873,1926 _28F ___ 2017 _24F ________________________________ ____ ____ __3.58, 2.0 Nov 15 ___32 __ 21 _____ 1883 _36F __________ eventual record low maximum ______ 3.5, 2.33 _Nov 15 __(min)_21 _____1883 _24F __________ 1967 _20F _______________________________ ____ ____ __4.58, 2.0 Nov 16 __(30)__ 17 ______1883 _21F __________ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 5.58, 3.0 Nov 17 __(36) __ 19 _____ tied 1924 _19F ______eventual record low minimum (t1924)__ ____ __6.08, 3.5 Dec 12 __ 24 __(15) ______ t1917 _24F _________ 1960 _21F, 1988 _20F ___________________ 4.0, 2.33 Dec 29 __(12) __(-3)______ not records in 1933 (8, -6 in 1917) Dec 30 __(15) __(-6)______ not records in 1933 (2, -13 in 1917) 1934 _ The severe cold of Nov-Dec 1933 relented in January but returned at the end of the month and lasted all through February and parts of March. This set a number of records including the lowest minimum temperature (-15 F) of the data series on February 9th. Temperatures in upstate New York were below -40 in this extraordinary outbreak, and Toronto also had some of its lowest temperatures in a longer data set. The rest of 1934 became rather warm and some parts of the summer were extremely hot. Overall, this led to a total of 3.5 record low maxima, all of them retained at the end of the data. This was the first year to manage the perfect survival of its record low maxima (1910 had done it for low minima). It would happen numerous times later since those records were more and more unlikely to be broken. Also, the year set 5.75 record low minima (now higher than expectation as that had fallen to 5.5); 3.5 of those were also eventual record lows. There were seven "coldest since" record low minima, which had a count of 5.17 for the year. Details of those follow: Coldest since _____ 1934 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 10, 1899 (-6F) ______ -2 ______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Feb 25, 1894,1914 (1F) __ 9 ______ -- -- _______ 2.0 Apr 26, 1919 (31F) ______ 38 ___ 1972,76 _____2.33 Apr 28, 1874 (31F) ______ 34 ______ -- -- _______3.33 Aug 6, 1869 (56F) _______ 57 ___ 1957, 94 ____ 3.67 Oct 13, 1875 (34F) ______ 36 ______ -- -- _______4.67 Dec 11, 1880 (6F) _______ 11 ______ 1917 _____ 5.17 (records for 1934 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 30 ___ 16 ___( 7) ____ 1908 _18F _________ eventual record low maximum ___ 1.0, 1.0 Feb 8 ____(21) __ -7 ______ 1895 _2F __________ eventual record low minimum___ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Feb 9 _____ 8 __ -15 ______ 1899 _11, -2F _____ eventual record low max and min** _ 2.0, 2.0 __ 2.0, 2.0 Feb 20 ___(30) __ 9 _______ tied 1893 _9F _____t1936 _9F, 1950 _7F, 2015 _2F ______ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 2.0 Feb 25 ___16 __( 9) _______ 1910 _23F ________ eventual record low maximum __ 3.0, 3.0 Feb 28 ___(25)___ 5 ______ 1888 _8F __________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 3.0 Mar 23 __ (25) __13 ______ tied 1875 _13F ____ eventual record low minimum (t1875)_ ___ ____ __4.0, 3.5 Aug 13 ___ 68 __(58)______ tied 1873 _68F_____eventual record low maximum (t1873)_3.5, 3.5 Aug 30 ___(73) __ 52 ______ 1912 _54F _________1965 _50F _____________________________ ____ ____ __5.0, 3.5 Oct 14 ___(58) __ 38 ______ t1874,75,87 _38F __ t1937 _38F, 1988 _37F _______________ ____ ____ __ 5.25, 3.5 Dec 12 ___(32) __ 11 ______ tied 1917 _11F ____ 1960 _9F, 1988 _5F ___________________ ____ ____ __ 5.75, 3.5 __________________________________________ ** also lowest minimum for February and calendar year. 1935 _ This was overall a rather average year with a fairly equal distribution of warm and cold spells. It held a similar status to 1934 in preserving all of its 4.0 low maximum records until 2019 tied Jan 31st (16F) and reduced the survival rate to 87.5% (3.5). There were only 1.5 record low minima, of which none have survived. The extinction date was Oct 8, 1988. There were also three "coldest since" record low minima, with the count 2.5, details below: Coldest since _____ 1935 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 28, 1925 (-2F) ______ -1 ______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Jan 30, 1873 (-1F) ______ 4 _______ 1948 _____ 1.5 Dec 5, 1926 (11F) ______15 ______ -- -- _______ 2.5 (records for 1935 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 31 ____ 16 __ ( 2) ____ 1872 _22F _________ eventual record low maximum (t2019)_ 1.0, 0.5 May 23 ___(62) __44 ____ 1929,31 _46F ______ 1963 _43F _____________________________ ____ ____ __1.0, 0.0 June 19 ___59 __(55) ____ 1891 _63F _________ eventual record low maximum _____ 2.0, 1.5 Sept 3 ____62 __(58) ____ 1872 _65F _________ eventual record low maximum _____ 3.0, 2.5 Oct 6 _____ 50 __(41) ____1885 _53F _________ eventual record low maximum _____ 4.0, 3.5 Oct 8 _____(59) __39 _____ t1885 _39F _______ t1964 (39F), 1988 _37F_________________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 0.0 1936 _ Most remembered for its record-breaking 106F reading on July 9th, there were some other warm spells in May, August, September and December, but quite a few rather cold spells. Despite that, 1936 became the first year not to set a low maximum record during the year. At that point, The closest readings to records (and all but the last mentioned instance of this still applies) were 29F on Nov 27th, one degree above the tied record of 28F (1898, 1932), and two instances of a 2F miss (18F on Feb 19th, record 16 from 1903, and 66 on June 13th, record was 64F from 1875, 1924, later fell several times ending up 55F in 1982). In 1936, none of the earlier years that would reach extinction had done so, 1890 would join it in August, 1937, and 1939 also set no low maxima, while 1908 went extinct in 1940. 1906, 1910, and 1922 went extinct later. The year was far more productive in low minima, setting a total of 6.167 records of which 5.0 have survived. At random by 1936 we can expect 5.4 records per year (2.4 survivors). There were also six "coldest since" record low minima with a count of 4.083, details below: Coldest since _____ 1936 value __ tied by ___ count May 29, 1884,1902 (43F) _44 ______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Apr 25, 1919 (29F) _______ 37 ____ 1920,56,67 _ 1.25 June 24, 1881,1932 (52F) _54 ______ 1947 _____ 1.75 Oct 26, 1869,79 (30F) ____ 31 ______ -- -- _______ 2.75 Nov 27, 1932 (12F) _______22 ______ -- -- _______ 3.75 Nov 28, 1930 (15F) _______22 ____ 1932, 1951 _ 4.083 (records for 1936 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 23 ____ (24) __ -3 ____ 1871,82 _0F _______ eventual record low minimum ____________ 1.0, 1.0 Feb 18*___(41) __ 1 _____ 1903 _4F __________ eventual record low minimum ____________ 2.0, 2.0 Feb 19*___(18) __ 9 _____ t1893, 1934 _9F ____1950 _7F, 2015 _2F ___________________________ 2.33, 2.0 Oct 27 ____(43) __28_____ 1869 _30F __________eventual record low minimum ___________ 3.33, 3.0 Oct 28 ____(49) __33 ____ t1914 _33F _________ 1976 _29F ___________________________________ 3.83, 3.0 Nov 18 ___ (49) __18 ____ 1924 _19F __________eventual record low minimum ____________4.83, 4.0 Nov 19 ___ (37) __ 18 ____1880, 1924 _21F ____ eventual record low minimum ____________5.83, 5.0 ________________________________________ * The Feb 18-19 sequence looks odd, but apparently what happened was that a cold front arrived early Feb 18, dropped temps steadily to the evening hours, a minimum of 1 F was reached, then by midnight it was 9 F, began to snow a little during this weak warming phase, and another shot of colder air arrived so the max on 19th stayed low at 18F. (from historical weather maps). 1937 _ The year started mild and then became more average with few large departures from normal in either direction. From only 2.5 low maximum records, 0.83 is the count for surviving records. From 1.2 record low minima, none have survived. The extinction date was September 18th, 1990. Also there was just one "coldest since" a record low, with the count 0.5 as that was tied. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1937 value __ tied by ___ count Oct 15, 1876 (32F) _____ 34 ______ 1877 _______ 0.5 (in addition, 58F on July 2nd tied with 1940 and 1988 as coldest between tied record lows of 56F in 1888 and 2001) (also 38F on Oct 9th was tied with 1895 as the coldest reading between tied records of 37F in 1888 and 1988 and that equalled the "coldest since" value in 2000). (records for 1937 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 26 ___ 35 ___(24) ____ tied 1872 _35F ___ eventual record low maximum (t1872, 1947)_ 0.5, 0.33 Aug 24 ___ 64 ___(60) ____ 1890 _65F ________ eventual record low maximum (t1945) __ 1.5, 0.83 Sep 13 ___ 61 ___(54) ____ 1911 _64F ________ 1965 _59F ________________________________ 2.5, 0.83 Sep 18 ___(21) __ 45 _____ 1871,75 _46F _____ 1990 _44F _______________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Oct 14 ___(58) __ 38 _____ t1874,75,87,1934_38F _ 1988 _37F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.2, 0.0 1938 _ This was a generally warm year, the only significant cold spells came in late June and again in late November after a warm start to the month. The count of record low maxima was just 2.5 with 2.0 surviving. There were 4.33 record low minima, of which two have survived. There were also three "coldest since" record low minima, with the count 2.5, details below: Coldest since _____ 1938 value __ tied by ___ count May 12, 1874,1907 (40F) __41 _____ -- -- ______ 1.0 June 29, 1888,1919 (52F) __56 _____ -- -- ______ 2.0 Nov 24, 1880 (14F) ________ 21 _____ 1970 ____ 2.5 (records for 1938 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 18 ____ (17) __( 6) ____ not records in 1938 (16_1921, 1_1875). Mar 3 ____ (49) __ 11 ____ tied 1925 _11F ____ eventual record low minimum ** _ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.17 May 23 ___(62) __44 ____ 1929,31 _46F ______ 1963 _43F _____________________________ ____ ____ __1.0, 0.0 May 31 ___ (68) __ 46 ____ t1924,30 _46F ____ eventual record low minimum (t1924,30) _ ____ ____ __ 0.83, 0.5 June 1 ____ (72) __ 47 ____ 1876 _49F ________ 1945 _44F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.83, 0.5 June 27 ___ 63 __ (58) ____ tied 1893 _63F ____1968 _61F _____________________________ 0.5, 1.5 June 28 ___ 60 __ (57) ____ 1914 _65F _________ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.5, 1.0 July 4 _____(78) __ 57 ____ 1874,82,1909,33_58F __1986 _55F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.83, 0.5 Nov 25 ___ 29 __ 19 ___ 1881,1917 _30F; 1917_21F _eventual record low max & min ___ 2.5, 2.0 __ 3.83, 1.5 Nov 26 ___(29) __ 16 ___ tied 1880 _16F _______ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 4.33, 2.0 ____________________________ ** Mar 3 record low min (11F) eventually a six-way tie 1925, 1938, 1943, 1950, 1962, 2003. 9F on Mar 4th 1938 was not a record low (6F 1872) nor a "coldest since" with 7F in 1943. 