bluewave

Probably related to how warm the subsurface is from Japan to south of the Aleutians. So every time the PDO rises it meets resistance right around neutral. Will be interesting to see what the ceiling is for the PDO as the super El Niño intensifies going into the late fall and winter. The Euro seasonal maintains the warm pool there through February.

Really unusual fall into spring pattern that year. All-time October warmth followed by not much winter to speak of. Then the record late T of snow in May. Time Series Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ - Month of Oct top 5 warmest maximum temperature Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. 1 2019 96 0 2 1941 93 0 3 1949 92 0 4 1959 91 0 5 1939 90 0 - 1938 90 0 - 1908 90 0 Monthly Data for October 2019 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. NJ NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP WBAN 96 NY LAGUARDIA AIRPORT WBAN 95 NJ HARRISON COOP 95 NJ TETERBORO AIRPORT WBAN 95 NY JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT WBAN 95 NJ CANOE BROOK COOP 94 NJ CALDWELL ESSEX COUNTY AP WBAN 94 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 93 NY SHRUB OAK COOP 91 CT STAMFORD 5 N COOP 91 NY RIVERHEAD RESEARCH FARM COOP 91 NY MOUNT SINAI COOP 91 NY FARMINGDALE REPUBLIC AP WBAN 90

Depends on the year since the ridge location and intensity has been quite variable during previous super El Niño Octobers. This year is doing its own thing so far with the ridges stronger and further south than usual. We’ll have to see what the pattern looks like in early October since all we have now is a snapshot for the start of the month.

The ensemble means are wetter than the OPS over the next 10 days. We have a system that moves through this weekend with some locally heavy rain potential. Then a slow moving cutoff develops next week that could linger until day 8-10.

80s have become more common in October during the last decade. We even had November 80s two years during the 2020s. The average for warm spots like Newark has been 4 days reaching 80° past the end of September. Monthly Number of Days Max Temperature >= 80 for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ Oct-Nov Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Mean 3 0 4 2025 4 0 4 2024 4 2 6 2023 6 0 6 2022 0 1 1 2021 5 0 5 2020 0 0 0 2019 3 0 3 2018 3 0 3 2017 5 0 5 2016 3 0 3 First/Last 80° Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ Each section contains date and year of occurrence, value on that date. Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Minimum 02-21 (2018) 09-28 (2020) 181 Mean 03-28 10-18 203 Maximum 04-15 (2024) 11-06 (2024) 2025 03-29 (2025) 85 10-07 (2025) 83 191 2024 04-15 (2024) 83 11-06 (2024) 83 204 2023 04-06 (2023) 83 10-28 (2023) 84 204 2022 04-14 (2022) 88 11-07 (2022) 81 206 2021 03-26 (2021) 84 10-20 (2021) 80 207 2020 03-20 (2020) 80 09-28 (2020) 81 191 2019 04-08 (2019) 80 10-07 (2019) 80 181 2018 02-21 (2018) 80 10-11 (2018) 81 231 2017 04-10 (2017) 82 10-21 (2017) 81 193 2016 03-09 (2016) 82 10-19 (2016) 87 223

