bluewave

JFK finished with the 11th warmest August temperature due to the sea breeze arriving earlier than the other stations which ranked higher. Time Series Summary for JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, NY - Month of Aug Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Mean Avg Temperature Missing Count 1 2016 78.9 0 2 2015 78.5 0 3 2005 78.4 0 4 1980 78.0 0 5 2018 77.5 0 - 1984 77.5 0 6 1978 77.4 0 - 1969 77.4 0 7 1970 77.3 0 8 2001 77.2 0 9 1995 77.0 0 10 1955 76.9 0 11 2021 76.8 1 - 1991 76.8 0 - 1959 76.8 0

Ida will be the first storm this summer that finally begins a break in the 90° heat potential. Very strong blocking for early September will develop. Long range guidance is hinting at a resurgence of the WAR by mid to late September.

While these August extent loss slowdowns have become common in recent years, the declines have picked up again into the September minimum. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abc047 Abstract One of the clearest indicators of human-caused climate change is the rapid decline in Arctic sea ice. The summer minimum coverage is now approximately half of its extent only 40 yr ago. Four records in the minimum extent were broken since 2000, the most recent occurring in September 2012. No new records have been set since then, however, owing to an abrupt atmospheric shift during each August/early-September that brought low sea-level pressure, cloudiness, and unfavorable wind conditions for ice reduction. While random variability could be the cause, we identify a recently increased prevalence of a characteristic large-scale atmospheric pattern over the northern hemisphere. This pattern is associated not only with anomalously low pressure over the Arctic during summer, but also with frequent heatwaves over East Asia, Scandinavia, and northern North America, as well as the tendency for a split jet stream over the continents. This jet-stream configuration has been identified as favoring extreme summer weather events in northern mid-latitudes. We propose a mechanism linking these features with diminishing spring snow cover on northern-hemisphere continents that acts as a negative feedback on the loss of Arctic sea ice during summer. Climate model did a great job with the record heat over the continents in recent summers with the very low pressures at times in the Arctic.

Newark moved into the 2nd warmest August spot with a +3.5 departure. Bridgeport is in 3rd place with only a +1.9 departure. ISP is in 5th place with a +2 departure. So the much warmer 1991-2020 climo makes it possible for some stations to have a top 5 warmest August at only a +2 departure. Time Series Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ - Month of Aug Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Mean Avg Temperature Missing Count 1 2005 80.4 0 2 2021 79.9 1 - 2016 79.9 0 3 1988 79.7 0 4 1973 79.6 0 5 2018 79.2 0 - 1993 79.2 0 6 2001 79.0 0 7 2015 78.7 0 8 1995 78.5 0 - 1980 78.5 0 9 2002 77.9 0 10 2020 77.7 0 Time Series Summary for IGOR I SIKORSKY MEMORIAL AIRPORT, CT - Month of Aug Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Mean Avg Temperature Missing Count 1 2016 78.4 0 2 2018 77.9 0 3 2021 76.4 1 4 2020 76.3 0 - 2005 76.3 0 5 2015 76.1 0 6 1955 76.0 0 7 1980 75.9 0 8 2001 75.8 0 - 1973 75.8 0 9 2012 75.6 0 - 2003 75.6 0 10 1988 75.5 0 Time Series Summary for ISLIP-LI MACARTHUR AP, NY - Month of Aug Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Mean Avg Temperature Missing Count 1 1980 77.4 0 2 2016 77.3 0 3 2005 77.0 0 4 2018 76.7 0 5 2021 75.8 1 6 2015 75.7 0 - 1998 75.7 0 7 2001 75.6 0 8 2020 75.3 0 9 1988 75.0 0 10 1969 74.9 0

Yes. Islip reached 10” of rain in a little over 2 hrs. https://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/pub/hdsc/data/aep/201408_New_York/11_Islip_2014.pdf https://www.weather.gov/owp/hdsc_aep https://www.weather.gov/okx/HistoricFlooding_081314 SUMMARY:An official, New York State 24 hour precipitation record was set at Islip, NY on August 12-13, 2014 with 13.57" of rain (See Public Information Statement). This breaks the previous record of 11.6" at Tannersville, NY on August 27-28, 2011 during Hurricane/Tropical storm Irene. 1.08" fell in just 8 minutes from 5:39 am to 5:47 am (See Islip, NY Rainfall Data)!

The best shot of 10”+ will be where the front stalls out. Mesos should be interesting tomorrow. Very impressive stationary torrential banding signal showing up.

The 2010-2013 summers featured drier heat with more westerly flow. It’s been higher dew point S to SW flow heat since the super El Niño in 2016. LGA had a hotter summer in 2020 than 2010 since North Shore locations are far enough from the sea breeze. JFK needed the westerly flow in 2010 for its hottest summer. Dry heat summer in 2010 with the ridge to our SW Another moist heat summer in 2021 with WAR to our east

Does anyone know why the threads are different widths? Some threads open all the way across and others have a narrower format. Is there a hidden setting to give all threads the wider look?

It’s the new normal for nearly every summer since 2010 to make the top 10 warmest around the region.

