GaWx

Have you made a specific forecast for either the DJFM or DJF NAO? I know that @40/70 Benchmarkis going with neutral for DJFM (+0.15 to -0.20), which I’d take in a heartbeat in this day and age of difficult to attain -NAO winters. I don’t recall any other explicit (with numbers) NAO forecasts to this point. Getting a -NAO in DJF has occurred only six times in the last 44 (14%) winters though two of the six occurred in -QBO El Niño winters (1986-7 and 2009-10). In DJFM, there have also been only six of the last 44 as -NAO though only one during El Niño (2009-10) as 1986-7 dropped out due to a neutral March. I define -NAO as sub -0.25 averaged out over the relevant period. So, of the last 14 El Niño DJFMs, only one was sub -0.25. Fwiw, I’m leaning -NAO in Feb but either neutral or +NAO in DJF. So, I’d take a neutral DJF.

Latest WCS updates as of 11/12/23: -Nino 3.4 cooled back from +1.87 to +1.82 -PDO had the biggest drop for a single day since mid Sept from -1.01 to (per Griteater’s post) -1.18

Updated CPC OHC graph: latest warming topped out. Is this only a temporary halt or is it the start of new cooling?

This is similar to the cooler week on the Euro Weeklies on today’s run where it went from AN to NN. So, not as cool, but same trend toward cooler than prior runs for the end of Nov/start of Dec.

For the first time I can recall, the UKMET (12Z) has TCG for this in their textual product. Actual TCG isn’t until the C Bahamas after which it moves NE toward Bermuda as a 994 mb TS: NEW TROPICAL CYCLONE FORECAST TO DEVELOP AFTER 144 HOURS FORECAST POSITION AT T+144 : 22.3N 73.6W LEAD CENTRAL MAXIMUM WIND VERIFYING TIME TIME POSITION PRESSURE (MB) SPEED (KNOTS) -------------- ---- -------- ------------- ------------- 1200UTC 18.11.2023 144 22.3N 73.6W 1001 32 0000UTC 19.11.2023 156 25.2N 69.9W 1000 40 1200UTC 19.11.2023 168 30.0N 64.9W 994 42

Daily NAO back to 1950: https://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/cwlinks/norm.daily.nao.index.b500101.current.ascii When comparing these to the monthlies, the average of the dailies typically has ~half the amplitude of the monthlies. For example, the tabular monthly has a -2.03 for October of 2023 vs the average of the dailies being ~-0.9. For August of 2023, whereas the tabular monthly is -1.16, the average of the dailies is ~-0.6. Links to other dailies: https://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/cwlinks/ The average of the PNA dailies similarly has ~1/2 the amp of the table. Oddly enough, the AO is unlike the NAO and PNA with the average of the dailies being close to the table.

For the first time on any run back to Oct 28th, the EPS weeklies have near normal instead of above normal temperatures most favored for the week 11/27-12/4 throughout the E half of the US fwiw:

Now that I’ve seen yours, I’m most curious about Don’s NAO forecast for this winter. His +NAO forecast for last winter was about the only one I can recall other than your forecast for a weak +NAO (+0.15 to +0.45) for DJFM, who went outright +NAO. If anyone else did, I apologize for not recalling or seeing it. DJF’s NAO ended up at +0.67. DJFM, thanks to the major SSW of Feb 16th leading to a strong -NAO in March, came in at only at +0.23. So, an excellent call on your part. I see you’re going for a DJFM NAO forecast of neutral (+0.15 to -0.20), which I’d take in a heartbeat in this current era of hard/easy to attain -NAO/+NAO winters. Have you or has anyone else seen an NAO forecast from Don for winter of 23-24?