We have a shot at 3 months in a row where part of the region goes 10”+. Monthly Data for September 2026 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. CT NORTHFORD 0.8 SW CoCoRaHS 8.22 CT FAIRFIELD 1.5 NE CoCoRaHS 7.97 CT DARIEN 2.4 NW CoCoRaHS 7.64 CT NORWALK 1.4 ENE CoCoRaHS 7.36 CT TRUMBULL 2.6 SSE CoCoRaHS 7.14 CT STAMFORD 1.0 S CoCoRaHS 6.69 CT JEWETT CITY 3.0 ESE CoCoRaHS 6.68 NJ FAIR LAWN 1.2 SE CoCoRaHS 6.63 CT NORWALK 2.9 NNW CoCoRaHS 6.55 Monthly Data for August 2026 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. NJ CLARK TWP 1.3 ENE CoCoRaHS 12.48 NJ LINDEN 2.2 NW CoCoRaHS 12.19 NJ HARRISON COOP 11.78 NJ CRANFORD TWP 1.1 ESE CoCoRaHS 10.99 NY FRANKLIN SQUARE 1.1 N CoCoRaHS 10.92 NJ CLARK TWP 0.7 SSW CoCoRaHS 10.88 NJ KEARNY 1.7 NNW CoCoRaHS 10.88 NJ NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP WBAN 10.19 Monthly Data for July 2026 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. NY BEACON 4.2 ESE CoCoRaHS 17.14 NY PEEKSKILL 2.8 NNE CoCoRaHS 16.45 CT BETHEL 0.5 E CoCoRaHS 15.83 CT DANBURY COOP 15.12 NY NELSONVILLE 0.3 S CoCoRaHS 14.54 CT NEWTOWN 5.3 S CoCoRaHS 14.51 CT BETHEL 3.5 NNE CoCoRaHS 14.07 CT OAKDALE 2.6 WNW CoCoRaHS 13.97 NY SHRUB OAK COOP 13.93 NY GARRISON 1.5 NE CoCoRaHS 13.76 CT NEWTOWN 4.6 SE CoCoRaHS 13.64 CT SALEM 3.6 SE CoCoRaHS 13.60 CT STRATFORD 0.2 ESE CoCoRaHS 13.43 CT SHELTON 1.3 W CoCoRaHS 13.23 CT SHELTON 1.3 W CoCoRaHS 13.12 CT NORTHFORD 0.8 SW CoCoRaHS 13.11 CT BETHEL 4.5 SSE CoCoRaHS 13.09 CT FAIRFIELD 1.5 NE CoCoRaHS 13.08 CT CHESTER CENTER 2.7 WNW CoCoRaHS 12.93 NY YORKTOWN HEIGHTS 2.7 NNW CoCoRaHS 12.43 CT TRUMBULL 2.6 SSE CoCoRaHS 12.43 CT BROOKFIELD 3.3 SSE CoCoRaHS 12.42 CT IGOR I SIKORSKY MEMORIAL AIRPORT WBAN 12.33 NY CARMEL 4N COOP 11.95 CT RIDGEFIELD 2.4 NNE CoCoRaHS 11.84 NY SEAFORD 0.4 SE CoCoRaHS 11.82 NY LAKE CARMEL 0.7 NE CoCoRaHS 11.75 NJ HAWTHORNE 1.0 SSE CoCoRaHS 11.71 CT SOUTHBURY 2.3 W CoCoRaHS 11.53 NY PATTERSON 1.3 E CoCoRaHS 11.28 CT GUILFORD COOP 11.19 NY NEW WINDSOR 3.3 W CoCoRaHS 11.18 NJ CEDAR GROVE TWP 0.4 W CoCoRaHS 11.17 CT DURHAM 1.2 W CoCoRaHS 11.14 CT WALLINGFORD CENTER 1.9 WNW CoCoRaHS 11.13 CT NEW CANAAN 1.9 ENE CoCoRaHS 11.06 CT LEDYARD 0.5 NE CoCoRaHS 11.04 CT WALLINGFORD CENTER 3.3 NNW CoCoRaHS 11.03 CT MIDDLEFIELD 1.4 W CoCoRaHS 10.97 CT MIDDLEFIELD 0.6 SE CoCoRaHS 10.96 CT RIDGEFIELD 3.6 N CoCoRaHS 10.92 NY CENTEREACH 1.3 NE CoCoRaHS 10.88 CT NORWALK 2.9 NNW CoCoRaHS 10.83 CT ANSONIA 1 NW COOP 10.78 NY STONY POINT 0.7 NW CoCoRaHS 10.73 CT STRATFORD 0.9 W CoCoRaHS 10.69 CT CROMWELL 0.4 WNW CoCoRaHS 10.62 CT WALLINGFORD CENTER 1.1 N CoCoRaHS 10.55 NJ RIVER EDGE 0.4 NNE CoCoRaHS 10.32 CT PROSPECT 1.9 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.31 NY PORT JERVIS COOP 10.30 CT LEDYARD 2.8 NNE CoCoRaHS 10.25 NJ MONTCLAIR 0.7 N CoCoRaHS 10.22 NJ FAIR LAWN 0.9 E CoCoRaHS 10.22 NY MOUNT SINAI COOP 10.21 CT NORWICH 5.4 SE CoCoRaHS 10.17 NJ WAYNE TWP 2.3 ESE CoCoRaHS 10.13 CT SHERMAN 1.2 E CoCoRaHS 10.13 CT HIGGANUM 0.7 N CoCoRaHS 10.13 CT HIGGANUM 0.8 NE CoCoRaHS 10.05 CT NORWICH 5.2 SE CoCoRaHS 10.04 CT WALLINGFORD 3.1 N CoCoRaHS 10.03

I like the Euro monthly forecasts issued on the 5th which have been doing a pretty good job compared to some of the other guidance.

Overlapping forecast signal showing up near the start of October. A more traditional Nino ridge south of Hudson Bay developing. With the lingering mid-latitude ridge underneath.

Especially with the most recent runs moving to cutoff the upper low under the big ridge.

