bluewave

Gust to 65 mph at Newark with the severe squall line.

The EPS really goes wild with the -EPO +PNA from late February into early March. Feb 28- Mar 7 Mar 7-14

New record highs of 68°at NYC and EWR. 200 PM EST THU FEB 17 2022 CITY SKY/WX TMP DP RH WIND PRES REMARKS Central Park MOSUNNY 68 45 43 MISG 30.07F LaGuardia Arpt PTSUNNY 60 42 51 S17 30.06F Kennedy Intl PTSUNNY 51 44 77 S23G30 30.09F Newark Liberty PTSUNNY 68 47 46 SW17G32 30.04F

Thanks for the compliments. I enjoy your posts also. The Xmacis2 site allows for us to put everything in context. The volatility in these patterns certainly introduces challenges for long range forecasting.

As we continue to warm, it’s easier for the warmth to beat model guidance. We started out with one of the warmest Decembers on record. While January was our coldest in years, the cold wasn’t anywhere close to the magnitude of the warmth in December. The average around 30° was well outside top 10 coldest range that we have experienced in the past. The back and forth February makes the cold days seem colder. But the warm days have been setting records. So the record warmth will result in a warmer than average February and winter as a whole. This will be our 7th warmer than average winter in a row. 3rd warmest December in NYC against 55th coldest January. 2004 was the last time that January almost made it to top 10 coldest. Warmest Decembers Time Series Summary for NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY - Month of Dec Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Mean Avg Temperature Missing Count 1 2015 50.8 0 2 2001 44.1 0 3 2021 43.8 0 4 1984 43.7 0 5 2006 43.6 0 6 2011 43.3 0 7 1998 43.1 0 8 1982 42.7 0 9 1990 42.6 0 10 1891 42.5 0 11 1994 42.2 0 12 1923 42.0 0 13 2012 41.5 0 14 1996 41.3 0 - 1953 41.3 0 16 1979 41.1 0 17 1956 40.9 0 - 1931 40.9 0 19 1971 40.8 0 20 2014 40.5 0 - 1965 40.5 0 22 1957 40.2 0 23 2018 40.1 0 Coldest Januaries Time Series Summary for NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY - Month of Jan Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Mean Avg Temperature Missing Count 1 1918 21.7 0 2 1977 22.0 0 3 1888 23.2 0 4 1920 23.4 0 5 1875 23.6 1 6 1912 23.7 0 7 1893 23.8 0 8 1883 24.4 0 9 1884 24.5 0 10 1881 24.6 0 11 2004 24.7 0 12 1940 25.0 0 13 1970 25.1 0 14 1945 25.2 0 15 1904 25.3 0 16 1948 25.4 0 17 1994 25.5 0 18 1879 25.9 2 19 1886 26.0 0 20 1982 26.1 0 21 1981 26.2 0 22 1968 26.7 0 23 1971 26.9 0 24 1976 27.3 0 25 1873 27.4 0 26 2003 27.5 0 27 1961 27.7 0 - 1877 27.7 0 29 2009 27.9 0 30 1978 28.0 0 31 1871 28.1 2 32 1922 28.2 0 33 1887 28.3 0 - 1882 28.3 0 35 1925 28.4 0 36 1957 28.5 0 37 2014 28.6 0 38 1985 28.8 0 - 1935 28.8 0 40 1885 29.1 0 - 1872 29.1 0 42 1936 29.3 0 - 1905 29.3 0 44 1941 29.4 0 45 1988 29.5 0 46 1965 29.6 0 - 1895 29.6 0 48 2011 29.7 0 49 2015 29.9 0 - 1984 29.9 0 - 1923 29.9 0 - 1878 29.9 0 53 1896 30.0 0 54 1963 30.1 0 55 2022 30.3 0

Yeah, getting closer to the record of 66°. 2/17 66 in 2011 66 in 1976 61 in 1981

The SPC HREF has wind gust potential over 60 mph on Long Island.

That’s because you posted the 300mb winds up in the jet stream.

Euro has 60 mph winds down to 300 ft on Fire Island which is one of the windier spots in these events.

It’s interesting that March 1-15th has been better for 12”+ snowfall maxes in the OKX zones than the 2nd half of February since 2010. It has also been much better than all the 2 week periods before January 15th. So a snowfall max from mid-January to mid-February and a 2nd peak in early March. Roughly 2 week snowfall periods since 2010 and number of 12"+ snowstorms in OKX zones Oct 29-Nov 15.....3 Nov 16-Nov 30....0 Dec 1- Dec 15.....0 Dec 16-Dec 31....3 Jan1-Jan 15.......4 Jan16-Jan 31.....6 Feb 1-Feb 15.....7 Feb 16-Feb 28...1 Mar 1- Mar 15....6 Mar 16-Mar 31...1 Apr 1-Apr 16.....0

Airports are great for measurements. But the heaviest bands often fall between them. Same goes for thunderstorms. So we have to rely on local spotter reports from trained observers.

