SACRUS

SEP 29: Records: Highs: EWR: 89 (1945) NYC: 88 (1945) LGA: 86 (1945) JFK: 82 (1948) Lows: EWR: 40 (1942) NYC: 42 (1942) LGA: 43 (1942) JFK: 44 (2000) Historical: 1896: This was one of the worst if not the worst Hurricanes to hit the Richmond area. This was just before the weather Bureau was set up in Richmond and there was no warning of the storm's approach. The hurricane was traveling at a high rate of speed probably 60 miles per hour and didn't last long when it hit the Richmond area because of its speed. But the wind damage was very significant and rainfall in the Richmond area was not particularly heavy because of the shortness of the storm. But with the Ford speed being so rapid it added to the wind velocities which were released hurricane force in many areas. (Ref. Hurricanes of the Middle Atlantic States by Rick Schwartz pps100-104) A major hurricane struck Cedar Key, FL, inundating the keys with a 10 foot storm surge. Headlines read, "Cedar Key Crushed," and "Town Almost Wiped Out." Famous for its cedar trees, the Keys featured several major pencil manufacturers that were wiped out by the storm. Moving rapidly to the north-northeast then north, the cyclone passed west of the Washington, DC area bringing wing gusts in excess of 60 mph. This former hurricane passing to the east of Washington, DC giving 62 MPH winds (fastest mile) and 51 mph sustained wind for five minutes and the barometer fell to 29.14 inches of mercury at 2250 in Washington, DC. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1914: Boston, Massachusetts has the coldest temperature of 34 °F for the month of September. (Ref. NOAA Boston Weather Events) 1915: A severe category 4 hurricane struck southeastern Louisiana and produced winds to 140 mph in Terrebone Parish. The pressure dropped to 952 millibars or 28.11 inches of mercury. 90% of the buildings were destroyed in the parish. 275 people were killed and $13 million dollars in damage was done. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1924: Norfolk saw winds reach 76 mph sustained from a cyclone that became nontropical over the Southeast U.S.. In Fauquier county, four inches of rain fell at Leads Manor on the 29th. In Richmond county, 4.60" of rain fell at Warsaw on the 30th. Richmond, VA recorded 2.19 inches of rain on the 29th and 2.85 inches on the 30th for a total of 5.04 inches. Leeds Manor (4.00"), Stuart (4.20"), Urbanna (3.80"), and Winchester (2.05") all set 24-hour rainfall records for September during this tempest. East Coast Rain Storm 1925: The world record for a 3 minute rainfall total was set in Haughton Grove, Jamaica where 1.75 inches of rain fell. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1927 - An outbreak of tornadoes from Oklahoma to Indiana caused 81 deaths and 25 million dollars damage. A tornado (possibly two tornadoes) cut an eight-mile long path across Saint Louis MO, to Granite City IL, killing 79 persons. The damage path at times was a mile and a quarter in width. The storm followed a similar path to tornadoes which struck in 1871, 1896, and 1959. (The Weather Channel) 1938: A tornado hit Charleston, SC at 8 AM and did $2 million in damage. A total of five tornadoes hit the city between 6:45am and 9 AM, killing 32 people. One of the tornadoes passed from James Island, over the Ashley River, to just west of the Fort Sumter Hotel, causing extensive damage on Market & Broad Streets. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1959 - A storm produced 28 inches of snow at Colorado Springs, CO. (David Ludlum) 1959:Hurricane Gracie made landfall near Beaufort, SC with a central pressure around 950 millibars or 28.05 inches of mercury. Beaufort recorded sustained winds of 97 mph with a peak gust to 138 mph. 10 people were killed in South Carolina and Georgia. As a weakening Gracie moved through the Mid Atlantic area on the 30th, she spawned an F3 tornado at Ivy, VA which killed 11 people. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1983 - Heavy rains began in central and eastern Arizona which culminated in the worst flood in the history of the state. Eight to ten inch rains across the area caused severe flooding in southeastern Arizona which resulted in thirteen deaths and 178 million dollars damage. President Reagan declared eight counties of Arizona to be disaster areas. (The Weather Channel) 1985: Denver, CO had a morning low of 17°, which set a record low temperature for the month of September. The afternoon high of 29° set the all-time record low maximum for the month. Grand Island, NE received 2 inches of snow their earliest snow on record. Other record lows included: West Yellowstone, MT: 3°, Wisdom, MT: 3°, Livingston, MT: 10°, Butte, MT: 10°, Red Lodge, MT: 11°, Dillon, MT: 11°, Boulder, MT: 11°, Valentine, MT: 14°, Cheyenne, WY: 14 °F. (Ref. Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1986 - A week of violent weather began in Oklahoma which culminated in one of the worst flooding events in the history of the state. On the first day of the week early morning thunderstorms caused more than a million dollars damage in south Oklahoma City. Thunderstorms produced 4 to 7 inches of rain from Hobart to Ponca City, and another round of thunderstorms that evening produced 7 to 10 inches of rain in north central and northeastern sections of Oklahoma. (Storm Data) 1987 - A slow moving cold front produced rain from the Great Lakes Region to the Central Gulf Coast Region. A late afternoon thunderstorm produced wind gusts to 62 mph at Buffalo NY. Warm weather continued in the western U.S. In Oregon, the afternoon high of 96 degrees at Medford was a record for the date. (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - High pressure brought freezing temperatures to parts of Vermont and New York State. Burlington VT dipped to 30 degrees, and Binghamton NY reported a record low of 34 degrees. The high pressure system also brought cold weather to the Central Rocky Mountain Region. Alamosa CO reported a record low of 18 degrees, and Gunnison CO was the cold spot in the nation with a morning low of just five degrees above zero. (National Weather Summary) 1989 - Seven cities reported record high temperatures for the date, as readings soared into the 80s and low 90s in the Northern Plateau and Northern Plains Region. Record highs included 91 degrees at Boise ID, and 92 degrees at Sheridan WY. The high of 100 degrees at Tucson AZ marked their 51st record high of the year, and their 92nd day of 100 degree weather. (National Weather Summary) 1991: Snow began in Caribou, ME during the evening ending early the next morning with 2.5 inches accumulating. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) Sep 30: Records: Highs: EWR: 89 (1986) NYC: 89 (1986) LGA: 88 (1988) JFK: 84 (1986) Lows: EWR: 38 (1942) NYC: 39 (1912) LGA: 43 (1947) JFK: 43 (1991) Historical: 1875: What weather observers “observe” has changed with time. Among the remarks noted by the Lynchburg, VA observer, was today’s migration of hundreds of squirrels across the James River. (Ref. Weather Guide Calendar with Phenomenal Weather Events 2011 Accord Pub. 2010, USA) 1892: Central Park in New York City, NY concluded its wettest month ever with 16.85 inches of rain. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1896 - A hurricane formed on September 22 and lasted until September 30. It formed directly over the Lesser Antilles and hit Cuba, Florida, Georgia, South and North Carolina, Virginia, Washington D.C., and Pennsylvania. Its maximum sustained winds were at 130 mph. The heaviest rainfall deposited in association with the storm was 19.96 inches at Glennville, Georgia. This hurricane was responsible for an estimated 130 deaths and $1.5 million in damage (1896 dollars). 1896: A hurricane moving through the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. The system then tracked inland through the Southeast to the west of Washington, DC. Richmond suffered severely from the cyclone. Communication was gone early on during the storm the only line that remained open belonged to Western Union, the wire than ran to Wilmington, NC. The steeple of the Second Baptist church yielded to the storm, falling across main street. The Governor's Mansion survived the cyclone reasonably well. Damage totaled $150,000 at the state capital. In Petersburg the Imperial Hotel was unroofed. Smaller buildings experienced great damage. Fredericksburg saw its St. George's church steeple injured by the cyclone. In Alexandria the Third Baptist Colored church was razed to the ground ($5000). Over forty windmills were wrecked at Falls Church. Manassas saw its Evangelical Lutheran church blown six inches off its foundation. It was one of the worst storms on record in the District of Columbia as five-minute