This link shows the 13-month smoothed monthly total sunspot number (what I used to put together my lists) and it has 1.8, the lowest, in 12/2019: https://www.sidc.be/SILSO/DATA/SN_ms_tot_V2.0.txt 2019 10 2019.790 2.6 0.4 1065 2019 11 2019.873 2.0 0.4 832 2019 12 2019.958 1.8 0.4 855 2020 01 2020.042 2.2 0.8 795 2020 02 2020.124 2.7 1.4 967 So, I think the odds are good that the solar max (based on smoothed 13 month average) is going to be after this winter. If it (13 month smoothed average) isn’t after Feb of 2024, I’ll be wrong.

This last solar min was in Dec of 2019 per this found here: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cycle_25 Solar cycle 25 is the current solar cycle, the 25th since 1755, when extensive recording of solar sunspotactivity began. It began in December 2019 with a minimum smoothed sunspot number of 1.8.

We have a clearcut trend conflict. The brand new update for WCS OISST (11/11) has it at +1.87 (up from 11/10’s +1.82). This is about tied with 11/1/23 for the highest so far for this Nino on that dataset. OTOH, three different datasets (CRW, CDAS, and OSTIA) have been trending cooler in recent days. So, this is kind of strange.

Webb isn’t telling us what a good number of us already know regarding moderate+ El Niño climo, Feb is favored as the coldest month in terms of anomalies in the Mid-Atlantic/NE US. That may also be the case in the SE US. He’s also saying that much of Dec is favored by climo to have warm anomalies, again nothing many here don’t already know. So, this isn’t exactly earth-shattering news.

I believe it is highly unlikely that cycle 25 has already reached its peak. Why? The Waldmeier Effect: “The Waldmeier effect describes the observation that the maximum amplitudes of solar cycles are inversely proportional to the time between their solar minima and maxima. Therefore, cycles with larger maximum amplitudes tend to take less time to reach their maxima than cycles with smaller amplitudes.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cycle If the 13 mo were to turn out to peak, say, in June of 2023, it looks to be no more than ~140. This 140ish peak would be only 3 years, 6 months after the prior minimum. Per Waldmeier, I’d be looking for a large max for it to peak that quickly. A 140 peaking only 3.5 years after the prior min would be very low for such a quick rise to the peak: Shortest rises min to max/peak 13 mo. avg -2 yrs, 11 mos/264 -3 yrs, 2 mos/213 -3 yrs, 3 mos/219 -3 yrs, 3 mos/193 -3 yrs, 4 mos/245 -3 yrs, 5 mos/235 -3 yrs, 5 mos/234 -3 yrs, 7 mos/199 Longest rises min to max/peak 13 mo. average -6 yrs, 10 mos/82 -6 yrs, 6 mos/119 -6 yrs, 4 mos/144 -5 hrs, 10 mos/81 -5 yrs, 4 mos/116 -5 yrs, 3 mos/180 -5 yrs, 0 mos/116 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar_cycles

Yes, indeed, it is hard to beat weak (not strong) phases 1/2/8 for best cold chances in the E US (especially SE US but applies to E US overall) during El Niño winters as per the following post I did on Oct 9: In that post, I listed 15 MJO diagrams from Nino winters that covered extensive periods of weak MJO (mainly left side of MJO chart) back to 1976-7 and showed how cold each period was for both ATL and NYC. From that post: “Weak 8-1-2 dominating during El Niño often favors a cold to very cold E US, especially SE US. As one who prefers cold, I would want a lot of weak 8-1-2 to keep cold chances the highest.” “So, for ATL, these 15 portions of El Niño winters with weak mainly left-sided MJO averaged a very cold 8 BN over 346 days. The 15 periods varied between -14 (MBN) and -5 (BN) with 11 MBN and 4 BN. So, for NYC, these 15 portions of El Niño winters with weak mainly left-sided MJO averaged a cold 4 BN over 346 days. The 15 periods varied between -15 (MBN) and +1 (N) with 5 MBN, 6BN, and 3N.”

cyclonicwx.com hasn’t updated since the +1.62 of 11/8. However, WCS (which also is based on OISSTv2.1) has and after the 11/7 dip (its 11/7 is equivalent to cyclonicwx’s 11/8), WCS has warmed the last 3 days back up to +1.82 as of 11/10 (what will be cyclonicwx’s 11/11 once it updates) to just below its 11/1 high of +1.86:

The near record strat wind speeds for Nov 10-12 is old news per EPS runs the last 2+ weeks. For example, here’s the run from way back on Oct 25th…note the forecasted peak on Nov 11th: Also, there was a record strong SPV 1/1/23 and yet there was a minor SSW late Jan/early Feb, a major SSW mid Feb, and a further warming near the end of Feb.