There is a 50 KT LLJ just a few hundred feet up which could easily mix down in the heavier convection in the usually windier spots.

Looks the same with widespread 50 mph and localized 60 mph near the coast.

NYC had numerous 10”+ snowfall totals with the 3-21-18 snowstorm. The NYC UHI is most pronounced in Queens which had the heaviest 10”+ snowfall totals in that storm. So more about storm track and where the heaviest bands set up. There was also another 10”+ event in NYC and Western Nassau in March 2009. Public Information Statement Spotter Reports National Weather Service New York NY 500 PM EDT Thu Mar 22 2018...correction ..New York County... Grammercy Park 10.0 1115 PM 3/21 Law Enforcement Queens County... Queens Village 14.5 738 AM 3/22 Trained Spotter Bayside 13.7 124 AM 3/22 Social Media Little Neck 13.2 415 AM 3/22 Trained Spotter Woodhaven 13.0 1200 AM 3/22 Public Rego Park 12.0 800 AM 3/22 Trained Spotter Woodside 12.0 730 AM 3/22 Trained Spotter Oakland Gardens 10.8 530 AM 3/22 Trained Spotter Cedar Manor 10.2 230 AM 3/22 CoCoRaHS Whitestone 10.0 101 AM 3/22 Social Media PUBLIC INFORMATION STATEMENT SPOTTER REPORTS NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE UPTON NY 445 PM EST TUE MAR 3 2009 QUEENS COUNTY... REGO PARK 10.8 1050 AM 3/2 PUBLIC ASTORIA 10.5 1200 PM 3/2 PUBLIC BROAD CHANNEL 10.0 330 PM 3/2 PUBLIC HOWARD BEACH 10.0 1000 AM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER SPOTTER ...NASSAU COUNTY... HICKSVILLE 12.5 548 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER WOODMERE 12.4 200 PM 3/2 PUBLIC PLAINVIEW 12.1 1200 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER WANTAGH 11.8 600 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER ROCKVILLE CENTRE 11.5 400 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER ROSLYN HARBOR 11.5 100 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER BALDWIN PARK 11.0 200 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER BETHPAGE 10.9 1158 AM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER INWOOD 10.9 1200 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER LIDO BEACH 10.5 300 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER MILL NECK 10.2 245 PM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER SEAFORD 10.1 815 AM 3/2 SKYWARN SPOTTER FLORAL PARK 10.0 200 PM 3/2 PUBLIC

Even with all the great late season snowstorms in recent years, my all-time favorite still remains the April 1982 blizzard. An unusually high amount of lightning and true blizzard conditions in April. It was also the last time NYC had 3 consecutive record low temperatures in a row. My 2nd place late season event was that heavy wet snowstorm on 3-21-18. The trees were absolutely gorgeous when the sun came out the next morning.

In terms of top 10 warmth, last year was the 7th warmest. But 2010 and 2012 are in a class by themselves. Time Series Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Mean Avg Temperature Missing Count 1 2012 57.6 0 2 2010 57.4 0 3 1985 56.2 0 4 1991 56.0 0 5 1977 55.3 0 6 2016 54.9 0 - 2011 54.9 0 - 1945 54.9 0 7 2021 54.8 0 8 2004 54.7 0 - 1998 54.7 0 - 1986 54.7 0 9 2000 54.5 0 10 1973 54.4 0

Those storms also had marginal temperatures for Long Island with the heaviest snows over the interior. The Hamptons jackpotted on the 13th with the storm further east. The best banding on the 21st was over Eastern Nassau to ISP. NYC not reaching 10” on that storm may have been another famous late under-measurement if the Gramercy Park total is to be believed. 3-13 storm Suffolk County... Southampton 18.3 332 PM 3/13 Trained Spotter 3-21 storm Newark Airport 8.3 800 AM 3/22 FAA CONTRACT OBSERVER New York County... Grammercy Park 10.0 1115 PM 3/21 Law Enforcement Central Park 8.4 800 AM 3/22 Park Conservancy Queens County... Queens Village 14.5 738 AM 3/22 Trained Spotter Suffolk County... Patchogue 20.1 852 AM 3/22 NWS Employee Terryville 19.7 724 AM 3/22 Trained Spotter East Patchogue 19.0 900 AM 3/22 Public Port Jefferson Stati 18.9 640 AM 3/22 Trained Spotter North Babylon 18.7 655 AM 3/22 Public Islip Airport 18.4 756 AM 3/22 FAA Observer

I think for NYC recently it has been more about storm tracks in March. NYC missed going over 10” with Stella in March 2017 since the storm tucked too much with the +AO and March wavelengths. So there was a changeover around NYC and the big totals of 20-30” went NW. March 2018 featured the persistent near or just east of the benchmark tracks with the -AO and +PNA favoring Suffolk county for 30”.