The continuing record WWBs are making this the strongest east based event for so early in the season.

Yeah, looks like a very wet pattern coming up with lows and stalled fronts undercutting the big high to our north and plenty of easterly flow.

Yeah, we could see a subtropical or tropical system eventually form next 2 weeks somewhere to our south. Not what the waterlogged parts of the region want to hear. Even if we don’t get a well defined system, the high moisture could lead to heavy downpours with weak lows and stalled fronts.

September 500mb ridge axis continues to be much further south and stronger than past developing super El Niño events. This has lead to the record warmth across the CONUS this month. At the least the trough near the West Coast matches with the other years. But it’s a weaker area of low pressure than 1997.

More of the same since the big 2007 shift. So most years making a forecast for a minimum in the 4s has done very well. The exceptions were a little above in 2009, 2013 and 2014. The only years below 4 million sq km were 2012 and 2020. My guess is that we would need a strong dipole pattern like we saw from 2007-2012 to challenge the 2012 record. 2020 came the closest but quickly fell behind during the early August period which had the big storm back in 2012. I suppose the other possibility is that we get a really warm Arctic winter into spring some day that allows us to surpass the 2012 with a less extreme summer. But that hasn’t been the case so far as all these weak dipole summers since 2013 have made the 2012 minimum to challenging to pass. The volume remains so low with the loss of older sea ice that even a very favorable pressure pattern this summer like this one can’t get us back to pre 2005-2007 extents. While there was significant cold near the North Pole at times early this summer, it was too narrowly focused to do much. The overall Arctic was near the warmest summer on record. This became obvious with the recent record open water close to the North Pole. https://nsidc.org/sea-ice-today/analyses/new-abnormal The new abnormal THURSDAY, OCTOBER 3, 2024 Since 2007, the Arctic sea ice minimum has dropped below 5 million square kilometers (1.93 million square miles) every year, except in 2009, 2013, and 2014, when extent barely crossed the 5 million square kilometer mark. Such low extents would have been hard to imagine in the 1990s, when extent averaged 6.46 million square kilometers (2.49 million square miles). This persistent new normal, and the related losses of most of the old and thick ice, are prominent characteristics of the new, warmer Arctic—resiliently low in ice cover despite more than a decade of variations in seasonal climate patterns and oceanconditions. Rick Thoman @alaskawx.bsky.social Follow Arctic-wide sea ice extent has (very likely) reached the minimum for 2026 In NSIDC analysis. At 4.60 million square kilometers (about 2.5 times the size of Alaska), this ties with last year for the 11th lowest since 1979. But that's still lower than every year's min prior to 2007. #Arctic #SeaIce ALT 12:55 PM · Sep 18, 2026

Starting the day out with minimums near 70°. So the warmer minimum departures this month have been a bit more impressive than the maxes. The cool down next week follows this theme. Clouds, easterly flow, and rain will keep the maximum departures cooler than the minimum departures.

https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=NWS&issuedby=OHX&product=AFD&format=CI&version=1&glossary=1 Dangerous heat is the main concern this week, especially during the afternoon hours. A powerful 6000+ meter 500 mb ridge over the region will keep conditions hot and humid with no meaningful rain potential. BNA reached a record-setting 100 degrees Tuesday and there is no reason to doubt it will happen again Wednesday as the ridge intensifies directly overhead. Record high temperatures are in jeopardy each day this week.