1939 _ This was a more average year for temperatures, often rather close to average, 1939 became the second year to have no record low maxima (after 1936) and its closest approach was three degrees (52F May 13th, record was then 49F from 1914, is now 48F from 2019). There were just two record low minima with an eventual count of 0.33. The year had just one "coldest since" record low minimum, since tied, for a count of 0.5. Details below: Coldest since _____ 1939 value __ tied by ___ count July 23, 1871,90 (58F) ___ 59 ______ 1992 _____ 0.5 (records for 1939 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 11 ___ (32) __ 16 ____ tied 1933 _16F ____ 1960 _14F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Oct 18 ___ (54) __ 35 ____ tied 1929 _35F _____ eventual record low minimum (t1929,74) _ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.33 1940 _ This was a colder year that was similar to 1917 and 1926. Cold spells were frequent and sometimes quite prolonged. April and October were particular cool months and the summer while it had a few hot days was often quite chilly. From 8.0 low maxima, there were 5.0 surviving records. The count was the highest since 1917 (8.83) and has not been surpassed since 1940, while the eventual count was the highest since 1918 (6.0), and second only to 1962 (5.33) while tied with 1945 for years after 1918. From a count of 10.33 low minima, there were 5.5 surviving, again both higher than all years after 1920 (count 11.08) or 1926 for survivors (6.33) except for 1963 (6.5) and 1976 (6.0). The expected number of records within the year has fallen to 5.1 (surviving always 2.4). In addition, 1940 had nine "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 7.25, higher than all following years except 1967 and 1976 (tied at 9.583). It was also in third place overall as it overtook 1933 with 6.53. Details below: Coldest since _____ 1940 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 23, 1875, 1934 (13F) __18 _____ -- -- ______ 1.0 Apr 13, 1874 (22F) _________26 _____ -- -- ______ 2.0 June 21, 1897 (49F) _______ 52 _____ -- -- ______ 3.0 July 3, 1933 (54F)__________58 ______ 2001 _____3.5 July 14, 1877,88,1926 (58F)_60 ______1933 _____ 4.0 Aug 21, 1922 (53F) ________55 ______ -- -- ______ 5.0 Aug 26, 1887 (53F) _______ 54 ______ -- -- ______ 6.0 Nov 26, 1880, 1938 (16F) _ 25 ___ 1949,78,93 _ 6.25 Dec 4, 1882 (10F) _________11 ______ -- -- ______ 7.25 (records for 1940 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 20 ____ (20) __ 7 ____ 1875,84,1918 _8F __ 1946 _5F, 1985 _4F, 1994 _0F _________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Apr 13 ____ 35 __(26) ____ tied 1875 _3F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1875)_ 0.5, 0.5 Apr 14 ____ 41 __ 30 ____ 1923,29 _42F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1948)_ 1.5, 1.0 _Apr 14 __ (min) _ 30 ___ t1875,85 _30F____1950 _26F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.33, 0.0 Apr 15 ____(52) __ 31 ____ 1875,1928_33F __ 1943 _28F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.33, 0.0 Apr 21 ____ 40 __ (36) ____ 1875 _43F ________eventual record low maximum _____2.5, 2.0 June 22 ___(74) __ 52 _____ tied 1897 _52F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1897)____ ____ __ 2.83, 0.5 June 24 ___ 59 __ (56) ____ 1873,1903 _62F ___ eventual record low maximum ____ 3.5, 3.0 June 27 ___(80) __ 55 _____1893,1905,15,27_56F__eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 3.83, 1.5 July 12 ____ 69 ___(59)_____1898 _70F ________ 1990 _67F ____________________________ 4.5, 3.0 Aug 25 ____(69) __ 52 _____1927 _54F ________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 4.83, 2.5 Aug 26 ____61 ___(54)_____1908 _64F ________ eventual record low maximum ____ 5.5, 4.0 Aug 28 ____60 ___(56)_____1927 _65F ________ eventual record low maximum ____ 6.5, 5.0 Sep 26 ____(60)___ 42 _____1879,87,94,1928_43F _eventual record low minimum___ ____ ____ __ 5.83, 3.5 Sep 27 ____(68)___ 43 _____tied 1887 _43F ____1947,57 _41F ________________________ ____ ____ __ 6.33, 3.5 Oct 19 ____ 45 ___ 30 _____1869,80 _49F _____ 1972 _43F ____________________________ 7.5, 5.0 _Oct 19 __ (min) __ 30 ____ 1922 _35F ________eventual record low minimum___ ____ ____ __ 7.33, 4.5 Oct 20 ____ 48 ___ 33 _____ tied 1869 _48F ___ 1952 _47F, 1974 _44F ________________ 8.0, 5.0 _Oct 20 __ (min) __33 ____ 1871,72,1930_36F__ t1952 _33F, 1972 _32F, 1974 _31F_ ____ ____ __ 8.33, 4.5 Oct 22 ____ (51) __ 30 ____ 1888 _33F _________eventual record low minimum__ ____ ____ __ 9.33, 5.5 Dec 3 _____ (34) __ 11 _____ 1875,82 _14F _____ 1976 _9F __________________________ ____ ____ __10.33, 5.5 Summary of records set in the decade 1931-40 The pace of record setting was heading considerably lower until 1940 brought it back up into almost the range of the previous decades. From 27.0 daily low maximum records, 18.0 have survived. At random there were expected totals of about 55 and 24, so these are both below expectation, especially the raw numbers. For low minimum records, 40.03 records in total generated 23.33 eventual records. These are both closer to random expectations. The decade had a total count of 30.867 "coldest since" record low minima, and the total count so far is 117.8, against a total of 260.53 record low minima. Since some of that count would involve later ties, which would remove years to 1940 from being eligible to set "coldest since" records, the ratio is more realistically 118 for about 230 or so. With 1940 close to the halfway mark of the data (currently that would be mid-1945) over two thirds of the days of the year had seen at least some if not all tied eventual record low minima, but only one-third had seen the coldest since that record (a few because there would be a later tied value). __ Log of Record Lows 1941-50 __ 1941 _ This was a generally rather warm year but March was quite cold, and there were brief cold spells at some other points. March did not manage to set any records, the 17th had a maximum of 28F but that was four above the 1916 record. The records set (in the summer despite generally warm weather) were few in number. From a count of 2.0 low maxima, none have survived. The extinction date was July 4, 1978. Also, the 1.0 record low minimum in August did not survive. The extinction date was August 14, 1964. 1941 thus became the fourth year to have no surviving low records, either maximum or minimum. 1906 had already reached that status in 1940 and 1908 would do so in 1951 (but after 1944). The next year to go "extinct" in both categories would be 1944 which lost its only record (a tied minimum) the following year (June 5, 1945). Otherwise there are seven others all after 2000. So 1941 had become the fourth such year before any of those happened (some set no records in either category). There were also two "coldest since" record lows with a count of 1.33. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1941 value __ tied by ___ count Aug 13, 1930 (55F) _____ 56 _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 Aug 18, 1915 (55F) _____ 57 _____ 1923,24 ____ 1.33 (records for 1941 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 13 ___ 61 __(57) ____ 1875, 1924 _64F ___ 1962 _58F, 1982 _55F ________________ 1.0, 0.0 July 4 ______64 __(62) ____ 1909 _68F ________ 1978 _62F ______________________________2.0, 0.0 Aug 14 ___ (79)__ 55 ____ 1893 _56F _________ 1964 _54F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 1942 _ This year turned quite cold at times, particularly December. It was not, however, a prolific producer of cold records. From a count of 2.0 low maxima, one (April 10th) has survived. Also, the 2.33 record low minima have left 1.33 survivors (notably Dec 20th). There were also three "coldest since" record lows with a count of 2.33. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1942 value __ tied by ___ count July 7, 1914 (56F) _____ 59 ______1948,79 ____0.33 Dec 19, 1884 (-1F) ______ 8 _______ -- -- ______ 1.33 Dec 21, 1871 (-2F) ______-1 _______ -- -- ______ 2.33 (records for 1942 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 8 _____ 14 ___ 5______1887 _16F, 7F _____ 1968 _13F, 2F _________________________ 1.0, 0.0 __ 1.0, 0.0 Apr 10 ___ 37 __(34) ____ 1900,09 _39F ______eventual record low maximum ___ 2.0, 1.0 Sep 29 ___(61) __ 42 ____ t1888,1914 _42F ____eventual record low minimum (t1888,1914) ___ __1.33, 0.33 Dec 20 ___( 8)*__ -4 _____ 1884 _-3F _________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 2.33, 1.33 1943 _ The winter of 1942-43 continued rather cold and there was one more very cold day (Feb 15th) which produced low max and min values not surpassed since (8, -8). The spring was also quite cold, while the rest of the year became more average after a very warm June. There were 3.5 record low maxima, with the count 2.167. The count for record low minima was 3.33, with the eventual surviving number 3.167. In addition there were four "coldest since" record low minima, with the count 3.0. Details below: Coldest since _____ 1943 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 4, 1872 (6F) ________ 7 _______ -- -- ________1.0 Apr 16, 1928 (29F) _____ 30 _______ -- -- ________2.0 Sep 19, 1929 (44F) _____ 48 _______1959 _______2.5 Nov 17, 1924,33 (19F) __ 26 ______ 1959 _______3.0 (records for 1943 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 15 ___ 8 ___ -8 _______ 1875 _14F______ eventual record low maximum _______ 1.0, 1.0 _Feb 15 __(min) _-8 _______1888, 1916 _3F__eventual record low minimum _______ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Mar 3 ____ 26 __ 11 ______ 1884 _27F ______ eventual record low maximum (t1950, 2009)_2.0, 1.33 _Mar 3 __ (min)_ 11 ______t1925,38 ________ eventual record low minimum ** ______ ____ ____ __ 1.33, 1.17 Apr 15 ___ 41 __ 28 _____ t1885 _41F ______ eventual record low maximum (t1885) __2.5, 1.83 _Apr 15 __ (min) _28 ____ 1940 _31F _______ eventual record low minimum __________ ____ ____ __ 2.33, 2.17 June 30 __ 69 __(60) _____tied 1927 _69F ___ 1967 _65F __________________________________3.0, 1.83 July 1 ____(74) __ 52 ______ 1900, 25_56F __eventual record low minimum _________ ____ ____ __ 3.33, 3.17 July 7 ____ 71 __ (63) _____ t1914 _73F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1914,87) __ 3.5, 2.17 ______________ ** Mar 3 low minimum tied with 1925, 1938, 1950, 1962, 2003. 1944 _ 1944 was generally quite a warm year and produced almost no record lows. There were no record low maxima (the third such year after 1936, 1939). The closest approach (valid in 1944 and in the first two cases still valid) was within 3 F deg on April 15th (44F), April 24th (47F), and June 4th (67F) -- the last of these was removed from that stature the next year when 1945 blew away the record with 52F. For record low minima, the count is a mere 0.5, achieved by a tied record on June 5th which was extinct the following year (June 5, 1945). There was just one "coldest since" record low minimum that has three ties for a count of 0.25. Details below: Coldest since _____ 1944 value __ tied by ___ count July 22, 1871,90 (58F) __ 61 ____ 1923,29,56 ___ 0.25 (records in 1944 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 5 ____(69) __ 50 _____tied 1920 _50F____ 1945 _47F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 1945 _ After some cold weather in January, the spring turned very warm, with a return to colder weather during May. The interval from June 1st to 6th was exceptionally cold and set many records including a tie of the monthly low maximum (52F) and the monthly low minimum (44F). The rest of the year was closer to average in general, although sometimes rather cool, and December turned quite cold again but only came within 3 or 4 degrees of existing record lows. From a count of 5.5 record low maxima, 5.0 have survived. In years since 1945, only 1962 has more surviving record low maxima (5.33). The count for record low minima was 4.25, which was only reduced to 4.20 eventually when 1946 joined what had been a four-way tie for the record on June 2nd. In addition, there were four "coldest since" record low minimum values, for a count of 2.167. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1945 value __ tied by ___ count June 4, 1926 (48F) ____ 49 ___ 1929, 2023 ___ 0.333 July 12, 1926 (57F) ____58 _______1973,90 ____0.667 Aug 24, 1890 (52F) ____53 ________ -- -- ______1.667 Oct 4, 1888 (37F) _____ 38 ________ 1974 _____ 2.167 (records for 1945 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 25 ____(15) ___ 2 _____1882,88 _3F _____ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 June 1 ____ 58 __ 44 _____ 1897 _60F _______ eventual record low maximum (t2015) __1.0, 0.5 _June 1 __ (min) _44 _____1938 _ 47F _______ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 June 2 ____(63) __48 _____t1880,1907,29 ____eventual record low minimum (t1880,1907,29,46) ___ __ 2.25, 2.2 June 3 ____ 53 __ (50) ____1907 _58F _______ eventual record low maximum ______ 2.0, 1.5 June 4 ____ 52 __ (49) ____1927 _64F _______ eventual record low maximum ______ 3.0, 2.5 June 5 ____ 55 __ 47 _____1920_57F; 1920,44 _50F _ eventual record low max & min______ 4.0, 3.5 __ 3.25, 3.2 June 6 ____(70) __ 47 ____ 1878 _49F ________ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 4.25, 4.2 Aug 24 ____64 __ (53) ____tied 1937 _64F ___ eventual record low maximum (t1937) __ 4.5, 4.0 Sep 17 ___ 57 __ (51) ____ 1924 _61F ________ eventual record low maximum ______ 5.5, 5.0 1946 _ This was a warmer year with only brief cold spells. The counts for record low maxima were 2.0 both original and eventual shares. This was the second year to achieve 100% survival of its records to the present time. There were just 2.2 record low minima of which 1.2 have survived. Also there were two "coldest since" record low minima, details follow: Coldest since _____ 1946 value __ tied by ___ count June 3, 1929 (46F) ___ 47 _________ -- -- ______ 1.0 July 17, 1892 (57F)___ 59 _________ -- -- ______ 2.0 (records for 1946 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 20 ___(27) ___ 5 _____1940 _7F ________ 1985 _4F, 1994 _0F __________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Apr 27 ___45 __ (38) ____ 1882,93,97,1916_46F __eventual record low maximum __1.0, 1.0 June 2 ___ 52 __ 48 ______t1907 _52F ______ eventual record low maximum (t1907) 1.5, 1.5 _June 2 _ (min) _48 ____t1880,1907,29,45 ___eventual record low minimum (t1880,1907,29,45) ____ __ 1.2, 0.2 July 16 ___ (79) __ 56 ____1926 _56F ______ eventual record low minimum (t1926) __ ____ ____ __ 2.2, 1.2 Aug 19 ___ 70 __ (64) ___ tied 1881 _70F__ eventual record low maximum (t1881) _ 2.0, 2.0 1947 _ Jan-Feb 1947 had a rather average winter, while Europe had very cold weather (especially February), but that cold appeared in the spring in NYC and left quite a few records, two of which fell in May, 2020, so that the count is not as impressive for surviving low minima as it was before (it was 6.5). Another very cool interval was late September before a record warm October. There were 3.33 low maxima with just 1.33 surviving. However the year produced 8.0 low minima and a count of 4.5 has survived. In addition, there are three "coldest since" low minima with a count of 2.0; details follow: Coldest since _____ 1947 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 22, 1875 (28F) _______ 33 ______ 1922 _____ 0.5 June 24, 1881,1932 (52F) _ 54 ______ 1936 _____ 1.0 Sep 26, 1940 (42F) _______ 43 ______ -- -- ______ 2.0 (records for 1947 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 26 ____ 35 __ 21 _____t1872,1937 35F ___ eventual record low maximum (t1872,1937) _ 0.33, 0.33 _Mar 26 __ (min) _ 21 _____t1880 _21F ______ 1960 _20F _______________________________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 May 2 _____ 48 __ (43) _____1888 _49F _____ t1953 _48F, 1962 _45F ____________________ 1.33, 0.33 May 8 _____ 50 __ 37 _____ 1884 _51F ______ 1962 _49F _________________________________ 2.33, 0.33 _May 8 ___ (min) _ 37 _____1897,98 _40F ___ 2020 _36F _________________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 0.0 May 9 ____ (50) __ 35 _____ 1923 _38F _______2020 _34F _________________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 0.0 May 10 ___ (62) __ 36 _____ 1902,23 _38F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1966) _ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 0.5 May 15 ___ (58) __ 42 _____ tied 1920 _42F __ eventual record low minimum (t1920) _ ____ ____ __ 4.0, 1.0 June 8 ____ 56 __ (52) _____ 1869,1916_57F __ eventual record low maximum ________ 3.33, 1.33 Sep 23 ___ (60) __ 41 ______1875 _43F _______eventual record low minimum ________ ____ ____ __ 5.0, 2.0 Sep 27 ___ (61) __ 41 ______1887, 1940_ 43F__eventual record low minimum (t1957) ____ ____ __ 6.0, 2.5 Sep 28 ___ (63) __ 41______ 1914 _ 42F ______ eventual record low minimum ________ ____ ____ __ 7.0, 3.5 Oct 1 _____(60) __ 36 ______1916 _41F _______ eventual record low minimum ________ ____ ____ __ 8.0, 4.5 1948 _ Most of this year was quite warm and when intervals were cold they rarely went close to record temperatures. There were two tied record low maxima for a count of 0.83, of which the surviving count is 0.50. There were no record low minima set during the year. This was the second such year after 1908. The closest approach to a record low minimum was Jan 31st when 0 F was one degree above the 1920 record of -1F. However there were four "coldest since" record lows with a count of 2.33. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1948 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 30, 1873 (-1F) ______ 4 _________ 1935 ____ 0.5 Jan 31, 1920 (-1F) ______ 0 _________ -- -- _____ 1.5 Mar 5, 1872 (3F) _______ 9 _________ 1873 ____ 2,0 July 7, 1914 (56F) ______59 ______ 1942,79 ___ 2.33 (records for 1948 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 14 ___ 41 __ (39) _______ tied 1940 _41F ___ eventual record low maximum (t1940) _ 0.5, 0.5 Aug 20 ___ 70 __ (66) _______ t1893,1900 _70F __1990 _68F _________________________________ 0.83, 0.5 1949 _ This was a very warm year and quite often dry. Record lows or even below normal temperatures were very infrequent and rarely sustained. There was one tied low maximum which was 74F on July 17th, and this both tied 1873 and was further tied in 1962 before the extinction date of July 17, 1992 (72F). 30F on Nov 27th was not a record (28F in 1898, 1932) but is now tied with July 17th as being closest to an existing record low maximum in 1949. The count of 0.5 was fourth lowest so far, after three years with no record low maxima (1936,39,44). The production of record low minima was equally sparse, with one record but that has survived (55F on August 20th). There were also two "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 1.25. Coldest since _____ 1949 value __ tied by ___ count May 30, 1884 (42F) ____ 45 ________ -- -- ____ 1.0 Nov 26, 1880,1932 (19F) _27 ___1940,78,93 ___ 1.25 (records for 1949 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) July 17 ___74 __ (70) ______ tied 1873 _74F ___tied 1962 _74F, 1992 _72F ___________ 0.5, 0.0 Aug 20 ___(76) __ 55 ______ 1871,1922 _56F ___ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 1950 _ January continued the previous year's trend of warmth, but colder months followed and April, 1950 was quite chilly. A few days in the summer and early autumn were cold, but from October to December it was once again often warmer than average. From just 1.5 record low maxima, the count was 1.17 for surviving records. From 5.45 record low minima, the surviving count was 2.17. Only 1963 (7.5) and 1976 (6.0) would have more record low minima in years remaining. By 1950, the random expectation was 4.5 records. There were were three "coldest since" record lows with a count of 2.5. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1950 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 2, 1891 (9F) _______ 12 _______ 1962 _____ 0.5 July 15, 1930 (57F) _____ 60 _______ -- -- ______ 1.5 Sep 25, 1887 (40F) _____ 41 _______ -- -- ______ 2.5 (also 45F on May 20 was tied with 1957, 1976, 1994 as lowest reading between tied record lows 43F (1907, 2002). (records for 1950 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 20 ___(27) ___ 7 ______1893,1934,36 _9F ___ 2015 _2F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 Feb 21 ___(22) __( 6) _____ not records in 1950 (17F_1870, 4F_1896) Mar 3 ____ 26 __ 11 ______ tied 1943 _26F ____ eventual record low maximum (t1943, 2009)_0.5, 0.33 _Mar 3 ___(min) _11 ______t1925,38,43 _______ eventual record low minimum ** __ ____ ____ __ 1.25, 0.17 Apr 9 ____ (46) __ 27 ______tied 1885 _27F ____ 1977 _25F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.75, 0.17 Apr 10 ___(57) __ 29 ______t1882,1909,17,20 _29F_1974,85,97 _27F _______________________ ____ ____ __ 1.95, 0.17 Apr 14 ___(49) __ 26 _____ 1875,85,1940_30F ___ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 2.95, 1.17 Apr 30 ___(46) __(43) _____ not records in 1950 (45 _1925, 32_1874). May 19 ___48 __ (45) _____ 1882 _52F _________ eventual record low maximum _____ 1.5, 1.33 June 18 ___(72) __ 48 _____ 1920 _ 52F _________eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 3.95, 2.17 Sep 17 ___(68) __ 46 ______1887 _47F _________ t1959 _46F, 1986 _45F ________________ ____ ____ __ 4.95, 2.17 Sep 24 ___(53) __ 43 _____ t1887 _43F ________ 1963 _40F ______________________________ ____ ____ __ 5.45, 2.17 Sep 24 1887 max 52 was record. __________________________________________________ ** Mar 3 low min of 11F tied with 1925, 1938, 1943, 1962, 2003. Summary of records set in the decade 1941-50 The pace of record setting continued to fall further behind random expectation in both temporary and eventual cold records. From 21.17 daily low maximum records (47 expected at random), 13.33 have survived (24.1 random). For record low minima, 27.57 records resulted in an eventual count of 17.07. The decade had a total count of 19.17 "coldest since" record low minima, and the total count so far is 137, against a total of 277.6 record low minima. Since some of that count would involve later ties, which would remove years to 1950 from being eligible to set "coldest since" records, the ratio is more realistically 137.3 for about 245 or so. About 60% of record lows (some not yet fully set) still have a "coldest since" in the future as of 1950. The pace of this statistic will remain modest in the 1950s but will pick up considerably after 1960. __ Log of record lows for 1951-60 __ 1951 _ This was a generally rather warm year with limited cold spells, the most significant in mid-June and early November. There was only one record low maximum, 48F on October 11th, and this has survived to the present. It makes 1951 the third year to have full survival of its record low maxima (after 1934, 1946). The closest candidate for a second low maximum was Dec 16th with 20F, just one degree above the 1886 record. From 1950 to 1980, all days within 1F of a record low (of either type) will be listed (some minima will also appear in the "coldest since" table) as it could be argued that the urban heat island makes them climatologically equivalent if not more likely in the absence of the heat island. This criterion will be raised to 2F for 1981-2022. June 14th (61F) was two degrees above the 1907 record (and min 53F four degrees above a record), and June 30th (71F) a similar differential of 2F but that would increase to six degrees in 1967. The year also had only three record lows for a count of 1.83, and the eventual outcome of 0.33 (56F on Aug 5th tied two earlier years). The low on Aug 4th was also both a "coldest since" and within 1F of the 1886 record. Aug 6th (58F) came within two degrees of the record low minimum, as did Sep 8th and 30th (see below). There were seven "coldest since" record lows, for a count of 4.833. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1951 value __ tied by ___ count June 15, 1933 (48F) ___ 53 _______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Aug 4, 1886 (56F) _____ 57 _____1912,64 _____ 1.33 Sep 8, 1871 (52F) _____ 54 _____ (five others) __1.50 Sep 30, 1912 (39F) ____ 41 _______ -- -- _______ 2.50 Nov 4, 1879 (25F) _____ 29 _______ -- -- _______ 3.50 Nov 28, 1930 (15F) ___ 22 _____1932,36 ______3.83 Dec 17, 1871 (1F) ______ 9 ________ -- -- _______ 4.83 (records for 1951 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) June 12 ___ (78) __ 51 _____1878,87 _53F ______1979 _48F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.0 June 13 ___ (65) __ 52 _____ tied 1922 _52F ____ 1953 _51F __________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 0.0 Aug 4 _____(78) __(57) _____ not records in 1951 (1909_69F, 1886_56F) Aug 5 _____ (77) __ 56 ______t1886,1912 _56F ___eventual record low minimum (t1886,1912) __ __1.83, 0.33 Oct 11_____ 48 __ (45) _____ 1888 _49F _________eventual record low maximum __ 1.0, 1.0 Dec 16 ____(20) __(11) ______ not records in 1951 (19_1886, 7_1876). 1952 _ This was a rather warm year also, apart from October which was generally quite cold. The record lows in June preceded some record heat and this is as close as record lows and record highs have appeared in the NYC data. From 2.17 record low maxima, the eventual count is 0.83. May 20th (54F) was within 1F of the existing record but that increased to 3F in 1957. There was one record low minimum during the year, a tie with 1940 producing a count of 0.5 -- this has not survived and the extinction date was Oct 20, 1972. No other maxima or minima were within 1F or 2F of existing records. There was just one "coldest since" a record low minimum: Coldest since _____ 1952 value __ tied by ___ count Aug 23, 1923 (51F) ____54 _______ -- -- _____ 1.0 (records for 1952 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 20 ___(54) __(xx) ____ not records in 1952 (53_1901, since 51_1957,2000; ) June 21 ___64 __ (59) _____ t1918,28 _64F ______ 1958, 2003 _63F ____________________ 0.33, 0.0 June 22 ___62 __ (58) ______t1928 _62F _______ eventual record low maximum (t1928)_0.83, 0.5 Oct 20 ____ 47 __ 33 _______1869, 1940 _48F ____ 1974 _ 44F _________________________ 1.83, 0.5 _Oct 20 _ (min) _ 33 _______tied 1940 _33F ______ 1972 _ 32F, 1974 _31F _____________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Oct 29 ____ 43 __ (xx) ______ t1909,25_43F ______ eventual record low maximum (t1909,25)_2.17, 0.83 1953 _ Despite being one of the warmest years on record, 1953 managed a few record cold days. There were two record low maxima, each tying a previous mark, and one has survived (counts 1.0 and 0.5). There were two record low minima and both have survived. That makes 1953 the fourth year so far to manage 100% retention of its record low minima. In addition, there was one maximum within 1F (on May 30) although that has since risen to six degrees above a new record set in 2021. The maximum noted in the table for June 13th was two degrees above the existing record (then 61F in 1941) and later rose to eight by 1982 (55F). Also there was a minimum on Oct 8th one degree above the existing record, now three above a later record. There was one minimum on Aug 2nd (59F) two degrees above the record low (57F in 1875) and not a "coldest since" as that had been taken by 1924 with 58F. And there were two "coldest since" record low minima, with the count 1.5. Details below: Coldest since _____ 1953 value __ tied by ___ count Aug 3, 1886, 1927 (55F) __59 _____ -- -- ____ 1.0 Nov 6, 1879 (27F) _______ 30 _____ 1882 ___ 1.5 (records for 1953 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 2 ____ 48 __ (44) _____tied 1947 _48F ____ 1962 _45F ____________________________ 0.5, 0.0 May 30 ___(56) __(50) ____ not records in 1953 (1884_55F, 42F ... since 2021_51F ) June 13___(63)__ 51 ______1922,51_52F _______ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 July 25 ___ (79)__ 57 ______1893 _58F __________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 Oct 8 ____ (64) __(40) _____ not records in 1953 ( 49_1885 later 45_1988; 39_1885,1935,1964, later 37_1988). Nov 6 ____ 38 __ (30) _____tied 1878 __________ eventual record low maximum (t1878) 1.0, 0.5 1954 _ The warm trend continued with brief interruptions. January (although not setting records) and then late March into early April were quite cold, and parts of September also set records. Most other months were warmer than average if only slightly. There were two record low maxima (count 2.0) of which one (Sep 15th, 57F) has survived (count 1.0). Dec 7th (28F) came within two degrees of the 1869 record low maximum. The previous day (25F) had been three degrees above the record value. From three record low minima with a count of 2.5, the surviving count is 1.5. The minimum of 59F on Aug 11th was two degrees above the record low minimum. In addition there were three "coldest since" record low minima, with no ties for a count of 3.0, details below: Coldest since _____ 1954 value __ tied by ___ count Apr 4, 1874 (20F) ________ 23 _______ -- -- _____ 1.0 Dec 6, 1871,1926 (13F) __ 18 _______ -- -- _____ 2.0 Dec 7, 1926 (10F) ________ 16 _______ -- -- _____ 3.0 (records for 1954 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 3 _____(49) __ 24 _____ 1894,96 _25F _____eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 June 16 ___ 64 __ (57) _____ 1903 _65F ________ 1965 _62F ___________________________ 1.0, 0.0 Sep 13 ____(72) __ 51 _____ tied 1911 _51F ____ 1963 _46F ___________________________ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.0 Sep 15 ____57 __ (54) ______ 1933 _ 58F ________ eventual record low maximum __2.0, 1.0 Oct 7 _____ (58) __ 39 ______1885, 1904,23 _40F _eventual record low minimum (t1999) ___ __2.5, 1.5 1955 _ The last of an eight-year warm spell (1948-55), the year recorded no record low maxima, and just one record low minimum which has survived (counts 1.0). With that one record low on Feb 3rd, the maximum (17F) was within 1F of the record (16F, 1917). June 9th (58F) was also within 1F of the 1916 record of 57F and the minimum (51F) was also 2F higher than the 1913 record. On Dec 22, the maximum of 22F was within 2F of the record set in 1921, but later with a new record in 1989 (18F), this rose to 4F. June 26th had a minimum of 58F, 2F above the record. Sep 8th and 15th were also 2F above existing record lows (the 15th would later fall to lower values). In addition (including Sep 8th and Nov 29th) there were three "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 2.17. A coldest since (8F) shared with 1996 was removed on Feb 4, 2023 by a colder reading in 2023 (3F) after the record low (0F) set in 1886 and 1918. Coldest since _____ 1955 value __ tied by ___ count Sep 8, 1871 (52F) _______ 54 _____ five others _ 0.17 Nov 29, 1875 (14F) ______16 _______ -- -- ______ 1.17 Dec 20, 1942 (-4F) _______ 6 ________ -- -- _____2.17 (records for 1955 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 3 ______(17) ___ 0 _____ 1881 _1F ___________ eventual record low minimum __ ____ ____ _ 1.0, 1.0 June 9 _____(58) __ (51) ____ not records in 1955 (1916_57F, 1913_49F). 1956 _ The year turned somewhat colder than previous years, with occasional warm spells, but quite a few chilly intervals that sometimes got into record range. The spring and summer were particularly cool relative to normal. July 6th (max 61F) was the coldest July daytime high and had one of the largest margins over second coldest (10 F deg). From 3.5 low maxima, 2.33 have survived. In addition, seven days, May 17th (54F) and 18th (55F), June 20th (66F), July 5th (64F), Aug 20 (72F)* Sep 28th (57F)* and Nov 10th (40F) had maxima within 2F of records (the two marked * of these changed to 4F with lower records in 1990 and 1984). And from 3.33 low minima, 2.0 have survived. The low on May 8th (37F) was within 1F of the 1947 record and has slipped to 2F after 2020 set a lower mark. Lows on May 24th (44F) and 25th (42F) were also within one degree but the first of those later rose to 5F above the new 1963 record. The minimum of 58F on July 31st remains 1F above the tied record values. The low of 41F on Sep 21st remains 1F above the 1871 record. A low of 29F on Nov 11th was 1F above tied record lows but this changed to 5F in 2017. In addition, six "coldest since" record low minima produced a count of 3.17, details follow: Coldest since _____ 1956 value __ tied by ___ count May 25, 1925 (41F) _____ 42 ______ 1967 _____ 0.5 July 22, 1871,90 (58F) ___ 61 __ 1923,29,44 __ 0.75 July 31, 1895,1914 (57F) _ 58 ______ -- -- ______ 1.75 Sep 8, 1871 (52F) _______ 54 ____five others _ 1.92 Sep 21, 1871 (40F) ______ 41 ______ -- -- ______ 2.92 (records for 1956 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Apr 8_____ 37 __ (33) _____ 1912 _40F _______ eventual record low maximum (t1916,2003)_0.5, 0.33 May 8 ____(60) __ (37) _____ not records in 1956 (50F in 1947, since 49F in 1962 ... 36F in 1947, since 35F in 2020). May 17___(54) __ 39 _____ 1888 _40F _______ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 May 24 ___(61) __(44) _____ not records in 1956 (50F in 1877, 43F in 1877 since 39F in 1963) May 25 ___(62) __(42) _____ not records in 1956 (52F in 1921 since 46F in 1967, 41F in 1925) July 6 ____ 61 __ 57 _______ 1914 _71F ______ eventual record low maximum _____ 1.5, 1.33 _July 6 ___ (min)_ 57 _____1879,82,90,1917 _58F _ 1972 _56F __________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 1.0 July 21 ____66 __ (61) ______1886 _71F ______ eventual record low maximum _____ 2.5, 2.33 July 30___ (75) __ 57 ______ 1883,1914_58F___eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 2.0 July 31 ___ (79) __(58) _____ not records in 1956 (1923 _65F ,57F in 1895,1914) Aug 21 ___ 65 __ (59) ______1926_66F _______ 1999_64F _2007 _59F _________________ 3.5, 2.33 Sep 20 ___ (63) __ 45 ______t1871,1920 _45F _t1979_45F, 1993_44F __________________ ____ ____ __ 3.33, 2.0 Nov 11 ___ (53) __(29) _____ not records in 1956 (1926_37F, since 1987_33F , 1873,1926,1933 _28F since 2017_25F) 1957 _ This was a somewhat warmer year than the previous one and more similar to the early 1950s again. There were only 2.0 low maximum records with 1.5 surviving. The maximum of 47F on Oct 26th was within 1F of the record but that changed eventually to 8F after a much lower value in 1962. And from 1.5 record low minima, the entire 1.5 have survived (the fifth such year so far). The minimum of 57F on Aug 6th was 1F above the 1869 record. A low of 29F on Nov 11th was 1F above tied record lows but this changed to 5F in 2017. Also, the minimum of 40F on May 4th was within 2F of the record and qualified as a "coldest since" those tied records. The low of 45F on May 20th was within 2F of tied 1907 and 2002 record lows. The low of 51F on June 9th was also 2F above the 1913 record but that slipped to 4F in 1980. The Sep 28th low of 43F was 2F above the 1947 record (also a "coldest since"). And the Oct 28th low of 35F was within 2F of the records, which changed to 6F in 1976. In addition, there were four "coldest since" in total with a count of 2.33; details follow: Coldest since _____ 1957 value __ tied by ___ count May 4, 1873,1911,17 (38F) _ 40 ____ 1926 _____ 0.5 Aug 6, 1869 (56F) _________ 57 __ 1934,94 ___ 0.83 Sep 28, 1947 (41F) ________ 43 _____ -- -- _____ 1.83 Oct 12, 1876 (35F) ________ 39 _____ 1964 ____2.33 (records for 1957 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) _Jan 15____12 ___ 0 ______1881_14F; 1881,1916,27_7F __eventual record low max & min _ 1.0, 1.0 __ 1.0, 1.0 May 20 ___ 51 __ (45) ____ 1901 _53F ________eventual record low maximum (t2000) _ 2.0, 1.5 Aug 6 ____ (79) __ (57) ____ not records in 1957 (1915 _64F, 1869_56F) Sep 27 ___ (61) __ 41 _____tied 1947 _41F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1947)__ ____ ____ __1.5, 1.5 Oct 26 ___ (47) __ (36) ____ not records in 1957 (1887_46F, later 45F_1958,39F_1962; 1869,79_30F) Nov 11 ___(45) __(29) _____ not records in 1957 (1926_37F, since 1987_33F .. 