A recent study also found an abrupt shift to more extreme precipitation in the Northeast over this same time period. https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/hydr/18/6/jhm-d-16-0195_1.xml Abstract The northeastern United States has experienced a large increase in precipitation over recent decades. Annual and seasonal changes of total and extreme precipitation from station observations in the Northeast were assessed over multiple time periods spanning 1901–2014. Spatially averaged, both annual total and extreme precipitation across the Northeast increased significantly since 1901, with changepoints occurring in 2002 and 1996, respectively. Annual extreme precipitation experienced a larger increase than total precipitation; extreme precipitation from 1996 to 2014 is 53% higher than from 1901 to 1995. Spatially, coastal areas receive more total and extreme precipitation on average, but increases across the changepoints are distributed fairly uniformly across the domain. Increases in annual total precipitation across the 2002 changepoint are driven by significant total precipitation increases in fall and summer, while increases in annual extreme precipitation across the 1996 changepoint are driven by significant extreme precipitation increases in fall and spring. The ability of gridded observed and reanalysis precipitation data to reproduce station observations was also evaluated. Gridded observations perform well in reproducing averages and trends of annual and seasonal total precipitation, but extreme precipitation trends show significantly different spatial and domain-averaged trends than station data. The North American Regional Reanalysis generally underestimates annual and seasonal total and extreme precipitation means and trends relative to station observations, and also shows substantial differences in the spatial pattern of total and extreme precipitation trends within the Northeast. 1. Introduction Multiple studies have found increasing total and extreme precipitation across the northeastern United States (Kunkel et al. 2013a; Peterson et al. 2013; Hayhoe et al. 2007), and extreme precipitation events have increased faster over the Northeast region than in any other part of the United States (Kunkel et al. 2013a). Hayhoe et al. (2007) found an increase of 10 mm decade−1 in annual total precipitation from 1900 to 1999 using the 93 stations in the U.S. Historical Climatology Network in the states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. Using the U.S. Climate Divisional Dataset, version 2, over the domain of Hayhoe et al. (2007) plus Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C., Kunkel et al. (2013b) found a 10.2 mm decade−1 increase in annual total precipitation over 1895–2011. However, across a similar time period (1901–2000) as Hayhoe et al. (2007), Walsh et al. (2014) and Kunkel et al. (2013b) found a trend of approximately 5.6 mm decade−1. Extreme precipitation events have also been increasing across the Northeast, both in intensity and frequency, particularly over the past three decades (Walsh et al. 2014; Kunkel et al. 2013a; Hoerling et al. 2016). This increase in extreme precipitation events is consistent with expected impacts of climate change on precipitation, primarily more extreme events driven by the ability of the atmosphere to hold more water as described by the Clausius–Clapeyron relationship (e.g., Trenberth 1998; Mishra et al. 2012; Prein et al. 2017). Kunkel et al. (2013a) found significant increases in both 2-day precipitation events that occur once every 5 years and the amount of precipitation falling on the 1% wettest days during the time period 1957–2010 for the Northeast. Hoerling et al. (2016) discovered a 2%–3% increase per decade in both the total amount and frequency of heavy precipitation events (5% wettest days) in the Northeast over 1901–2013, with the increases in heavy precipitation total amount, frequency, and intensity accelerating after 1979. Walsh et al. (2014) also evaluated trends in the amount of precipitation falling in the Northeast on the 1% wettest days using the Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily (GHCN-D) dataset, finding a striking increase of 71% from 1958 to 2012. Given the growing consensus on the recent dramatic increase of extreme precipitation across the Northeast, our motivation is to explore the temporal and spatial attributes of precipitation increases in greater detail, as well as to assess the ability of gridded observational and reanalysis datasets to capture this precipitation increase. Specifically, we add to this literature by 1) assessing the sensitivity of total and extreme precipitation changes to the time period of analysis [sections 3a(1), 3a(3)]; 2) exploring the spatial distribution of total and extreme precipitation across the Northeast [sections 3a(2), 3a(4)]; 3) analyzing seasonal changes in total and extreme precipitation [section 3a(5)]; and 4) evaluating the consistency of means and trends in precipitation across station, gridded, and reanalysis data (section 3b). 4. Conclusions Over the 1901–2014 station observational record in the Northeast, we find a significant 6.8% (0.6% decade−1) increase in annual total precipitation and a much larger 41% (3.6% decade−1) increase in annual extreme precipitation. However, a key conclusion of our study is that the recent increases in annual total and extreme precipitation in the Northeast are best characterized as abrupt shifts in 2002 and 1996, respectively, rather than long-term increases over several decades as could be implied from a linear trend. While the pre-changepoint trends in annual total (1901–2001; −1.6 mm decade−1) and annual extreme (1901–95; 0.1 mm decade−1) precipitation are not statistically significant, total precipitation from 2002 to 2014 was 13% higher than from 1901 to 2001 and extreme precipitation from 1996 to 2014 was 53% higher than from 1901 to 1995, with both increases being statistically significant. The fact that these wetter periods both abut the end of our record in 2014 means that any long-term linear trends are highly dependent on their start date and should therefore be interpreted with caution, particularly when extrapolating into the future. Of note, the recent 2015–16 drought in the Northeast is not included in our analyses, although it is not likely to change the significance of the post-changepoint increases. Spatially, we find that the increases in annual total and extreme precipitation are widespread across the Northeast domain, with the exception of smaller increases and even some significant decreases to the east of Lake Erie, and in the southern part of the domain in West Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Our seasonal analysis reveals that fall and summer total precipitation have statistically significant increases after changepoints in 2002 and 2003, respectively, suggesting that they contribute to the annual total precipitation changepoint in 2002. The extreme precipitation increase across the 1996 changepoint is associated with 83% and 85% increases in spring and fall extreme precipitation, respectively, and may indicate common atmospheric forcing of spring and fall extreme precipitation in the mid- to late 1990s. The increase in fall precipitation across the 1995 changepoint is consistent with the finding of Kunkel et al. (2010) that increased heavy precipitation associated with tropical cyclones after 1994 is an important driver of the overall increase in extreme precipitation. Our ongoing investigations into the underlying dynamical causes for Northeast annual total and extreme precipitation increases are focusing on these critical time periods in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Our comparison of spatial and temporal extreme precipitation patterns in station (GHCN-D), gridded (LI2013), and reanalysis (NARR) datasets shows that LI2013 is more consistent with station data than NARR. LI2013 reasonably captures the mean (within 2%) and seasonality (within 11%) of GHCN-D extreme precipitation, but contains significant differences in its trends. NARR underestimates regionally averaged extreme precipitation across all seasons by 1%–16%, and the annual extreme trends show significant differences in their spatial distribution, particularly over New England. Perhaps more importantly, both the NARR and LI2013 annual extreme time series have no significant changepoints. LI2013 does, however, reproduce GHCN-D regionally averaged annual and seasonal total precipitation within 5% (and usually within 3%), and its trends faithfully capture those from station observations both across the region and averaged over the Northeast. In addition, LI2013 has a changepoint in 2003, only one year later than the changepoint identified in GHCN-D annual total precipitation. However, NARR underestimates annual and seasonal total precipitation by 3%–10% and has annual total precipitation trends that are a factor of 2–9 times smaller than GHCN-D trends. Spatially, NARR is also less accurate than LI2013, with decreasing 1979–2014 trends over much of the coastal and western portions of the domain where GHCN-D trends are positive. This comparison of LI2013 and NARR to GHCN-D provides important information on the strengths and limitations of these products for use in analyzing hydroclimate, forcing climate impacts models, and identifying drivers of total and extreme precipitation.