NYC was one of the coolest spots in the city at 57° as most other stations didn’t drop below 60°. TEMPERATURE (F) YESTERDAY MAXIMUM 72 229 PM 92 1927 77 -5 79 MINIMUM 57 621 AM 44 1873 63 -6 66 AVERAGE 65 70 -5 73 St./16th / Alphabet City 75 62 67 75 62 66 38 0.00 18 1:00am 9 12:50am 20.5 160th Ave. / Howard Beach 70 59 65 70 59 69 45 0.00 28th St. / Chelsea 75 62 67 75 62 65 41 0.00 16 4:40pm 7 8:45pm 18.3 Astoria 73 60 66 73 60 68 45 0.00 13 1:00am 6 12:55am 15.7 Bensonhurst / Mapleton 73 61 67 73 61 69 44 0.00 20.1 Blooming Grove 71 47 59 71 47 94 44 0.00 14 11:10pm 7 11:10pm 21.0 Bronx Mesonet 73 56 65 73 56 71 45 0.00 18 9:15am 9 9:15am 19.9 Brooklyn Mesonet 69 61 65 69 61 70 44 0.00 18 1:25am 11 1:45am 21.3 Brownsville 73 61 67 73 61 68 40 0.00 Corona 75 60 67 75 60 69 43 0.00 E 40th St. / Murray Hill 72 63 67 72 63 66 41 0.00 East River at Alphabet City Fresh Kills 86 41 0.00 15 2:20pm 7 12:25pm 20.9 Glendale / Maspeth 73 60 66 73 60 67 44 0.00 Gold Street / Navy Yard 73 62 67 73 62 67 42 0.00 17 1:15am 8 12:40am 21.4 Lefferts / South Ozone Park 72 60 66 72 60 68 44 0.00 Manhattan Mesonet 72 61 66 72 61 67 45 0.00 22 8:00am 12 8:00am 20.6 Mount Ivy 73 47 59 73 47 95 42 0.00 10 1:40pm 4 3:55pm 20.7 Newtown / Long Island City 74 61 67 74 61 65 40 0.00 17 1:15am 10 1:15am 19.3 Otisville Mesonet 70 42 56 70 42 99 45 0.00 13 4:15pm 8 3:20pm 20.9 Port Jervis 73 46 58 73 45 96 40 0.00 12 4:05pm 5 4:25pm 20.3 Queens Mesonet 72 59 65 72 59 70 44 0.00 19 6:30pm 11 6:30pm 20.1 Queensbridge / Dutch Kills 76 61 68 76 61 65 41 0.00 16.5 Staten Island Mesonet 71 57 64 71 57 83 44 0.00 16 12:40pm 9 2:45pm 20.1 Suffern Mesonet 71 50 60 71 50 94 44 0.00 10 2:30pm 5 11:35am 19.3 TLC Center 73 61 66 73 61 66 41 0.00 16 12:35am 12 6:55pm 21.3 Tremont / Van Nest 73 58 66 73 58 67 45 0.00

Plenty of easterly flow reducing the maxes is the main reason. It will be interesting to see if we can get a tropical connection established. Since lows often develop underneath the big highs east of New England this time of year.

Even single model forecasts have been missing the magnitudes of the ridges and the warmth underneath. But this is to be expected due to the much lower resolution and nature of long range forecasts beyond 15 days. In our rapidly warming climate there have been many more opportunities for the models to be biased too cold than too warm. So it’s beyond technology of present day weather forecast models to have been able to see the historic 600 dm ridge this week from beyond 5-10 days out.

The C3S model blend had the general temperature spatial pattern correct for the CONUS this summer. But as usual it was too cool especially where the all-time warmth occurred out West. Plus the ridge axis verified further south which has become a reoccurring theme in recent years. Many outlets that do seasonal forecasting use this blend as the basis for their forecasts which you see online. That’s why it’s a useful piece of guidance even if it often misses the magnitude of the warmth under the ridges. https://climate.copernicus.eu/charts/packages/c3s_seasonal/products/c3s_seasonal_spatial_mm_2mtm_3m?area=area06&base_time=202605010000&type=ensm&valid_time=202606010000

This record breaking 600 dm ridge is ridiculous for September.

Next week looks closer to average. But it will feel much cooler due to how warm this month has been so far. So something approaching more fall-like weather.

Parts of Fairfield County are at 30” of rain since June 1st. This beat the previous record by 3.5” at BDR. Last year was the 3rd driest over the same period. Very impressive to pull this off without any tropical systems. Just goes to show how much more moisture the record warm atmosphere can hold. https://www.theclimatebrink.com/p/the-atmosphere-just-set-a-water-vapor The Atmosphere Just Set a Water Vapor Record More water vapor means more rocket fuel for extreme rain — so this record is not good news Data for June 1, 2026 through September 15, 2026 Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. BETHEL 0.5 E CoCoRaHS 30.13 BETHEL 3.5 NNE CoCoRaHS 30.11 TRUMBULL 2.6 SSE CoCoRaHS 29.44 STRATFORD 0.2 ESE CoCoRaHS 29.35 DANBURY COOP 28.33 SHELTON 1.3 W CoCoRaHS 28.16 FAIRFIELD 1.5 NE CoCoRaHS 27.87 BROOKFIELD 3.3 SSE CoCoRaHS 27.67 IGOR I SIKORSKY MEMORIAL AIRPORT WBAN 27.23 NEWTOWN 5.3 S CoCoRaHS 27.11 NEWTOWN 4.6 SE CoCoRaHS 26.76 NORWALK 2.9 NNW CoCoRaHS 25.90 STRATFORD 0.9 W CoCoRaHS 25.90 SHELTON 1.3 W CoCoRaHS 25.65 BETHEL 4.5 SSE CoCoRaHS 25.13 Wettest Time Series Summary for IGOR I SIKORSKY MEMORIAL AIRPORT, CT 6-01 to 9-15 Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. 1 2026-09-15 27.23 1 2 1971-09-15 23.73 0 3 2011-09-15 21.52 0 4 1992-09-15 21.34 0 5 2006-09-15 21.06 0 6 1972-09-15 20.97 0 7 1952-09-15 20.35 0 8 2021-09-15 18.83 0 9 1982-09-15 18.52 0 10 2000-09-15 18.40 0 Driest Time Series Summary for IGOR I SIKORSKY MEMORIAL AIRPORT, CT Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. 1 1964-09-15 4.36 0 2 1995-09-15 4.37 0 3 2025-09-15 5.25 0 4 1993-09-15 5.71 0 5 1948-09-15 6.37 30 6 1966-09-15 6.62 0 7 1957-09-15 6.98 0 8 1970-09-15 7.52 0 9 2005-09-15 7.57 0