1873,1926,1933 _28F since 2017_25F) 1958 _ This was quite a cool year in general, with 5.0 record low maxima of which 3.5 have survived. Feb 17th had a maximum of 10F which was three above the 1896 record for that date. May 6th (46F) was one degree above the 1891 record and May 15th (51F) one degree above the 1878 record. And 74F on July 14th was only one degree above the tied record of 73F, while 43F on Nov 2nd was two degrees above the record low maximum (41F) from 1875 and 1895. Despite all that, there were no record low minima in 1958. Two now qualify as closest at 2F above existing records. This was the third such year after 1908 and 1948. The low of 39F on Oct 14th was within 1F of a tied record of 38F but that changed to 2F in 1988. The minimum for Feb 18th (3F) was within 2F of the 1896 record but slipped to 3F in 1979. Also the minimum of 29F on Apr 9th was within 2F of the existing record (1885, 1950 tied 27F) but that changed to 4F when 1977 went lower to 25F. The minimum of 49F on June 7th remains 2F above the 1879 record low. There was just one "coldest since" a record low minimum as shown below: Coldest since _____ 1958 value __ tied by ___ count Sep 12, 1917 (46F) _____ 50 _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 (In addition, 3F on Feb 18th was the coldest reading after the 1896 record of 1F until 1979 hit zero to create a new record low.) (records for 1958 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 18 ___ 16 __ ( 3) ______ 1903 _19F ________ eventual record low maximum _____ 1.0, 1.0 May 6 ___ (46) _ (44) ______ not records in 1958 (1891_45F, 32F). May 7 ____47 __ (43) ______ 1874 _50F ________1967 _44F ______________________________ 2.0, 1.0 May 15 __ (51) _ (48) ______ not records in 1958 (1878_50F, 1920,47 _42F). June 20 __ 59 __ (57) ______ 1874 _64F ________ eventual record low maximum _____ 3.0, 2.0 June 21 __ 63 __ (58) _____ 1918,28,52 _64F __ eventual record low maximum (t2003)_4.0, 2.5 July 14 ___(74) __ (68) _____ not records in 1958 (1884_73F later tied 1960,63,2017; 1877,88,1926 _58F) July 22 ___ 69 __ (63) _______1880,94 _70F ____ eventual record low maximum _____ 5.0, 3.5 Oct 14 ___ (55) __(39) ______ not records in 1958 (1889_45F , 1874,75,87,1934,37 _38F since 1988_37F) Oct 26 ___ 45 __ (39) _______ 1887 _46F _______ 1962 _39F ______________________________6.0, 3.5 1959 _ This was generally quite a warm year similar to 1955. There were only two low maximum records set, one a second tie of an earlier record, both having survived (counts for both 1.33). The maximum of 65F on June 16th was also one degree above the existing record but that changed to 3F when 1965 had a lower record value. July 14th (74F) was also 1F above the record low max set in 1884 and tied three times since 1960. Aug 5th (70F) was two degrees above the 1903 record. There was also one low minimum record for a count of 0.5. That record was broken on Sep 17th, 1986. Also the minimum on May 16th (43F) was one degree above the 1878 record. A low of 53F on June 17th was 2F above the 1926 record. The count for seven "coldest since" record low minima was 4.083. Coldest since _____ 1959 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 29, 1923 (10F) ____ 24 ________ 2022 _____ 0.5 May 16, 1878 (42F) ____ 43 _____ 1983, 2016 __0.83 June 17, 1926 (51F) ____ 53 ___ 1964,65,2003__1,083 June 18, 1950 (48F) ____ 53 _______ -- -- _______ 2.083 Sep 19, 1929 (44F) _____ 48 _______ 1943 _____ 2.583 Nov 17, 1924,33 (19F) __ 26 _______ 1943 _____ 3.083 Nov 18, 1936 (18F) _____ 21 _______ -- -- _______ 4.083 (records for 1959 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) May 16 ___(64) __(43) _____ not records in 1959 (1888_52F , 1878_42F). June 16 ___(65) __(57) _____ not records in 1959 (1954_64F, later 1965_52F; 1927 _52F) June 17___ 61 __ (53) _____ 1893 _62F ________ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 July 14 ___(74) __ (68) _____ not records in 1959 (1884_73F later tied 1960,63,2017; 1877,88,1926 _58F) Sep 17 ___(65) __ 46 _______tied 1950 _46F ____1986 _45F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.0 Nov 18 ___33 __ (21) _______t1914,24 _33F ___ eventual record low maximum (t1914,24)__ 1.33, 1.33 1960 _ This was a colder year again, although not as extreme as some in the 1920s or 1930s. March and December were notably cold months. From 2.5 record low maxima, 1.25 have survived. In addition, March 3rd (27F), March 10th (30F) and March 26th (36F) were all one degree above existing record low maxima, although March 10th slipped to 2F above the 1987 record. 71F on Aug 19th remains 1F above the record (1881,1946 tied 70F). Aug 5th (70F) was two degrees above the 1903 record, and Nov 7th (43F) two degrees above the record (four years tied). Also, from 4.0 record low minima, 3.0 have survived. The minimum of 30F on Nov 8th was 1F above the tied coldest records of 29F in 1886 and 2019. There were no "coldest since" record low minima, the first year since 1919 without one. The next would be 1966. Coldest since _____ 1960 value __ tied by ___ count (also 30F on Nov 8th was tied coldest between records of 29F in 1886 and 2019). (records for 1960 ...) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 3 _____(27) _ (18) ____ not records in 1960 (1943,50, 2009 _26F; 11F in six years tied). Mar 10 ____(30) _ (17) ____ not records in 1960 (1877_29F, later 1987_28F; 1929_12F) Mar 11 ___ (32) __ 12 _____ 1933,39 _16F _____ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Mar 26 ____(36)*_ 20 _____ 1880, 1947_21F _ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 July 14 ____ 73 __ (62) ____ tied 1884 _73F __ eventual record low maximum (t1884,1963,2017) _0.5, 0.25 Aug 19 ___ (71) __ (63) ____ not records in 1960 (1881,1946 _70F, 1924_55F) Dec 12 ____21 __ 9 _______ 1917,33 _24F ___ 1988 _20F __________________________________1.5, 0.25 _Dec 12 __ (min) _9 _______ 1934,36 _11F ___ 1988 _ 5F _________________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 2.0 Dec 13 ____20 ___ 8 ______1895_24F; 1872 _11F _eventual record low max & min______ 2.5, 1.25 __4.0, 3.0 ___________________ * 36F on March 26th was one F higher than record low max 1872, 1937 and 1947. note that all 1F higher values are underlined. Summary of records set in the decade 1951-60 The decade had very similar totals to the previous one for daily low maxima, and smaller outcomes for daily minima. From 21.5 daily low maximum records (42 expected at random), 13.25 have survived (24.1 random). For record low minima, 17.17 records resulted in an eventual count of 11.33. The decade had a total count of 22.58 "coldest since" record low minima, and the total count so far is 159.55, against a total of 289 record low minima. Since some of that count would involve later ties, which would remove years to 1960 from being eligible to set "coldest since" records, the ratio is more realistically 159.55 for about 260 or so. More than half of record lows (some not yet fully set) still have a "coldest since" in the future as of 1960. The pace of this statistic will pick up considerably after 1960. __ Log of record lows for 1961-70 __ 1961 _ This was a rather average year for temperatures, sometimes rather warm especially autumn. The only prolonged cold spell was mid-January to early February and it was more of a sustained than a record cold. May 27th was an unusually cold day with another morning low record the next day, but it then warmed up quickly. There were only 1.5 record low maxima, 1.0 surviving (May 27th) and no other maxima within 2F of existing records. There were 2.0 record low minima of which 1.5 have survived. The low of -2F on Feb 2 was only one degree above the 1881 record for the date, and for May 31 (47F) there was also a one degree differential. On June 16th the low of 54F was two degrees above the 1927 record, as was 57F on Aug 14th (changed to 3F above in 1964). In addition, there were five "coldest since" record low minima, none of them tied for a count of 5.0. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1961 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 25, 1945 (2F) _______ 5 _______ -- -- _______ 1.0 Feb 1, 1920 (-2F) _______ 3 _______ -- -- _______ 2.0 Feb 2, 1881 (-3F) _______-2 _______ -- -- _______ 3.0 Feb 3, 1955 (0F) ________ 7 _______ -- -- _______ 4.0 May 31, 1924,30,38 (46F) _ 47_____ -- -- _______ 5.0 (records for 1961 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 20 ____ 19 __ (10) _____t1875 _19F ______ 1994 _15F _______________________________ 0.5, 0.0 Feb 2 ____ (20) __(-2) _____ not records in 1961 (1881 _ 9F, -3F) May 27 ___ 47 __ 41 _____1888,93_55F, 1915_43F _eventual record low max & min __ 1.5, 1.0 __ 1.0, 1.0 May 28 ___(77) __ 43 ______tied 1907 _43F ____ eventual record low minimum (t1907) ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.5 May 31 ___(79) __ (47) _____not records in 1961 (1878,94_57F , 1924,30,38 _46F) Sep 16 ___ (72) __ 49 ______tied 1913 _49F ___ 1964_48F, 1966 _47F __________________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 1.5 1962 _ This year combined some warm spells with prolonged intervals of cold. The summer months were notably cool, especially mid-August. Early May was cold and then warmed to record heat around the 18th-20th. From 6.67 record low maxima, 5.33 have survived, the highest totals in either case this late in the data set (highest since 1940 for records in year and 1918 for records surviving) . Sep 5th (63F) was also just one degree above the 1926 record low maximum. It was rather cold in mid-December with three days within 4 deg of record lows. A maximum of 13F on Dec 31st and minimum of 4F while not close to the 1917 records are the lowest readings on that date since the records were set. By contrast there was only a count of 1.2 record low minima, 1.167 surviving. The minimum of 57F on Aug 10th was only one degree above the record low and, like the minimum of 57F on July 27th which was only 2F above the 1920 record low, both were a "coldest since" while another 2F differential on Aug 9th came between tied record lows. Minima of Sep 20th (47F) and 21st (42F) were both 2F above existing record lows and 31F on Nov 7th was also 2F above the 1930 record ... There were seven "coldest since" records for a count of 4.033. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1962 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 2, 1891 (9F) _______ 12 _______1950 _____ 0.5 July 27, 1920 (55F) _____ 57 _______ -- -- ______ 1.5 July 28, 1920 (57F) _____ 60 _______ 1903 _____2.0 Aug 10, 1879 (55F) _____ 56 _______ 1964 _____2.5 Sep 22, 1904 (41F) ______47 ___ 1904, 63 ____ 2.83 Oct 25, 1879 (29F) ______36 _1880,96,1903,33 _3.033 Dec 31, 1917 (-7F) _______ 4 _______ -- -- ______ 4.033 (records for 1962 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 3 ____(36) __ 11 ______t1925,38,43,50_11F _ eventual record low minimum **_ ____ ____ __ 0.2, 0.17 May 2 ____ 45 __ (42) _____1947,53 _48F _____ eventual record low maximum ______ 1.0, 1.0 May 8 ____ 49 __ (43) _____ 1947 _50F ________ eventual record low maximum ______ 2.0, 2.0 June 13 ___ 58 __ (55) ______1941_61F _______ 1982 _55F ________________________________ 3.0, 2.0 July 17 ____ 74 __ (62) ______t1873,1949 _74F __1992 _72F _______________________________ 3.33, 2.0 July 18 ____ 66 __ (61) ______1910_70F_________eventual record low maximum ______ 4.33, 3.0 Aug 10 ____60 __ (56)*______1916 _68F ________ eventual record low maximum ______ 5.33, 4.0 Aug 11 ____68 __ 56 _______1931,33 _68F _____eventual record low maximum (t1931,33) _ 5.67, 4.33 Aug 11 __ (min) _ 56 _______1879 _57F _______ eventual record low minimum ______ ____ ____ __ 1.2, 1.17 Sep 5 ____(63) __(57) ______ not records in 1962 (1926 _62F, 1924 _53F, later 1963 _51F) Oct 26 ___ 39 __ (34) _______ 1958 _45F _______ eventual record low maximum _______ 6.67, 5.33 ________________________ * low 56F Aug 10th one deg above 1879 record of 55F. ** low minimum Mar 3rd (11F) tied 1925, 1938, 1943, 1950 and 2003. 1963 _ Cold spells continued to be frequent and quite robust, especially for overnight lows. The year recorded some warm spells too including a very warm October-November period, but other than late March most of the rest of the year trended below average. Much like 1947 both May and September were cold then a more mixed summer and warm October were added. The winter of 1962-63 was severe in Britain but could best be described as moderately cold in eastern North America. There were 3.33 record low maxima which left 3.25 eventual records when one was later tied. Sep 5th (63F) also came within one degree of the 1926 record. No other days came within 2F of existing record low maxima. There were 7.5 record low minima, of which 6.5 have survived. Those are both the highest totals for any year from 1940 (10.33 record lows), or 1919 (7.0 surviving record lows), to end of the data (1976 came close with 6.0, 6.0). Aug 25th (53F) came within one degree of the 1940 record. Sep 6th (49F) came within one degree of the 1924 record. May 2nd came with 2F of the record low minimum as shown in the "coldest since" table. 54F on June 22nd was also within 2F of the 1897, 1940 tied record and 59F on July 4th although that would increase to 4F after 1986. Aug 11th (58F) also came within 2F of the 1962 record. Aug 19th (57F) came within 2F of the 1924 record and appears in the coldest since list. Sep 14th (48F) was within 2F of the 1911 record later tied in 1975. In addition, there were a total of eight "coldest since" record low minima, with a count of 6.33. This is the second highest count so far (1940 had 7.5) and would be beaten by only 1967 and 1976 (both with 9.08), 2018 (6.83) and 1989 (6.5), tying 2000 (6.33). Coldest since _____ 1963 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 8, 1934 (-7F) _______ -2 _______ -- -- ______ 1.0 May 1, 1880 (35F) ______ 38 _______1978 _____1.5 May 2, 1874,1903 (37F) _ 39 ______ 1920 _____2.0 Aug 19, 1924 (55F) ______ 57 ______ -- -- ______ 3.0 Aug 25, 1940 (52F) ______ 53 ______ -- -- ______ 4.0 Sep 5, 1924 (48F) ________ 49 _____ -- -- _______ 5.0 Sep 22, 1904 (41F) _______46 ___ 1918,62 _____5.33 Sep 23, 1947 (41F) ______ 44 ______ -- -- _______6.33 (records for 1963 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 22 ___ 18 ___ 8 ________1870 _21F ______ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 _Feb 22 __ (min) _ 8 _______ tied 1918 _8F ___ eventual record low minimum (t1918)_ ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.5 May 23 ___ (61) __ 43 ______ 1935 _44F ______ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.5 May 24 ___ (64) __ 39 ______ 1877 _43F ______ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 2.5 July 9 _____ (78) __ 54 ______ 1894 _58F ______ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 3.5 July 14 ____ 73 __ (61) _______t1884,1960 _73F_ eventual record low maximum (t1884,1960,2017)_1.33, 1.25 Aug 15 ___ (79) __ 55 _______ 1921 _56F ______1964 _54F _______________________________ ____ ____ __ 4.5, 3.5 Aug 25 ___ (76) __ (53) ______ not records in 1963 (1873_64F , 1940_52F) Sep 5 ____ (63) __ 51 ________1924 _53F ______ eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 5.5, 4.5 Sep 6 ____ 56 __ (49) ________ 1888 _57F ______eventual record low maximum_________2.33, 2.25 Sep 13 ____(65) __ 46 ______ 1911,54 _51F ____eventual record low minimum _____ ____ ____ __ 6.5, 5.5 Sep 23 ____ 57 __ (44) _______1896 _58F _______ eventual record low maximum________3.33, 3.25 Sep 24 ____(62) __ 40 _______ 1887, 1950 _43F ___eventual record low minimum_____ ____ ____ __ 7.5, 6.5 1964 _ Temperatures were more variable, with brief cold spells mainly confined to the late summer and autumn. From 2.5 record low maxima, 2.0 have survived, both in July. Also, July 24th (69F) was within 2F of the 1904 record low maximum. From 4.83 low minimum records, 3.5 have survived. Aug 4th (57F) was within 1F of the 1886 record low and Aug 10th (56F) was within 1F of the 1879 record low. Oct 24th (33F) was just 1F above the 1889 record low, but that increased to 2F when 1969 went lower. June 17th (53F) was within 2F of the 1926 record, and Aug 9th (59F) was 2F above the 1919 record later tied in 1989. Aug 20th (57F) was two degrees above the 1949 record low. Sep 14th (48F) was two degrees above the tied 1911 and 1975 record low. Also, Oct 6th (38F) was two degrees above the 1881 record low. In addition, from six "coldest since" record low minima, the count was 3.58. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1964 value __ tied by ___ count March 31, 1923 (14F) ____ 22 _____ -- -- ______ 1.0 June 17, 1926 (51F) ______ 53 __1959,65,2003 _1.25 Aug 4, 1886 (56F) ________ 57 ___ 1912,51 ___ 1.58 Aug 10, 1879 (55F) _______ 56 ___ 1962 ______ 2.08 Aug 20, 1949 (55F) _______ 57 _____ -- -- ______3.08 Oct 12, 1876 (35F) _______ 39 ____ 1957 ______3.58 (records for 1964 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) July 9 ____ 63 __ (61) ______ 1888 _69F ________eventual record low maximum ___ 1.0, 1.0 July 13 ___ 67 __ (62) _______1898 _69F _______eventual record low maximum ___ 2.0, 2.0 Aug 1 ___ (82) __ 59 _______tied 1895_59F ____ eventual record low minimum (t1895) ____ ____ __ 0.5, 0.5 Aug 4 ___ (81) __(57) ______ not records in 1964 (1909 _69F, 1886 _56F) Aug 10 __ (76) __(56) ______ not records in 1964 (1962 _60F, 1879 _55F) Aug 14 __ (77) __ 54 ______ 1941 _55F ________ eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 1.5, 1.5 Aug 15 __ (80) __ 54 ______ 1963 _55F _________eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 2.5 Sep 13 __ 60 __ (53) _____ tied 1937 _60F ____ 1965 _59F _____________________________ 2.5, 2.0 Sep 16 ___(66) __ 48 ______1913,61 _49F _____ 1966 _47F ____________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 2.5 Oct 8 ____ (59) __ 39 ______ t1885,1935 _39F __ 1988 _37F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 3.83, 2.5 Oct 11___ (55) __ 34 _____1925 _35F ____________eventual record low minimum ___ ____ ____ __4.83, 3.5 Oct 24 ___ (53) __(33) ______ not records in 1964 (1889 _44F, 1889 _32F, later 1969_31F) 1965 _ This was generally quite a cold year with two months that were warmer than average, May and December. July was persistently cool but did not venture into record domain. Late August was especially cold and did set records including tied monthly minima on 29th and 30th (50F) equalled in several other years. There were 4.0 low maximum records, of which 2.0 have survived. Oct 4th (52F) was within 1F of the 1883 record of 51F. In addition, June 15th (62F) was within 2F of the 1916 record (later tied in 1971), and Oct 5th (52F) was within 2F of the 1881 record (50F). There were 2.5 record low minima which have left 1.33 surviving. The minimum of 53F on June 16th was within 1F of 1927 record low 52F, and the next day was also within 2F of the 1926 record (both are among the "coldest since" marks below). July 29th (60F) was within 1F of the 1914 record low, and the low on Oct 29th (32F) was within 1F of the 1925 record while the low of 31F on Nov 2nd was within 1F of the 1887 record. In addition there were eight "coldest since" low minima with a count (after ties) of 4.917. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1965 value __ tied by ___ count June 16, 1927 (52F) ____ 53 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 June 17, 1926 (51F) ____ 53 ___1959,64,2003 _1.25 July 20, 1890 (55F) _____ 58 _____ 1914,29 __ 1.58 July 21, 1890 (55F) _____ 59 ______ 1892 ____ 2.08 July 29, 1914 (59F) _____ 60 ______ -- -- ______ 3.08 Oct 5, 1881 (35F) ______ 38 ___ 1883,92 _____ 3.42 Oct 29, 1925 (31F) _____ 32 ______ 1933 _____ 3.92 Nov 2, 1887 (30F) ______31 ______ -- -- _______ 4.92 (records for 1965 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 17 ____ 16 ___ ( 9) ______1893 _17F _______ 1977 _12F _____________________________ 1.0, 0.0 June 16 ___ 62 __ (53)*_____ 1954 _64F _______eventual record low maximum ___ 2.0, 1.0 July 29 ____(83) __ (60) _____ not records in 1965 (1884_69F , 1914_59F) Aug 22 ____68 __ (61) ______ 1928 _69F ______ 2007 _65F _____________________________ 3.0, 1.0 Aug 29 ____(70) __ 50 _______1888 _54F ______ eventual record low minimum (t1982,86)_ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 0.33 Aug 30 ____(70) __ 50 ______ 1934_52F ________eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 1.33 Aug 31 ____(72) __ 51_______tied 1912 _51F ___1976 _50F _____________________________ ____ ____ __ 2.5, 1.33 Sep 13 ____ 59 __ (55) ______ 1937,64_60F ____ eventual record low maximum ___ 4.0, 2.0 Oct 4 _____ (52) __(41) ______ not records in 1965 (1883 _51F, 1888 _37F) Oct 29 ____ (48) __(32) ______ not records in 1965 (1909,25,52 _43F, 1925 _31F) Nov 2 _____ (46) __(31) ______ not records in 1965 (1875,95 _41F, 1887 _30F) * Min 53F on June 16th within 1F of 1927 record low 52F. 1966 _ The year is most well known for its prolonged summer heat waves, but most of the remainder of the year was either near average or sometimes quite cold, in particular May was a very cool month. There were no record low maxima in 1966 (the fifth such occasion so far), but two days came within 1F of record lows. April 28th (42F) was 1F above the 1898 record, and Dec 3rd (25F) was 