2010 Monthly Data for October 2010 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY COLD SPRING 8.1 NE CoCoRaHS 10.65 Monthly Data for March 2010 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation CT NORWICH PUBLIC UTILITY PLANT COOP 18.24 CT OAKDALE 2.6 WNW CoCoRaHS 17.62 NY BAITING HOLLOW COOP 15.72 NY RIVERHEAD RESEARCH FARM COOP 13.39 NY EAST MORICHES 0.6 WNW CoCoRaHS 13.25 NY BRIDGEHAMPTON COOP 13.25 NY MOUNT SINAI COOP 12.53 NJ CHARLOTTEBURG RESERVOIR COOP 12.47 CT PUTNAM LAKE COOP 12.24 CT GROTON NEW LONDON AP WBAN 12.12 NJ CRANFORD COOP 12.07 CT PROSPECT 1.8 NW CoCoRaHS 12.01 NJ CANOE BROOK COOP 11.99 CT STAMFORD 5 N COOP 11.81 NY LEVITTOWN 0.2 E CoCoRaHS 11.72 NJ NEW PROVIDENCE 0.8 ESE CoCoRaHS 11.55 NY SETAUKET STRONG COOP 11.27 CT DANBURY MUNICIPAL AP WBAN 11.21 CT STRATFORD 0.8 N CoCoRaHS 11.17 NJ WESTFIELD 1.0 NE CoCoRaHS 11.12 NY MIDDLE ISLAND 0.8 ESE CoCoRaHS 11.12 CT EAST HAMPTON 0.6 NE CoCoRaHS 10.97 NY DOBBS FERRY-ARDSLEY COOP 10.94 NY SPRING VALLEY 1.7 N CoCoRaHS 10.92 NY CENTERPORT COOP 10.91 CT PORTLAND 0.9 S CoCoRaHS 10.90 NY JAMESPORT 0.6 SSW CoCoRaHS 10.89 NY WESTHAMPTON GABRESKI AP WBAN 10.88 NY RIVERHEAD 1.3 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.83 NY SHIRLEY BROOKHAVEN AIRPORT WBAN 10.77 CT BRIDGEPORT-SUCCESS HILL COOP 10.71 CT MILFORD 2.9 ESE CoCoRaHS 10.70 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 10.69 CT NEW HAVEN TWEED AP WBAN 10.52 CT BROOKFIELD 3.3 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.51 CT DARIEN 3.6 N CoCoRaHS 10.42 NY FLORAL PARK 0.4 W CoCoRaHS 10.41 NY MINEOLA COOP 10.34 NY BRONX COOP 10.27 NJ ESSEX FELLS SERVICE BLDG COOP 10.22 CT IGOR I SIKORSKY MEMORIAL AIRPORT WBAN 10.19 NJ NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP WBAN 10.08 NY SHOREHAM 1.8 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.02 NJ LITTLE FALLS TWP 0.5 WNW CoCoRaHS 10.01 2009 Monthly Data for June 2009 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY MIDDLETOWN 2 NW COOP 11.61 NY MONTGOMERY ORANGE COUNTY AP WBAN 11.07 NJ HARRISON COOP 10.71 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 10.05 NJ RUTHERFORD 1.2 N CoCoRaHS 10.03 2008 Monthly Data for September 2008 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation CT NORWICH PUBLIC UTILITY PLANT COOP 12.12 CT JEWETT CITY COOP 11.38 CT DANBURY COOP 10.24 NJ NEW MILFORD COOP 10.08 NY BRIDGEHAMPTON COOP 10.03 2007 Monthly Data for April 2007 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NJ HARRISON COOP 13.69 NJ TETERBORO AIRPORT WBAN 13.61 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 13.05 NY WESTCHESTER CO AP WBAN 12.78 NJ CRANFORD COOP 12.51 CT STAMFORD 5 N COOP 12.45 NJ CANOE BROOK COOP 12.23 NY BRONX COOP 12.12 NY DOBBS FERRY-ARDSLEY COOP 12.07 NJ NEW MILFORD COOP 11.95 NJ NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP WBAN 11.85 NY LAGUARDIA AIRPORT WBAN 11.78 CT ANSONIA 1 NE COOP 11.63 NJ LITTLE FALLS COOP 11.44 NJ NEWARK COOP 11.14 NJ WOODCLIFF LAKE COOP 11.05 NY NEW YORK AVE V BROOKLYN COOP 10.66 NJ ESSEX FELLS SERVICE BLDG COOP 10.46 2005 Monthly Data for October 2005 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NJ MIDLAND PARK COOP 25.09 NY WEST POINT COOP 21.10 NY RIVERHEAD RESEARCH FARM COOP 20.32 NY BRIDGEHAMPTON COOP 19.96 NY CENTERPORT COOP 18.69 NY OCEANSIDE COOP 18.26 NY MIDDLETOWN 