Fwiw, the Euro Weeklies are warm in the E US through at least 12/25/23 and with no sign of an impending change fwiw.

And now today’s EPS update delays dropping the SPV strength (based on 60N winds) under climo until Dec 16th, which is two weeks after what the Nov 1st run showed and four days after what yesterday’s run showed. I’m wondering more and more if a potential bias toward an SPV weakening is in play. A mirage is often symptomatic of a bias. Is this just a mirage? Hopefully not and hopefully there is no SPV weakening bias:

Hopefully we won’t be hearing that this winter! Fingers crossed.

A super in 3.4, should it occur, would very likely mean a shift from EP to EP/CP for this winter.

Note that this was initialized on Nov 1. On that date it and the weeklies had (as per the top map) the EPS mean (thick blue line) first drop below climo (black line) ~Dec 2nd. Since then the EPS has kicked the can somewhat and the EPS mean in yesterday’s run doesn’t drop it below climo til Dec 12th with it stronger in early Dec. Hopefully it won’t keep delaying it.

In addition, don’t leave out Nino 4. Look at how warm Nino 4 (150W to 160E, 5N to 5S) is now with nearly all of it 29C+, a whopping 70% of it 30C+, and a small part of the W portion (near Dateline) even getting to 31C+! The weighted average is clearly over 30C (likely ~30.1 to possibly as high as 30.2). I continue to think this is headed to a hybrid (EP/CP) Nino by winter. There’s too much warming in 3.4 and 4 in addition to 3 for it to remain EP too much longer imho.

TAO has warmed considerably since Oct., and this is the warmest I can recall this Nino. This is the first time this Nino I remember seeing +3.0C anywhere on this map. (Keep in mind this map is to the W of Nino 1+2.) It is as far west as ~108W (centered near 2S), which is within the E portion of Nino 3. The +2.5C anomaly now gets well into the E portion of Nino 3.4 (to ~138W). The +2.0C gets as far W as ~172W, which is just past Nino 3.4 and well into Nino 4. So, Nino 3, 3.4, and 4 all look about the warmest on TAO yet this season: Nov 5-9: +3.0 to 108W, +2.5 to 138W, +2.0 to 172W Oct 1-31: No +3.0, +2.5 only to 125W, +2.0 only to 150W:

I’m not trying to rip TAO at all. I love the TAO site and the ability to graph it with so many options. It is fantastic and I love your animations. Please keep them coming! I’m not good with that type of thing and thus really appreciate you posting them. And I like both the CPC OHC chart and the CPC monthly table. I like it all. When I say they’re not in sync, I’m not saying that to rip any of the datasets. Im just noting it for discussion purposes as we try to figure out whether or not the OHC top is in using the various datasets. I did email someone with NOAA asking if the monthly table is based on 5N to 5S. I’ll post about it if I get an answer.

Aug 25th looks a little warmer than June 21st. However, I still have Nov 3rd a decent amount warmer than Aug 25th with most of the W half warmer (some much warmer) and a smaller area colder (mainly eastern 25% within the upper 100 m). Yeah, I realize that the CPC OHC chart is a bit warmer in late Aug vs 11/3 (+1.25 vs just under +1.20). The comparisons for those two dates for NOAA (warmer) vs TAO (cooler imho) aren’t in sync and you even said there’s no reason the two different datasets have to be in sync.