1F above the 1886 record (24F) which changed to 2F when 1976 (23F) went lower. From 1.5 record lows, the same count have survived. Feb 20th (8F) was within 1F of the 1950 record low (7F) but this margin changed to six degrees in 2015 (2F). There were no "coldest since" record low minima in 1966 although Feb 20th was one until 2015 eliminated it. Coldest since _____ 1966 value __ tied by ___ count (records for 1966 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Feb 20 ___(23) __( 8 ) _____not records in 1966 (1885 _16F, 1950 _7F, later 2015 _2F) Apr 28 ___(42) __(39) _____ not records in 1966 (1898 _41F, 1874 _31F ) May 9 ____(52) __(40) _____ not records in 1966 (1873 _49F, later tied 1972_49F, then 1977_44F; 1947_35F later 2020_34F) May 10 ___(57) __ 36 ______ tied 1947 _36F __ eventual record low minimum (t1947)____ __ 0.5, 0.5 Sep 16 ___ (70) __ 47 ______1964 _48F _____ eventual record low minimum __________ ____ __ 1.5, 1.5 Dec 3 _____(25) __(15) _____ not records in 1966 (1886 _24F, later 1976 _23F; 1940_11F, later 1976 _9F) 1967 _ After a warm January, it was quite often rather cold in 1967, with June and December somewhat warmer. There were notable cold spells in mid-March and late May. The count for both record low maxima set and surviving is 4.0. This was the fifth year in the data set so far to have a complete retention of record low maxima (it becomes more common after this, with fewer years left to remove any records set, 29 more years appear in the category out of 52 from 1971 to 2022). Four more days were within 1F, Mar 17th (26F), Apr 24th (45F), Aug 13th (69F) and Nov 7th (42F) -- further details in the table. May 26th (55F) was also within 2F of the 1901,1907 tied records (53F), and Aug 25th (66F) within 2F of the 1873 record of 64F. Sep 23rd (59F) was within 2F of the 1963 record of 57F. 1967 also has a full retention of record low minima, scoring three in both records set and sustained. This makes 1967 the first year to maintain all of its record lows in both low maximum and low minimum categories. May 25th (42F) was within 1F of the 1925 record. In addition there were twelve "coldest since" record low minima, for a count of 9.583, tied with 1976 as highest all-time. Coldest since _____ 1967 value __ tied by ___ count Mar 17, 1916 (9F) _______ 13 _____ -- -- ______ 1.0 Mar 18, 1916 (7F) _______ 10 _____ -- -- ______ 2.0 Apr 24, 1930 (31F) ______ 35 _____ -- -- ______ 3.0 Apr 25, 1919 (29F) ______ 37 __ 1920,30,36 _ 3.25 Apr 27, 1932 (36F) ______ 37 __ 1933,2000 __ 3.58 May 6, 1891 (32F) ______ 39 ______ -- -- ______ 4.58 May 24, 1963 (39F) _____ 45 ______ 1992 _____5.08 May 25, 1925 (41F) _____ 42 ______ 1956 ____ 5.58 May 27, 1961 (41F) _____ 46 ______ -- -- ______ 6.58 June 1, 1945 (44F) ______ 48 ______ -- -- _______7.58 Sep 3, 1885,93 (50F) ___ 52 ______ -- -- _______ 8.58 Nov 16, 1933 (17F) ______ 20 _____ -- -- ______ 9.58 (records for 1967 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Mar 17 ___(26) __ (13) _____ not records in 1967 (1885,1900 _25F, 1916 _9F) Mar 18 ___ 20 ___ (10) ____ 1916 _24F ______ eventual record low maximum ____ 1.0, 1.0 Mar 19 ___(28) ___ 8 ______ 1876 _9F ________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 1.0, 1.0 Apr 24 ___ (45) __ (35) _____ not records in 1967 (1883,1930 _44F, 1930 _41F) Apr 27 ___ (51) __ (37) _____ not records in 1967 (1946_45F , 1932 _36F) May 7 ____ 44 __ (41)______1874 _50F ________ eventual record low maximum ____ 2.0, 2.0 May 25 ___ 46 __(42) _____ 1921 _52F ________ eventual record low maximum ____ 3.0, 3.0 May 26 ___(55) __ 42 ______1925 _43F ________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 June 30 ___65 __ (61) _____ 1927,43 _69F _____ eventual record low maximum ____ 4.0, 4.0 Aug 13 ___ (69) __ (65) _____ not records in 1967 (1873,1934 _68F, 1930_55F) Nov 7 ____ (42) __ (36) _____ not records in 1967 (1886,1903,1927,2012 _41F, 1930 _29F) Nov 15 ___ (38) __ 20 _____ 1933 _21F ________ eventual record low minimum ____ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 3.0 1968 _ The interval from Jan 8 to 12 was very cold and set a number of records. Otherwise, cold weather was rather infrequent in 1968, and it was quite warm in both April and October. There were 3.0 record low maxima, with the count 2.5 for surviving records after one of them was tied in 1970. Otherwise, no maximum was closer than 3F to a record then in existence. From 3.5 record low minima, 3.33 have survived with one low already tying an earlier record then being tied again in 1981. Feb 21st (5F) was 1F above the 1896 record (4F) and Feb 22nd (10F) was 2F above the tied 1918 and 1963 record (8F). The minimum of 57F on June 27th was 2F above the 1940 record of 55F and July 29th (61F) was 2F above the 1914 record of 59F. In addition, from three "coldest since" record low minima, there was a count of 2.5. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1968 value __ tied by ___ count Feb 21, 1896 (4F) ______ 5 ________ 1916 ______ 0.5 Feb 22, 1918,63 (8F) __ 10 ________ -- -- _______ 1.5 July 30, 1956 (57F) ____ 60 ________ -- -- _______ 2.5 (records for 1968 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 8 _____ 13 ___ 2 ______ 1942 _ 14F, 5F __eventual record low max & min _______ 1.0, 1.0 __ 1.0, 1.0 Jan 9 _____ 14 __ -1 ______ 1871 _18F, ____ eventual record low maximum (t1970) _ 2.0, 1.5 _Jan 9 ___ (min) _ -1 _____ 1875 _ 2F ______ eventual record low minimum __________ ____ ____ __ 2.0, 2.0 Jan 10 ___ (17) __( 3) _____ not records in 1968 (1875 _13F, -3F ) Jan 11 ____(16) ___ 3 _____ 1873,83,93 _5F __eventual record low minimum __________ ____ ____ __ 3.0, 3.0 Jan 12 ____(22) ___ 2 _____ tied 1886 _2F__ eventual record low minimum (t1886,1981)_ ____ ____ __ 3.5, 3.33 Feb 21 ___(21) ___( 5) ____ not records in 1968 (1870_17F , 1896_4F) June 27 __ 61 __ (57) _____1893, 1938 _63F_eventual record low maximum _________ 3.0, 2.5 1969 _ Large portions of 1969 had temperatures close to normal values. Both warm and cold spells were brief. Mid to late July was rather cool, and there was a brief cold snap on Oct 23-24 that set records. There was only one tied low maximum for a count of 0.33 which fell to 0.20 eventually with two more ties added. In addition, July 20th (71F) was 2F above the record low maximum of 1869 (69F), and Oct 23rd (43F) was 1F above the 1889 record (43F). The October cold snap resulted in two record low minima which have both survived. There was only one "coldest since" a record low minimum which preceded the two record lows on Oct 22nd. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1969 value __ tied by ___ count Oct 22, 1940 (30F) _____ 35 ______ -- -- ______ 1.0 (records for 1969 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) July 23 ___ 70 __ (63) ____t1894,1909_70F __ eventual record low maximum (t1894,1909,1992,1996) _0.33, 0.2 Oct 23 ____(43)*__ 32 ____ 1889 _33F _______eventual record low minimum ______________________ 1.0, 1.0 Oct 24 ____ (51) __ 31_____1889 _32F _______eventual record low minimum ______________________ 2.0, 2.0 ___________________________ * max 43F on Oct 23rd was 1F above 1889 record low maximum (42F). 1970 _ This was a rather bland year weather-wise with long stretches of near average temperatures. January and early April as well as mid-October were somewhat colder than normal and provide most of the few opportunities for records. From 1.5 record low maxima, 1.5 have survived. 21F on Jan 20th was within 2F of the tied record (1875, 1961) but that changed to six degrees in 1994 (15F). June 21st (65F) remains 2F above tied records from 1958, 2003 (63F). There were no record low minima, the closest was 38F on May 7th (within 1 of 37F set in 1891). Also Feb 26th (9F) was within 2F of the tied records from 1928 and 1990 (7F). There were six "coldest since" record low minima for a count of 4.75. Details follow: Coldest since _____ 1970 value __ tied by ___ count Jan 8, 1968 (2F) _______ 5 ________ -- -- ________ 1.0 Jan 9, 1968 (-1F) ______ 3 ________ -- -- _________ 2.0 Jan 22, 1888 (0F) ______ 5 ___1924, 1976, 2014 __2.25 May 7, 1891 (37F) ____38 ________ -- -- ________ 3.25 Oct 17, 1886 (33F) ___ 36 ________ -- -- ________ 4.25 Nov 24, 1880 (17F) ___ 21 _______ 1938 _______ 4.75 (records for 1970 ... ) Date _____ Max _ Min ___ replaced or tied ___ eventual record? or tied/broken by __ count (max, min) Jan 9 _____14 __ ( 3) _____ tied 1968 _14F ___eventual record low maximum (t1968)_ 0.5, 0.5 May 7 ___ (63) __(38) _____ not records in 1970 ( 1967_44F, 1891 _37F) Oct 17 ___ 47 __ (36) _____ 1883,1902 _50F __eventual record low maximum ________ 1.5, 1.5 Summary of records set in the decade 1961-70 The decade saw an increase in the numbers of record low maxima and minima over the previous three decades, despite the expected number being somewhat lower. This was largely due to the tallies in 1962, 63 and 68. The output was still not quite up to random expectation however. From 26.83 daily low maximum records (38 expected at random), 21.8 have survived (24.1 random). The latter was higher than any decade since 1911-20. For record low minima, 28.03 records resulted in an eventual count of 23.83. The decade had a total count of 41.7 "coldest since" record low minima, and the total count so far is 201.25, against a total of 312 record low minima. Since some of that count would involve later ties, which would remove years to 1970 from being eligible to set "coldest since" records, the ratio is more realistically 201.25 for about 280 or so. Almost half (163) of record lows (some not yet fully set) still have a "coldest since" in the future as of 1970. The pace of this statistic will continue to run stronger until the 2001-10 decade where it slowed somewhat. __ The rest of the annual logs and analysis continue in the next post __ This is still being fully developed but the records are already shown

duplicate post deleted

Okay, made that change, you are level with the contest consensus rounded off although both named storms and hurricanes are just about halfway from 19-20 and 9-10 respectively, rounding down from 19.4 and 9.4 now. We have passed the deadline as announced, would allow in any forecasts (or late edits) to 06z June 4th at which time contest is closed to further entries.

At the same time it has been record cold in the Pac NW and southern BC, anomalies in WA state were close to -5 F deg. I live near the border north of Spokane and our trees only finished their normal mid-May full foliation cycle today. We can still see snow on top of nearby hills with summits of 7,000 to 8,000 ft. Last week there was still snow on even lower hilltops reaching 6,000 ft. Certainly normal to see snow on alpine slopes around here into July, but these lower hills are usually free of snow by early to mid May. As a result there was no spring flooding at all in the region as a lot of the snow is still up there. In 1948 a similar weather pattern turned very warm with heavy rain, and historic floods hit both the Fraser and Columbia Rivers. It was the end of June last year when we had the unprecedented heat dome and highs around here of 110 F. Hoping we don't see that this summer although even in a normal summer you can expect a few days in the 100-105 F range.

This is sort of like the Brooks Koepka - Bryson de Chambeau thing applied to meteorology. Mind you I am a bit of a Jean van de Velde this year.