2 NW COOP 18.26 NY WESTHAMPTON GABRESKI AP WBAN 17.98 NY SHIRLEY BROOKHAVEN AIRPORT WBAN 17.96 NY WALDEN 1 ESE COOP 17.90 NJ GREENWOOD LAKE COOP 17.49 NY YORKTOWN HEIGHTS 1W COOP 17.24 NY CARMEL 4N COOP 16.92 NJ CHARLOTTEBURG RESERVOIR COOP 16.83 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 16.73 NY PORT JERVIS COOP 16.61 CT MERIDEN MARKHAM MUNICIPAL AP WBAN 16.47 NY DOBBS FERRY-ARDSLEY COOP 16.24 NY WANTAGH CEDAR CREEK COOP 16.17 NJ RINGWOOD COOP 16.08 CT PUTNAM LAKE COOP 15.92 CT DANBURY COOP 15.86 NY MINEOLA COOP 15.73 NY FARMINGDALE REPUBLIC AP WBAN 15.67 NY WESTCHESTER CO AP WBAN 15.66 NY BRONX COOP 15.55 NY STERLING FOREST COOP 15.42 CT DANBURY MUNICIPAL AP WBAN 15.36 CT NORWICH PUBLIC UTILITY PLANT COOP 15.24 CT STEVENSON DAM COOP 15.19 NJ WOODCLIFF LAKE COOP 15.17 NJ NEW MILFORD COOP 15.10 NY JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT WBAN 14.97 NY SUFFERN COOP 14.86 CT STAMFORD 5 N COOP 14.73 NY LAGUARDIA AIRPORT WBAN 14.71 NJ CALDWELL ESSEX COUNTY AP WBAN 14.61 CT NEW HAVEN TWEED AP WBAN 14.60 NY ISLIP-LI MACARTHUR AP WBAN 14.07 NJ PLAINFIELD COOP 14.05 NJ HARRISON COOP 14.01 NJ CANOE BROOK COOP 13.95 NY EAST HAMPTON AP WBAN 13.85 NJ CRANFORD COOP 13.84 NY MONTAUK AIRPORT WBAN 13.45 NY MONTGOMERY ORANGE COUNTY AP WBAN 13.38 NJ NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP WBAN 13.22 NY GARDNERVILLE COOP 13.14 NJ TETERBORO AIRPORT WBAN 12.90 CT GROTON NEW LONDON AP WBAN 12.75 NJ LITTLE FALLS COOP 12.40 NY NEW YORK AVE V BROOKLYN COOP 12.35 CT IGOR I SIKORSKY MEMORIAL AIRPORT WBAN 12.08 CT JEWETT CITY COOP 12.07 NJ NEWARK COOP 12.04 NY SETAUKET STRONG COOP 12.00 NJ WAYNE COOP 11.90 2004 Monthly Data for September 2004 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY YORKTOWN HEIGHTS 1W COOP 13.17 NY DOBBS FERRY-ARDSLEY COOP 13.01 NY WESTCHESTER CO AP WBAN 12.56 NY CENTERPORT COOP 12.50 NY BRONX COOP 12.42 NJ PLAINFIELD COOP 12.23 NY WEST POINT COOP 12.04 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 11.51 CT STAMFORD 5 N COOP 11.35 NY BRIDGEHAMPTON COOP 11.23 NJ NEW MILFORD COOP 11.07 CT NORWICH PUBLIC UTILITY PLANT COOP 10.88 NJ TETERBORO AIRPORT WBAN 10.56 NY STERLING FOREST COOP 10.51 NY CARMEL 4N COOP 10.41 NY SUFFERN COOP 10.31 NY LAGUARDIA AIRPORT WBAN 10.28 NJ WOODCLIFF LAKE COOP 10.02 Monthly Data for July 2004 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NJ HARRISON COOP 11.72 NJ WOODCLIFF LAKE COOP 11.45 NJ PLAINFIELD COOP 10.97 NJ ESSEX FELLS SERVICE BLDG COOP 10.46 NY BRONX COOP 10.40 NJ CRANFORD COOP 10.09 NJ TETERBORO AIRPORT WBAN 10.05 2003 Monthly Data for September 2003 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY WEST POINT COOP 15.05 CT MERIDEN MARKHAM MUNICIPAL AP WBAN 10.07 Monthly Data for June 2003 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY OCEANSIDE COOP 12.47 NY CENTERPORT COOP 12.46 NJ CHARLOTTEBURG RESERVOIR COOP 11.37 NJ NEWARK COOP 10.94 NJ HARRISON COOP 10.87 NJ ESSEX FELLS SERVICE BLDG COOP 10.85 NY ISLIP-LI MACARTHUR AP WBAN 10.80 NY BRONX COOP 10.70 NY SEA CLIFF COOP 10.62 NJ NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP WBAN 10.50 NJ PLAINFIELD COOP 10.39 NJ CANOE BROOK COOP 10.27 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 10.26 NY FARMINGDALE REPUBLIC AP WBAN 10.08 NY SHIRLEY BROOKHAVEN AIRPORT WBAN 10.08 NJ WANAQUE RAYMOND DAM COOP 10.01