sustained winds peaked at 66 mph and gusts reached 80 mph; the pressures fell to 29.14" around 11 p.m.. At 10:30 p.m., the steeple to the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church crashed to the ground. A five story brick building was demolished, injuring the adjoining buildings, trapping five men under debris. Many buildings were unroofed. Capitol Hill saw even greater damage. Georgetown experienced its worst storm ever. A few panes of glass at the White House were shattered as well. Winds began to subside by 12:55 a.m.. In all, a $390,000 in damage was incurred. A flash flood at Staunton, along Lewis Creek, overran its banks, killing five. Seven inches of rain on the 30th swelled a large lake near the town, bursting its dam at 10 p.m.. Alarms were sounded as torrents of water rushed down Central Avenue, submerging everything in its path. Twenty-five houses were moved from their foundations before crumbling in the angry waters ($500,000). On the 1st, the and Chesapeake & Ohio Canal merged into one as flood waters increased their height and breadth. (Ref. for 1896 Fall Storm) 1924: Norfolk saw winds reach 76 mph sustained from a cyclone that became nontropical over the Southeast U.S.. In Fauquier county, four inches of rain fell at Leads Manor on the 29th. In Richmond county, 4.60" of rain fell at Warsaw on the 30th. Richmond, VA recorded 2.19 inches of rain on the 29th and 2.85 inches on the 30th for a total of 5.04 inches. Leeds Manor (4.00"), Stuart (4.20"), Urbanna (3.80"), and Winchester (2.05") all set 24-hour rainfall records for September during this tempest. East Coast Rain Storm 1932: Southern California: Tropical cyclone rainfall of 4.38 inches at Tehachapi in 7 hours causes flash floods on Auga Caliente and Tehachapi Creeks resulting in 15 deaths. (Ref. WxDoctor) 1934: DCA had the wettest September on record 17.45 inches at 24th and M street in Washington, DC. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1943: A tropical storm that formed southwest of Bermuda moved to the northwest and into the Delmarva Peninsula overnight October 1 then dissipated in extreme northeastern Maryland as a depression. Atlantic City, NJ measured a gust to 78 mph and Cape Henry, VA gusted to 72 mph. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1959 - Three tornadoes spawned by the remnants of Hurricane Gracie killed 12 persons at Ivy VA. (The Weather Channel) 1961: An early season snowfall occurred over the Northern Plains with the greatest total of 4 inches falling in the New Ulm- Mankato area in Minnesota. Austin, MN had their earliest measurable snowfall with half an inch. Omaha, NE had its first September snow in 70 years. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1970: A nineteen-month drought in southern California came to a climax. The drought, that made brush and buildings tinder dry, set up the worst fire conditions in California history as hot Santa Anna winds sent the temperature soaring to 105 degrees at Los Angeles, and to 97 degrees at San Diego. During that last week of September whole communities of interior San Diego County were consumed by fire. Half a million acres were burned, and the fires caused fifty million dollars damage. (David Ludlum) 1970 - A nineteen month drought in southern California came to a climax. The drought, which made brush and buildings tinder dry, set up the worst fire conditions in California history as hot Santa Anna winds sent the temperature soaring to 105 degrees at Los Angeles, and to 97 degrees at San Diego. During that last week of September whole communities of interior San Diego County were consumed by fire. Half a million acres were burned, and the fires caused fifty million dollars damage. (David Ludlum) 1977 - The temperature at Wichita Falls, TX, soared to 108 degrees to establish a record for September. (The Weather Channel) 1979: This was the eighth day of 29 consecutive days when no measurable rain fell at Chicago, IL. The only measurable rain for the month came on the 1st with 0.01 inches. This was their driest September on record. Rockford, IL only received 0.05 inches of rain; their driest month ever. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1985: An early season snowstorm covered much of the Arrowhead Region of Minnesota with 7 to 9 inches of snow. Some snow depths reported for the event, which ended the next day, were 7 inches at Babbitt and Aurora, 7.5 inches at Isabella, and 8.5 inches at Poplar Lake. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1986 - Thunderstorms, which had inundated northern sections of Oklahoma with heavy rain, temporarily shifted southward producing 4 to 8 inches rains from Shawnee to Stilwell. Baseball size hail and 80 mph winds ripped through parts of southeast Oklahoma City, and thunderstorm winds caused more than half a million dollars damage at Shawnee. (Storm Data) 1987 - Afternoon thunderstorms in Michigan produced hail an inch in diameter at Pinckney, and wind gusts to 68 mph at Wyandotte. A thunderstorm in northern Indiana produced wet snow at South Bend. Seven cities in the northwestern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date, including readings of 98 degrees at Medford OR and 101 degrees at downtown Sacramento CA. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Unseasonably warm weather prevailed over Florida, and in the western U.S. The afternoon high of 94 degrees at Fort Myers FL was their tenth record high for the month. Highs of 98 degrees at Medford OR and 99 degrees at Fresno CA were records for the date, and the temperature at Borrego Springs CA soared to 108 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Thirteen cities reported record high temperatures for the date, as readings soared into the upper 80s and 90s from the Northern and Central High Plains Region to Minnesota. Bismarck ND reported a record high of 95 degrees, and the temperature reached 97 degrees at Broadus MT. Afternoon thunderstorms developing along a cold front produced wind gusts to 60 mph at Wendover UT. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1992: The past month was the coldest September ever recorded in interior Alaska. Fairbanks averaged a frigid 31.7° which was 13.2° below normal and the first below freezing September ever. Beginning on the 9th and on every day for the rest of the month, a new record low was set for either low minimums or low maximums, or both. On this date, the city plunged to 3° to set a new all-time record low for September. Snowfall for the month totaled 24.4 inches which was more than three times the previous record for September. 2001: Phoenix, AZ had an average temperature for the month of 92.2°, the city's hottest September day on record. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2003: Grand Rapids, Michigan: With a trace of snow hitting the ground, Grand Rapids records its earliest occurrence of measurable snowfall, beating the old mark by a week. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2004: Driven mostly by outbreaks from Hurricanes Frances and Ivan, 279 tornadoes were recorded for the month, by far the most tornadoes ever to occur in September in the U.S. West Palm Beach, FL had its wettest month on record with 29.40 inches of rain. Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne contributed most to the total. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2006: A rare F1 tornado struck North Berwick, ME, causing damage to roofs, windows. Damaged totaled $125,000. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) The first phase of the deluge focused on the Southeast, starting on September 26 (4.20 inches Macon, Georgia). September 27th Wilmington, North Carolina had 10.33 inches of rain. As the remains of Nicole tracked toward North Carolina on September 30, tropical downpours spread into the Northeast, On September 30, Baltimore, Maryland, reported its second wettest day on record, with 6.02 inches of rain. Two-day totals on October 1 reached 7.58 inches in Wilmington, Delaware, and exceeded five inches northward into western Massachusetts. Event totals exceeded 16 inches in eastern North Carolina, and over a foot of rain fell northward into the Chesapeake Bay region. Although widespread flooding occurred, drought conditions preceding the deluge mitigated the impacts. Today Portsmouth, Virginia storm spotter ID vpor002 measured 9.10 inches an all-time station daily rainfall record. [database to 1976] (Ref. Weatherwise U.S. Weather Highlights of 2010 page 9)

58 / 57 partly cloudy. Mid / upper 70s in the warmest spots and then clouds in the way of wisedpread 80s tomorrow, with Friday the warmest day mid, perhaps upper 80s. Lets see if we can remain dry this weekend as the latest forecasts go. 9/30 - 10/3 : Above - much above normal 10/4 - 10/9 : Overall near normal split warmer/cooler 10/10 - beyond : Ridging east - overall warmer