2022 North Atlantic Hurricane Forecast Contest ______________________________________ Table of forecasts FORECASTER ______________ NS _ Hur _ Maj Brentrich ___________________27 __ 11 __ 7 cptcatz ____________________ 24 __ 13 __ 6 ColdRainLover _____________ 23 __ 11 __ 5 SnowenOutThere __________ 23 __ 11 __ 4 NorthHillsWx _______________ 23 __ 9 __ 4 RJay _______________________ 22 __ 12 __ 5 wxdude64 _________________ 22 __ 10 __ 5 Prospero ___________________ 21 __ 11 __ 4 Yoda _______________________ 21 __ 10 __ 6 WxWatcher007 ____________ 21 __ 10 __ 5 LakeNormanStormin _______ 21 __ 10 __ 4 IntenseWind002 ___________ 21 ___ 9 __ 4 Runman292 ________________20 __ 12 __ 6 yotaman ___________________ 20 __ 11 __ 4 Roger Smith _______________ 20 __ 10 __ 3 DonSutherland1 ____________20 __ 9 __ 5 Cat Lady ___________________ 20 __ 9 __ 3 Daniel Boone _______________19 __ 11 __ 5 Wannabehippie ____________ 19 __ 10 __ 3 ___ Contest mean __________ 19 __ 9 __ 4 ineedsnow __________________19 __ 8 __ 5 NCForecaster89 ____________19 __ 8 __ 4 GaWx _______________________18 __ 9 __ 5 jaxjagman __________________ 18 __ 9 __ 4 "Expert consensus" _________18 __ 8 __ 4 snowlover2 _________________ 18 __ 8 __ 3 StormchaserChuck! ________ 17 __ 11 __ 4 cnimbus ____________________ 17 __ 7 __ 3 tplbge ______________________ 17 __ 6 __ 3 Torch Tiger _________________ 16 __ 8 __ 3 cheese007 __________________15 __ 7 __ 2 Hotair _______________________13 __ 6 __ 2 Ed Snow & Hurricane Fan ____9 __ 4 __ 1 ____________________________________ 31 entries so far, and the "expert consensus" -- you can enter this contest today (June 3) but then the table is set. Posted a bit early just so that any late entries will find it easier to pick a unique set of numbers (picking a set already taken means you would automatically finish behind that earlier entry in the rankings). You can pick the expert consensus though, they are scored but not ranked in the contest other than to note where they would have finished had they been an actual contest forecaster. The "contest means" shown are rounded off, the decimal versions are currently 19.4 _ 9.3 _ 4.1 (these do not include the expert consensus although they could without any significant changes.) SCORING _ As in past year, the error factor for named storms is 50% as big as the factor for hurricanes and majors. The basic concept is, you start with 100 points, then lose points from this formula: H and M errors are deducted from the formula (E + E^2)/2 ... error plus error squared, divided by 2. For example, your prediction of H and M is 10 4 and the end of season count is 12 5. Your H error is 2, the deduction is (2 + 4) /2 or 3. Your M error is 1, your deduction is 1. So far then you are reduced to 96 points (100-3-1). The deduction for named storm errors is calculated the same way, then half of that calculation is applied. So to continue with the same example, if your forecast had been 22 10 4 and the season count turned out to be 19 12 5, then your named storm error is 3 and your deduction is half of (3 + 9) / 2 or half of 6 which is 3, so your total score is 93 (100-3-3-1). If you do enter between now and end of the day Friday June 3rd, I will adjust the contest means and any other information as required. If you have a forecast entered and want to edit it, let me know. In the absence of further changes, bring on the 2022 season and we'll see how we do.

Snowfall Forecast Contest Departures (errors) _ Probable Final Results (season ends June 30th) This table will track the departures of each forecaster, those which are in italics and underlined are forecasts already passed by actual amounts; those departures (errors) can only increase with more snow. All other departures (errors) can be reduced by new snowfalls. The actual snowfalls are the latest available for each station. A reminder, our contest is based on total winter snowfall, not any portion such as Dec to Mar, so it includes anything that might fall in April and May. The table is now in order of least total departures. _________________________________ DCA __NYC __BOS ___ ORD __DTW __BUF __ DEN __SEA __BTV ___ Total dep (to date -- May 31) _____________ 13.2 __ 17.9 __ 54.0 ___ 32.8 __ 47.1 ___ 97.4 __49.4 __ 9.2 __70.7 RodneyS ________________________ 12.8 __ 25.0 __ 45.0 __ 54.0 __ 42.0 __ 91.0 __ 48.0 __12.0 __ 75.0 RodneyS _________________________ 0.4 ___ 7.1 ____ 9.0 ___ 21.2 ___ 5.1 ____ 6.4 ___ 1.4 __ 2.8 ___ 4.3 ______ 57.7 Roger Smith ______________________17.5 __ 32.5 __ 50.7 __ 44.8 __ 49.5 __107.2 __ 52.0 __10.5__ 82.2 Roger Smith ______________________ 4.3 __ 14.6____ 3.3 __ 12.0 ___ 2.4____ 9.8 ___ 2.6 ___ 1.3 __ 11.5 ______ 61.8 DonSutherland 1 __________________9.4 __ 27.3 __ 44.9 __ 35.1 __ 28.3 __ 84.0 __ 43.4 __ 9.5 __ 71.5 DonSutherland 1 __________________3.8 ___ 9.4 ___ 9.1 ____ 2.3 __ 18.8 ___13.4 ___ 6.0 __ 0.3 ___ 0.8 ______ 63.9 RJay _____________________________ 5.0 __ 20.0 __ 42.0 __ 40.0 __ 34.0 __ 90.0 __ 50.0 __13.0 __100.0 RJay _____________________________ 8.2 ____ 2.1 __ 12.0 ____ 7.2___13.1 ____ 7.4 ___ 0.6 ___ 3.8 __ 29.3 _____ 83.7 wxallannj ________________________12.0 __ 28.0 __ 36.0 __ 38.0 __ 36.0 __ 92.0 __ 41.0 __ 11.0 __ 95.0 wxallannj ________________________ 1. 2 __ 10.1 ___ 18.0 ___ 5.2 ___ 11.1 ___ 5.4 ____8.4 ___1.8 __ 24.3 ______ 85.5 hudsonvalley21 __________________11.6 __ 30.3 __ 33.8 __ 32.7 __ 32.4 __ 94.0 __ 45.0 __10.2 __108.8 hudsonvalley21 __________________ 1.6 __ 12.4 __ 20.2 ____ 0.1 ___14.7 ____3.4 ____4.4 ___ 1.0 ___ 38.1 ______95.9 so_whats_happening _____________16.0 __ 34.0 __ 62.0 __ 41.0 __ 45.0 __ 74.0 __ 36.0 __11.0 __ 91.0 so_whats_happening ______________2.8 __ 16.1 ____ 8.0 ___ 8.2 ____2.1 __ 23.4 ___ 13.4 ___1.8 __ 20.3 ______ 96.1 wxdude64 _______________________20.0 __ 38.0 __ 54.0 __ 52.0 __ 47.0 __104.0__ 58.0 __13.0 __105.0 wxdude64 ________________________ 6.8 __ 20.1 ____0.0 __ 19.2 ____ 0.1 ___ 6.6 ___ 8.6 ___3.8 __ 34.3 _____ 100.5 Tom ______________________________17.7 __ 36.9 __ 46.1 __ 48.7 __ 47.8 __ 94.4 __ 65.2 __ 8.1 __102.2 Tom ______________________________ 4.5 __ 19.0 ___ 7.9 ___ 15.9 ___ 0.7 ___ 3.0 ___ 15.8 ___1.1 ___ 31.5 ______ 101.4 BKViking _________________________ 8.0 __ 28.0 __ 42.0 __ 44.0 __ 25.0 __ 88.0 __ 55.0 __22.0__ 85.0 BKViking _________________________ 5.2 ___ 10.1 ___12.0 __ 11.2 __ 22.1 ____ 9.4 ____ 5.6 __12.8 __ 14.3 _____ 102.7 Deformation Zone ________________ 8.0 __ 18.0 __ 36.0 __ 38.0 __ 44.0 __ 70.0 __ 24.0 __ 4.0 __ 86.0 Deformation Zone ________________ 5.2 ____ 0.1 __ 18.0 ____5.2 ___ 3.1 ___ 27.4 __ 25.4 __ 5.2 __ 15.3 _____ 104.9 Scotty Lightning _________________10.0 __ 23.0 __ 38.0 __ 44.0 __ 38.0 __106.0 __ 49.0 __ 7.0 __129.0 Scotty Lightning _________________ 3.2 ___ 5.1 ____16.0 __ 11.2 ____ 9.1 ____ 8.6 ___ 0.4 ___ 2.2 __ 58.3 ______ 114.1 mean of forecasts _______________12.3 __ 28.4 __ 44.2 ___ 42.7 __ 39.1 __ 91.2 __ 47.2 __10.9 __ 94.2 mean of forecasts _______________ 0.9 __ 10.5 ____ 9.8 ____ 9.9 ____8.0 ___ 6.2 ___ 2.4 ___ 1.7 ___23.5 _______ 72.9 (3rd-4th) ==================================== These departures will continue to be updated but as of May 31st the contest is probably finished. Congrats to RodneyS -- a little more snow at DEN and I could have taken this one.

Thanks, will be updating my files later today to check for any recent record or near-record weeks. The only value added to the tables was a third place mean max of 55.86F for the week of Feb 17-23. No other top three values spotted in any categories since new years. Have fixed that typo where 1953 appeared instead of 1954.

Just starting to work on the table of entries for posting tomorrow, further entries are okay until 18z Friday, so are edits but check my table if you make a really late edit as I may have gone past your entry by then.

Four Seasons contest __ spring 2022 portion _ Mar 2022, Apr 2022, May 2022 The table is arranged in order of total points for the first half of the four seasons contest. ____________________________WINTER ____ Winter ______ SPRING __ Spring FORECASTER ______________ TOTAL _____ Points ______ TOTAL ___ Points ___ Contest Total Don Sutherland 1 ____________1623 _______ 10 __________ 1962 _______ 7 _______ 17 RodneyS ____________________ 1600 _______ 7 ___________ 1868 ______ 5 _______ 12 Tom _________________________1309 ________ 1 ___________1973 ______ 10 _______ 11 __ Consensus _______________ 1513 _______ 3.5__________ 1865 _______4.9 ______ 8.4 wxdude64 __________________ 1535 _______ 4 ___________ 1820 _______ 4 ________8 RJay ________________________ 1351 _______ 1 ___________ 1952 _______ 6 ________ 7 wxallannj ____________________1572 _______ 6 ___________ 1646 _______ 1 ________ 7 hudsonvalley21 _____________ 1540 _______ 5 ___________ 1692 _______ 1 ________ 6 so_whats_happening ________ 1499 _______ 3 ___________1770 ________3 ________ 6 BKViking ____________________ 1467 ________2 ___________1762 ________2 ________ 4 __Normal ____________________ 1173 ________ 1 ___________1630 ________1 ________ 2 Scotty Lightning _____________ 1138 _______ 1 ___________1750 ________ 1 ________ 2 Roger Smith _________________ 1043 _______ 1 ___________1413 _________1 ________ 2 Stormchaser Chuck __________ 674 (1/3) ___ 0 __________ 1117 (2/3) ___1 ________ 1 Deformation Zone ____________430 (1/3) ___ 0 _______________ -- -- ____ 0 ============================================ Scoring is based on 10 for first place, 7 for second, down to 2 points for 7th and 1 point for anyone else who entered at least 2/3 of contests. Consensus and Normal can score decimal points if their totals are between two forecaster totals 2 to 10, and the decimal is based on the position relative to those forecasters.