The Upton forecast zones have experienced a record number of 10”+rainfall months since 2003. Three of these months set records for all-time rainfall extremes. August 2014 featured the 1000 year rainfall event at Islip. Several stations in August 2011 and October 2005 exceeded 20” of rain. July and August 2021 was the first time that NYC recorded 10” of rainfall each month in the same summer. 2021 Monthly Data for August 2021 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY BROOKLYN 3.1 NW CoCoRaHS 11.85 NJ RINGWOOD 3.0 SSE CoCoRaHS 11.38 NJ WEST MILFORD TWP 2.5 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.90 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 10.32 NJ HARRISON COOP 10.24 Monthly Data for July 2021 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY PORT WASHINGTON 0.8 N CoCoRaHS 14.76 CT NORTHFORD 0.8 SW CoCoRaHS 12.54 CT DARIEN 3.6 N CoCoRaHS 12.06 CT DARIEN 2.4 NW CoCoRaHS 11.43 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 11.09 CT STRATFORD 0.9 W CoCoRaHS 11.04 CT WESTPORT 2.5 ENE CoCoRaHS 11.01 CT NORWALK 2.9 NNW CoCoRaHS 10.98 CT NORWALK 1.4 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.75 CT DARIEN 1.8 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.71 NY ALBERTSON 0.2 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.68 CT STAMFORD 4.2 S CoCoRaHS 10.62 CT DURHAM 2.2 SSW CoCoRaHS 10.58 NY QUEENS 3.7 N CoCoRaHS 10.54 CT NEW CANAAN 1.9 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.48 NJ LINDEN 2.2 NW CoCoRaHS 10.32 CT WEST HAVEN 0.8 W CoCoRaHS 10.29 CT REDDING 1.4 E CoCoRaHS 10.25 CT MIDDLEFIELD 0.6 SE CoCoRaHS 10.24 NY LOCUST VALLEY 0.3 E CoCoRaHS 10.13 2020 Monthly Data for July 2020 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NJ NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP WBAN 11.22 NJ HARRISON COOP 10.27 2018 Monthly Data for September 2018 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation CT MADISON CENTER 4.1 N CoCoRaHS 16.12 CT KILLINGWORTH 2.6 ESE CoCoRaHS 14.36 CT MADISON CENTER 1.6 W CoCoRaHS 13.80 NY PORT JEFFERSON STATION 0.3 SSW CoCoRaHS 13.01 CT UNCASVILLE-OXOBOXO VALLEY 1.6 ENE CoCoRaHS 12.17 CT NORWICH PUBLIC UTILITY PLANT COOP 12.07 NY CENTERPORT COOP 12.02 CT HIGGANUM 0.7 N CoCoRaHS 11.59 CT OAKDALE 2.6 WNW CoCoRaHS 11.59 CT NORWALK 2.9 NNW CoCoRaHS 11.57 CT OLD LYME 3.4 ESE CoCoRaHS 11.01 CT WEST HAVEN 0.8 W CoCoRaHS 10.97 CT ANSONIA 1 NE COOP 10.65 CT NEW CANAAN 1.9 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.58 CT NORWICH 2.5 NNE CoCoRaHS 10.56 CT STAMFORD 3.3 NW CoCoRaHS 10.35 CT MOUNT CARMEL COOP 10.34 CT EAST LYME 0.5 SW CoCoRaHS 10.30 CT SHELTON 2.7 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.22 NY MOUNT SINAI COOP 10.08 CT IVORYTON 0.9 WSW CoCoRaHS 10.05 NJ PALISADES PARK 0.2 WNW CoCoRaHS 10.04 CT DARIEN 1.8 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.04 CT EAST HAVEN 3.5 SSW CoCoRaHS 10.01 Monthly Data for August 2018 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NJ CEDAR GROVE TWP 0.4 W CoCoRaHS 14.57 NJ WEST MILFORD TWP 5.7 N CoCoRaHS 12.79 NJ WEST CALDWELL TWP 1.3 NE CoCoRaHS 12.27 NJ CALDWELL ESSEX COUNTY AP WBAN 12.23 NJ LITTLE FALLS TWP 0.5 WNW CoCoRaHS 11.15 NJ RIVER VALE TWP 1.5 S CoCoRaHS 10.95 CT MONROE 0.1 SE CoCoRaHS 10.82 NY MOLLOY CERCOM COOP 10.70 NJ WAYNE TWP 0.8 SSW CoCoRaHS 10.68 NY UPTON COOP - NWSFO NEW YORK COOP 10.49 NY ARMONK 0.3 SE CoCoRaHS 10.48 NJ HAWTHORNE 0.4 S CoCoRaHS 10.36 NJ GLEN ROCK 0.7 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.31 NY YORKTOWN HEIGHTS 0.6 SW CoCoRaHS 10.29 CT MONROE 0.8 W CoCoRaHS 10.18 2014 Monthly Data for August 2014 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY ISLIP-LI MACARTHUR AP WBAN 14.07 NY ISLIP 0.2 NW CoCoRaHS 13.83 2013 Monthly Data for June 2013 