Records: High: EWR: 87 (2014) NYC: 88 (1881) LGA: 84 (2014) JFK: 82 (1948) Lows: EWR: 38 (1947) NYC: 41 (1947) LGA: 42 (1947) JFK: 44 (1989) Historical: 1836 - The first of three early season snows brought four inches of snow to Hamilton, NY, and two inches to Ashby MA. (David Ludlum) 1837: The first recorded storm to rake the entire Texas coast was Racer’s Storm, named for a British sloop of war which encountered the system in the extreme northwestern Caribbean on September 28th. It is remembered as one of the most destructive storms of the nineteenth century due to its extreme duration and 2000 mile path of destruction. 1874 - A strong category 1 hurricane went by Charleston and Georgetown, South Carolina. The tide was unprecedented height, inundating the entire riverfront of the city of Charleston. 1893 - Albuquerque, NM, was soaked with 2.25 inches of rain, enough to establish a 24 hour record for that city. (The Weather Channel) 1917 - A hurricane hit Pensacola, FL. Winds gusted to 95 mph, and the barometric pressure dipped to 28.50 inches. Winds at Mobile AL gusted to 75 mph. (The Weather Channel) 1929 - A hurricane-spawned tornado hit Fort Lauderdale, Florida. While the path length of this estimated F2 tornado was 0.8 miles, it caused 16 injuries. 1947: Boston, Massachusetts recorded its highest September pressure of 30.66 inches of mercury. (Ref. NOAA Boston Weather Events) 1974: Belleville Ill.--Lightning killed a man who was playing football in a park. Orlando, Fla.--A 20-year-old Naval Training Center student was killed while jogging. (Ref. Lightning-The Underrated Killer.pdf) 1984: Coolest September day ever recorded in Washington, DC. The maximum was 51 °F and the minimum was 47°F. (Ref. Washington Weather Records) Richmond, Virginia had a high temperature for the day of 52 °F making it the coolest September day on record (records since 1897). (Ref. Richmond Weather Records) 1986: Flash flooding swept a car off the Kamehameha Highway on Oahu, Hawaii, and into a swollen stream. The driver held onto some branches until help arrived, but the current did strip him of his clothes and watch! (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1987 - Thunderstorms produced up to ten inches of rain in southern Kansas and north central Oklahoma overnight. The Chikaskia River rose 2.5 feet above flood stage at Blackwell OK during the day causing flooding in Kay and Grant counties of north central Oklahoma. Early morning thunderstorms in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas produced 3.07 inches of rain in six hours at McAllen. Thunderstorms produced up to six inches of rain in southeastern Texas later in the day. (National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Thunderstorms developing ahead of a cold front in the central U.S. produced severe weather from northern Texas to the Lower Missouri Valley during the late afternoon and evening hours. Hail three inches in diameter was reported at Nolan TX, and wind gusts to 80 mph were reported at Lawrence KS. Thunderstorms drenched downtown Kansas City MO with up to four inches of rain, leaving some cars stranded in water six feet deep. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Thunderstorms over northeastern Florida drenched Jacksonville with 4.28 inches of rain between midnight and 6 AM EDT. Unseasonably cool weather prevailed in the northeastern U.S. Five cities reported record low temperatures for the date, including Binghamton NY with a reading of 30 degrees. Morning lows were in the 20s in northern New England. Unseasonably mild weather prevailed in the northwestern U.S., with afternoon highs in the upper 70s and 80s. In Oregon, Astoria reported a record high of 83 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1998: On the morning of September 28th, Hurricane George made landfall near Biloxi, Mississippi with maximum winds of 110 mph and a minimum pressure of 964 mb, making it a Category 2 hurricane. After landfall, Georges moved very slowly across southern Mississippi and weakened to a tropical depression by the morning of the 29th when the center was about 30 miles north-northeast of Mobile, Alabama. The storm dissipated near the northeast Florida/southeast Georgia coast by the morning of October 1, 1998.