Our area has been seeing more and more 80° days in recent years during October and November. We set the all-time October highs in the mid 90s during October 2019. JFK and other stations set records last few years multiple times for latest 80° in the season. The area add more 80° days to the list at the usual warm spots next few days. First/Last 80°Summary for JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, NY Each section contains date and year of occurrence, value on that date. Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. 2022 05-21 (2022) 87 11-07 (2022) 80 169 2024 04-29 (2024) 82 11-01 (2024) 82 185 1950 05-07 (1950) 81 11-01 (1950) 80 177 1971 05-11 (1971) 80 10-29 (1971) 80 170 2023 04-12 (2023) 84 10-28 (2023) 81 198 1963 04-18 (1963) 82 10-21 (1963) 81 185 1949 05-05 (1949) 83 10-21 (1949) 80 168 1969 04-26 (1969) 80 10-20 (1969) 81 176 2016 05-25 (2016) 87 10-19 (2016) 86 146 1975 05-20 (1975) 81 10-15 (1975) 82 147 2021 03-26 (2021) 81 10-14 (2021) 80 201 1990 03-13 (1990) 85 10-14 (1990) 82 214 1962 04-22 (1962) 81 10-12 (1962) 81 172 1960 04-15 (1960) 80 10-11 (1960) 80 178 2017 04-16 (2017) 83 10-10 (2017) 84 176 2011 05-24 (2011) 82 10-10 (2011) 84 138 1997 05-19 (1997) 82 10-10 (1997) 86 143 2007 04-30 (2007) 81 10-09 (2007) 80 161 1961 05-25 (1961) 81 10-09 (1961) 82 136 1959 04-08 (1959) 82 10-09 (1959) 82 183 2018 05-02 (2018) 83 10-07 (2018) 80 157

95° was the highest recorded temperature for MPO. But there are many days with missing readings from that area including 7-3-1911. It’s one of the sites with incomplete data from before the modern airport station was established. Plus we don’t have precise elevation data from where the readings were taken that far back in time. Maximum 1-Day Mean Max Temperature for Mount Pocono Area, PA (ThreadEx) Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Last value also occurred in one or more previous years. Period of record: 1901-09-12 to 2026-09-14 1 95.0 1954-07-31 - 95.0 1953-09-02 - 95.0 1911-08-14 - 95.0 1911-07-31 - 95.0 1909-08-08 - 95.0 1908-07-07 2 94.0 2012-07-18 - 94.0 2011-07-22 - 94.0 2011-07-21 - 94.0 2010-07-06 - 94.0 1988-07-08 - 94.0 1988-07-07 - 94.0 1966-07-03 - 94.0 1953-09-03 - 94.0 1949-07-04 - 94.0 1911-07-09 - 94.0 1911-05-22 3 93.0 2025-06-23 - 93.0 1999-07-06 - 93.0 1988-07-16 - 93.0 1988-07-10 - 93.0 1980-07-20 - 93.0 1955-07-22 - 93.0 1954-07-14 - 93.0 1953-07-18 - 93.0 1949-07-28 - 93.0 1948-08-26 - 93.0 1917-07-31 - 93.0 1911-08-10 - 93.0 1911-07-11 Mount Pocono Area, PA Period of record: 1901-09-12 through 2026-09-14DateHighest maximum temperatures (degrees F)Top Record 2nd Record 3rd Record 7/1 90 in 2026 88 in 2018 88 in 1968+ 7/2 93 in 1911 92 in 2026 90 in 1966 7/3 94 in 1966 92 in 2026 91 in 1949 7/4 94 in 1949 91 in 1955 89 in 1966 7/5 91 in 2010 91 in 1955 90 in 1999 7/6 94 in 2010 93 in 1999 93 in 1911