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY CARMEL 4N COOP 12.25 CT ANSONIA 1 NE COOP 12.21 CT PORTLAND 0.9 S CoCoRaHS 12.21 CT NEW HAVEN 1.7 NW CoCoRaHS 11.31 CT PROSPECT 1.9 ENE CoCoRaHS 11.15 NY SOUTH SALEM 2.1 NW CoCoRaHS 11.00 CT MOUNT CARMEL COOP 10.76 NY MIDDLE VILLAGE 0.5 SW CoCoRaHS 10.64 CT MILFORD 1.8 E CoCoRaHS 10.41 CT SEYMOUR 3.6 SW CoCoRaHS 10.34 NY BAITING HOLLOW COOP 10.24 CT DANBURY COOP 10.14 CT STAMFORD 5 N COOP 10.12 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 10.10 NJ OAKLAND 0.9 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.10 NY YORKTOWN HEIGHTS 1W COOP 10.08 2011 Monthly Data for September 2011 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY WARWICK 3.2 WNW CoCoRaHS 14.95 NY MIDDLETOWN 2 NW COOP 14.62 NY MONTGOMERY ORANGE COUNTY AP WBAN 14.05 NY WALDEN 1 ESE COOP 12.64 NJ WEST MILFORD TWP 3.2 NE CoCoRaHS 11.42 NY WESTCHESTER CO AP WBAN 11.38 CT PUTNAM LAKE COOP 11.35 NJ WEST MILFORD TWP 2.5 SSE CoCoRaHS 11.32 CT DANBURY COOP 10.78 CT DANBURY MUNICIPAL AP WBAN 10.54 NY PORT JERVIS COOP 10.51 NY NEW ROCHELLE 1.3 S CoCoRaHS 10.05 Monthly Data for August 2011 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY FLORAL PARK 0.4 W CoCoRaHS 24.34 NY MONROE 1.7 SE CoCoRaHS 20.60 NJ WEST MILFORD TWP 3.2 NE CoCoRaHS 19.95 NJ PLAINFIELD COOP 19.76 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 18.95 NJ CRANFORD COOP 18.93 NJ WESTFIELD 1.0 NE CoCoRaHS 18.85 NJ NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP WBAN 18.79 NJ HARRISON COOP 18.58 NJ WOODCLIFF LAKE COOP 18.25 NJ LITTLE FALLS TWP 0.5 WNW CoCoRaHS 17.91 NY STATEN ISLAND 1.4 SE CoCoRaHS 17.85 NJ NEW PROVIDENCE 0.8 ESE CoCoRaHS 17.73 NJ PALISADES PARK 0.2 WNW CoCoRaHS 17.70 NY WEST POINT COOP 17.64 NJ NEW MILFORD COOP 17.58 NY LAGUARDIA AIRPORT WBAN 17.32 NY JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT WBAN 17.24 NJ TETERBORO AIRPORT WBAN 17.10 NJ RINGWOOD COOP 17.07 NJ TENAFLY 1.3 W CoCoRaHS 16.90 NJ RIVER VALE TWP 1.5 S CoCoRaHS 16.79 NJ SADDLE BROOK TWP 0.6 E CoCoRaHS 16.75 NY BEACON 4.2 ESE CoCoRaHS 16.68 NY BRONX COOP 16.42 NJ WEST MILFORD TWP 2.5 SSE CoCoRaHS 16.34 NJ CALDWELL ESSEX COUNTY AP WBAN 16.17 NY MINEOLA COOP 16.01 NJ RINGWOOD 3.0 SSE CoCoRaHS 15.98 NY WANTAGH CEDAR CREEK COOP 15.91 NJ SADDLE BROOK TWP 0.3 NNE CoCoRaHS 15.82 NJ HAWTHORNE 0.4 S CoCoRaHS 15.67 NY WARWICK 3.2 WNW CoCoRaHS 15.65 NY YORKTOWN HEIGHTS 1W COOP 15.59 NJ HAWTHORNE 1.0 SSE CoCoRaHS 15.43 NY WALDEN 1 ESE COOP 15.36 NY COLD SPRING 8.1 NE CoCoRaHS 15.03 NJ WANAQUE 0.6 S CoCoRaHS 14.93 NJ KEARNY 1.7 NW CoCoRaHS 14.87 NJ OAKLAND 0.2 WNW CoCoRaHS 14.83 CT BROOKFIELD 3.3 SSE CoCoRaHS 14.70 NJ PATERSON 2.0 W CoCoRaHS 14.67 NJ DEMAREST 0.6 NNW CoCoRaHS 14.50 NJ OAKLAND 0.9 SSE CoCoRaHS 14.46 NJ GLEN ROCK 0.7 SSE CoCoRaHS 14.31 NY NEW ROCHELLE 1.3 S CoCoRaHS 14.26 NY YORKTOWN HEIGHTS 0.6 SW CoCoRaHS 14.20 NY WESTCHESTER CO AP WBAN 13.97 NY PORT JERVIS COOP 13.79 CT PUTNAM LAKE COOP 13.68 NY MOUNT SINAI COOP 13.64 NY MONTGOMERY ORANGE COUNTY AP WBAN 13.52 CT DANBURY MUNICIPAL AP WBAN 13.41 NJ WAYNE TWP 0.8 SSW CoCoRaHS 12.91 NY SETAUKET STRONG COOP 12.87 NY CENTERPORT COOP 12.54 NY SOUTH SALEM 2.1 NW CoCoRaHS 12.52 CT PORTLAND 0.9 S CoCoRaHS 12.29 CT DARIEN 3.6 N CoCoRaHS 12.16 NY CARMEL HAMLET 5.8 N CoCoRaHS 12.14 NY LEVITTOWN 0.2 E CoCoRaHS 12.12 NJ MIDLAND PARK COOP 12.10 CT MERIDEN MARKHAM MUNICIPAL AP WBAN 12.09 CT NORWICH PUBLIC UTILITY PLANT COOP 12.05 NJ WANAQUE RAYMOND DAM COOP 11.70 CT MILFORD 2.9 ESE CoCoRaHS 11.60 NY ISLIP-LI MACARTHUR AP WBAN 11.58 NY FARMINGDALE REPUBLIC AP WBAN 11.37 CT STEVENSON DAM COOP 11.00 NY BAITING HOLLOW COOP 10.72 NY RIVERHEAD RESEARCH FARM COOP 10.61 NY NORTHPORT 1.6 NNE CoCoRaHS 10.48 CT NEW HAVEN TWEED AP WBAN 10.04 NY EAST MORICHES 0.6 WNW CoCoRaHS 10.01