The forecast wave break caused by the near record 930s mb low north of Japan changed the entire pattern going into March from several days ago. We saw a similar event in early December lead to the record Aleutians ridge. This time the very strong block will be further east producing the colder -EPO +PNA pattern for us in early March. New run Old run

The winters warming at a faster rate than the springs gives us the feeling of a delayed start to spring. ISP has had more March snowfall than December snowfall since 11-12. Plus the coldest temperature departures relative to the mean in NYC have been occurring later. The winter typically has the coldest daily temperature departure of the year. But 7 years between 1991 and 2021 featured the coldest daily annual temperature in the spring. There were only 2 years between 1960 and 1990 that this was the case. The last 2 years had the coldest annual departure in May. Record late trace of snow and cold in May 2020 and the record cold for the Memorial Day weekend last year. We went from record 80° temperatures in late February 2018 to record snow in March 2018. https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/plotting/auto/?_wait=no&q=32&network=NYCLIMATE&station=NY5801&year=2021&var=avg&gddbase=50&gddceil=86&how=diff&cmap=jet&_r=t&dpi=100&_fmt=png 1991-2021 coldest temperature of year in spring Mar 1993 Mar 1998 Mar 2002 Mar 2007 May 2010 May 2020 May 2021 1960 to 1990 Mar 1967 Mar 1978 Monthly Total Snowfall for ISLIP-LI MACARTHUR AP, NY Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Year Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Season Mean 0.0 0.8 2.8 14.5 11.9 7.9 0.5 37.6 2021-2022 0.0 T 0.3 31.8 3.3 M M 35.4 2020-2021 T 0.0 7.5 1.1 24.9 T T 33.5 2019-2020 0.0 0.1 4.2 2.5 0.0 T T 6.8 2018-2019 0.0 4.3 T 0.9 3.5 4.1 T 12.8 2017-2018 0.0 T 6.0 22.0 1.4 31.9 4.6 65.9 2016-2017 T T 3.2 14.0 14.7 7.4 T 39.3 2015-2016 0.0 0.0 T 24.8 13.2 3.2 0.2 41.4 2014-2015 0.0 T 0.4 30.2 13.4 19.7 0.0 63.7 2013-2014 0.0 0.3 8.1 25.2 24.5 5.4 0.2 63.7 2012-2013 0.0 4.2 0.6 3.3 31.4 7.4 0.0 46.9 2011-2012 0.3 0.0 T 3.8 0.6 T 0.0 4.7

The top end winter 70-80° days have been increasing also. Time Series Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ - Dec through Feb Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Season Highest Max Temperature Missing Count 1 2017-2018 80 0 2 1998-1999 76 0 - 1948-1949 76 0 3 2016-2017 74 0 - 2001-2002 74 0 - 1996-1997 74 0 - 1953-1954 74 0 - 1949-1950 74 0 4 1984-1985 73 0 5 2006-2007 72 0 - 1982-1983 72 0 - 1946-1947 72 0 6 2015-2016 71 0 - 2013-2014 71 0 - 2010-2011 71 0 7 2019-2020 70 0 - 1997-1998 70 0 - 1978-1979 70 0 - 1938-1939 70 0 - 1931-1932 70 0

This many 60 degree days used to be rare during the winter. Now we are approaching 10 days this winter. So we are able to get the odd juxtaposition of winter 60s and snow close together which was typically the domain of March and April snows in the old days.

Unusually high pressure for our area this morning. It may have allowed some slight radiational cooling at LGA when the winds went calm. One of the rare times that LGA is cooler than NYC and JFK and close to Staten Island. 600 AM EST WED FEB 16 2022 CITY SKY/WX TMP DP RH WIND PRES REMARKS Central Park PTCLDY 31 16 54 S3 30.73S LaGuardia Arpt MOCLDY 28 13 53 CALM 30.72R Kennedy Intl PTCLDY 31 20 63 S12 30.74R WCI 22 Newark Liberty PTCLDY 24 12 60 W5 30.72S WCI 18 Teterboro Arpt PTCLDY 21 13 71 N3 30.72R Bronx Lehman C N/A 32 16 51 S2 N/A Queens College N/A 32 19 59 S2 N/A Breezy Point NOT AVBL Brooklyn Coll N/A 32 21 64 S7 N/A WCI 26 Staten Island N/A 27 16 63 W2 N/A

I ran the numbers for our area between the 81-10 and the new 91-20 climate normals. December is the fastest warming month of winter and the entire year. So the record warmth this December fit the pattern. While spring and March has been warming, the rate is lower than the other seasons of the year. The monthly temperature increases from 81-10 to 91-20 have been more pronounced during certain months. Newark and Islip are compared below. The +1.0 or warmer months for either station were bolded. ……….EWR…..ISP Dec…+1.5….+1.5 Jan….+1.2…+1.3 Feb….+0.5….+0.5 Mar….+0.4….+0.6 Apr….+0.5…..+0.6 May...+0.6….+0.9 Jun….+0.3….+0.6 Jul…..+1.4…..+1.1 Aug...+0.6….+0.9 Sep….+1.0….+1.3 Oct…..+0.9..+1.4 Nov….+0.2..+0.5