Numerous stations in the OKX forecast zones went over 10 inches of rain for both July and August. Started a new thread to document all these extreme 10” rainfall months since 2003. Monthly Data for August 2021 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY BROOKLYN 3.1 NW CoCoRaHS 11.85 NJ RINGWOOD 3.0 SSE CoCoRaHS 11.38 NJ WEST MILFORD TWP 2.5 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.90 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 10.32 NJ HARRISON COOP 10.24 Monthly Data for July 2021 for Upton NY NWS CWA Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. State Name Station Type Total Precipitation NY PORT WASHINGTON 0.8 N CoCoRaHS 14.76 CT NORTHFORD 0.8 SW CoCoRaHS 12.54 CT DARIEN 3.6 N CoCoRaHS 12.06 CT DARIEN 2.4 NW CoCoRaHS 11.43 NY NY CITY CENTRAL PARK WBAN 11.09 CT STRATFORD 0.9 W CoCoRaHS 11.04 CT WESTPORT 2.5 ENE CoCoRaHS 11.01 CT NORWALK 2.9 NNW CoCoRaHS 10.98 CT NORWALK 1.4 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.75 CT DARIEN 1.8 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.71 NY ALBERTSON 0.2 SSE CoCoRaHS 10.68 CT STAMFORD 4.2 S CoCoRaHS 10.62 CT DURHAM 2.2 SSW CoCoRaHS 10.58 NY QUEENS 3.7 N CoCoRaHS 10.54 CT NEW CANAAN 1.9 ENE CoCoRaHS 10.48 NJ LINDEN 2.2 NW CoCoRaHS 10.32 CT WEST HAVEN 0.8 W CoCoRaHS 10.29 CT REDDING 1.4 E CoCoRaHS 10.25 CT MIDDLEFIELD 0.6 SE CoCoRaHS 10.24 NY LOCUST VALLEY 0.3 E CoCoRaHS 10.13

I can still remember the long traffic jams crossing SI on the way to Great Adventure.

It all depends on how you define extreme heat. Newark set a June all-time maximum temperature of 103°. LGA had the 2nd highest June maximum temperature at 100°. ISP recorded the 2nd highest number of 90° days for August. Time Series Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ - Month of Jun Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Highest Max Temperature Missing Count 1 2021 103 0 2 2011 102 0 - 1994 102 0 - 1993 102 0 - 1952 102 0 - 1943 102 0 3 1988 101 0 - 1966 101 0 4 1959 100 0 - 1953 100 0 - 1934 100 0 Time Series Summary for LAGUARDIA AIRPORT, NY - Month of Jun Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Highest Max Temperature Missing Count 1 2017 101 0 - 1952 101 0 2 2021 100 0 - 2008 100 0 Time Series Summary for ISLIP-LI MACARTHUR AP, NY - Month of Aug Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Number of Days Max Temperature >= 90 Missing Count 1 1980 8 0 2 2021 7 4 - 2016 7 0 - 2005 7 0

Just be happy that you guys have never had to deal with the traffic lights in Long Beach. https://patch.com/new-york/longbeach/nassau-has-some-new-yorks-worst-intersections-report NASSAU COUNTY, NY — A report released last month by an analytics firm found that Nassau County is home to some of the worse traffic intersections in the state. Long Island drivers routinely lose thousands of hours every day stuck at these lights, the report found. The report was a study conducted by INRIX, a Washington state-based company that studies traffic and transit patterns. The company released the U.S. Signals Scorecard, which it says is the first nationwide analysis of individual traffic lights and intersections. The company analyzed GPS data from cars from Oct. 4 through 10, 2020 to complete the report. It used anonymous GPS data from cars and smart phones to find how many cars stopped at the more than 210,000 intersections it profiled, and how long the cars remained there. INRIX studied 18,560 signals in New York — the second-most in the country. It found that Nassau County ranked fourth in the number of traffic signals in the state, after Kings, Queens and New York counties. The study found that the second-worst intersection in the state is located in Long Beach, where Long Beach Boulevard meets East Park Avenue. In total, drivers at the intersection lose, on average, 1,046 hours per day waiting at the light. The intersection also had more stops than any other in the state, with more than 69,000. For comparison, the worst intersection is Atlantic Avenue and Fourth Avenue in Brooklyn, where the average time lost is 1,086 hours. In fact, Nassau County has five of the top 10 worst intersections in the state — more than any other county. Here at the 10 worst intersections in the state, according to INRIX. Atlantic Avenue and Fourth Avenue, Kings County: 1,086 daily hours lost. Long Beach Boulevard and East Park Avenue, Nassau County: 1,046 daily hours lost. Pennsylvania Avenue and Atlantic Avenue, Kings County: 979 daily hours lost. Tillary Street and Flatbush Avenue, Kings County: 938 daily hours lost. North Hempstead Turnpike and Glen Cove Road, Nassau County: 926 daily hours lost. Major Deegan Expressway and E 128th Street, Bronx County: 821 daily hours lost. Thomson Avenue and Van Dam Street, Queens County: 789 daily hours lost. Searingtown Road and Northern Boulevard, Nassau County: 756 daily hours lost. West Sunrise Highway and South Central Avenue, Nassau County: 750 daily hours lost. North Wantagh Avenue and Hempstead Turnpike, Nassau County: 748 daily hours lost.

5th consecutive year with pronounced mid to late August extent loss slowdown before picking up the pace ahead of the September minimum.

Last year Newark had its last 90° in August. But that was the exception rather than the rule since 2010. Most years we have had 90° days after September 1st. First/Last Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ Each section contains date and year of occurrence, value on that date. Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Year First Value Last Value Difference Minimum 04-07 (2010) 08-08 (2011) 69 Mean 05-22 09-10 110 Maximum 06-17 (2014) 10-02 (2019) 170 2020 06-06 (2020) 91 08-27 (2020) 93 81 2019 05-26 (2019) 90 10-02 (2019) 96 128 2018 05-02 (2018) 90 09-06 (2018) 98 126 2017 05-17 (2017) 92 09-25 (2017) 90 130 2016 05-25 (2016) 91 09-23 (2016) 90 120 2015 05-25 (2015) 90 09-09 (2015) 91 106 2014 06-17 (2014) 91 09-06 (2014) 95 80 2013 05-30 (2013) 93 09-11 (2013) 96 103 2012 05-28 (2012) 91 09-07 (2012) 90 101 2011 05-30 (2011) 92 08-08 (2011) 93 69 2010 04-07 (2010) 92 09-25 (2010) 90 170

Monday may be the best chance for Newark to reach 40 days of 90° temperatures before the cooldown. Time Series Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ - Jan through Dec Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Number of Days Max Temperature >= 90 Missing Count 2010 54 0 1993 49 0 1988 43 0 2002 41 0 - 1991 41 0 2016 40 0 - 1983 40 0 - 1959 40 0 2021 39 126 - 1994 39 0 - 1944 39 0

Updated for 3.39 at Bayport, NY Station Number: NY-SF-125 Station Name: Bayport 1.0 SSE Observation Date 8/28/2021 7:00 AM Submitted 8/28/2021 6:29 AM Total Precip Amount 3.39 in.

Currently the 2nd wettest summer in NYC. 3rd wettest and 4th warmest at Newark. So extremes of warm and wet in our more subtropical climate. Time Series Summary for NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY - Jun through Aug Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Total Precipitation Missing Count 1 2011 25.23 0 2 2021 24.03 4 3 1975 22.40 0 4 1989 22.36 0 5 2009 21.38 0 6 2006 20.79 0 7 2007 20.62 0 8 1928 20.50 0 9 1903 20.43 0 10 1927 20.01 0 Time Series Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Mean Avg Temperature Missing Count 1 1993 79.2 0 2 2010 78.7 0 3 1994 78.5 0 4 2021 78.4 4 5 2011 78.0 0 6 2005 77.8 0 7 1988 77.7 0 8 2020 77.6 0 - 2016 77.6 0 - 1973 77.6 0 9 1999 77.1 0 10 1995 77.0 0 Time Series Summary for NEWARK LIBERTY INTL AP, NJ - Jun through Aug Click column heading to sort ascending, click again to sort descending. Rank Year Total Precipitation Missing Count 1 2011 23.57 0 2 2003 21.30 0 3 2021 20.46 4 4 2007 19.27 0 5 1971 19.09 0 6 1975 18.78 0 7 2019 18.76 0 8 2009 18.70 0 9 1942 17.71 0 10 1989 17.67 0

Suffolk is the latest location this summer to require water rescues from cars. 3.39” so far in Bayport. Station Number: NY-SF-125 Station Name: Bayport 1.0 SSE Observation Date 8/28/2021 7:00 AM Submitted 8/28/2021 6:29 AM Total Precip Amount 3.39 in.

The only real way is to keep the AC going. Many schools don’t have AC so they are prime spots for mold growth. Better to prevent mold than have to deal with cleaning it up.

Yeah, JFK had over 40 days with 75°+ dew points for the first time in 2018. The record high dew points persisted into September. That’s why there was so much mold damage at the local schools and colleges. https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/morris/2018/09/11/mold-contamination-could-keep-some-nj-schools-closed-weeks/1269827002/ https://newyork.cbslocal.com/2018/10/17/how-to-get-rid-of-mold/