Made it to 67 today, despite lingering clouds hope to get to the low 70s tomorrow and then Wed - Fri 80s.

LP Center moving into and through Belmar

Records: Highs: EWR: 91 (1998) NYC: 90 (1933) LGA: 90 (1988) JFK: 89 (1998) Lows: EWR: 35 (1947) NYC: 41 (1957) LGA: 43 (1947) JFK: 46 (2000) Historical: 1816 - A black frost over most of New England kills unripened corn in the north resulting in a year of famine. (David Ludlum) 1822: Using various documents and meteorological observations determined a hurricane moved ashore on this day in South Carolina. One account from Bull Island, South Carolina records the eye passing directly over that location. 1822: Mail south of Richmond was unable to be delivered for three days, as the storm rendered roads impassable. At Monticello, near Charlottesville, Thomas Jefferson's granddaughter noted that a violent storm broke branches and felled one of their willows. At Lynchburg, winds uprooted trees and toppled chimneys. Along the Staunton River, rains began on the 27th and continued until 9 a.m. the next day. The river rose to "the greatest height ever known." (Chapman) (Ref. for Charleston Hurricane) 1906: The second September storm of 1906 was one of great violence. On the 27th the hurricane reached the central Gulf Coast with destructive winds and unprecedented tides. At Pensacola, FL, the tide was 10 feet above normal. At Mobile, AL property damage was severe. An estimated 134 lives were lost from Pensacola, FL to Mississippi from this storm. 1936: Denver, Colorado: Early season snowstorm buries Denver. Storm total of 21.3 inches falls at airport in 60 hours. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1942: Snowflakes flew across parts of Lower Michigan as temperatures fall to the lower 30s and only rose into the 40s during the day. Fort Wayne, IN reported a trace of snow on this date and two days prior. These dates remain the only two September snowfalls on record at that location. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1955: The U.S. Weather Bureau's station on Swan Island in the western Caribbean was destroyed as Hurricane Janet passed very close to the island. Winds gusts were estimated to have reached 200 mph. Janet made landfall at Chetumal, Mexico early on the 28th where winds were sustained at 175 mph and the pressure dropped to 914 millibars or 27.00 inches of mercury. Over 500 people were killed and damage exceeded $40 million. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1958: Hurricane Helene passed just off the North Carolina coast. Wilmington had sustained winds of 88 mph with a peak gust of 135 mph, a record and recorded 8.29 inches of rain. Cape Fear was battered by sustained winds of 125 mph with gusts to 155 mph. This was a near miss however as the eye remained about 20 miles offshore and thus the tides were not excessive. Total damage was $11 million dollars. (Ref. Daily News Record Newspaper - Harrisonburg, Virginia) (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1959 - A tornado 440 yards in width traveled twenty miles from near Hollow, OK, to western Cherokee County KS. Although a strong tornado, it was very slow moving, and gave a tremendous warning roar, and as a result no one was killed. (The Weather Channel) 1970 - Afternoon highs of 103 degrees at Long Beach, CA, and 105 degrees at the Los Angeles Civic Center were the hottest since September records were established in 1963. Fierce Santa Ana winds accompanying the extreme heat resulted in destructive fires. (The Weather Channel) 1985 - A record early season snowstorm struck the Central High Plains Region. The storm left up to nineteen inches of snow along the Colorado Front Range, and as much as a foot of snow in the High Plains Region. (Storm Data) 1985 - Hurricane Gloria swept over the Outer Banks then rushed across Long Island, New England, and Canada. It was the first significant hurricane to hit New England in twenty-five years and brought heavy rains and high winds to the Mid-Atlantic states as well. 1984: Tropical Storm Isidore made landfall near West Palm Beach during the morning hours. From there it moved slowly to near Orlando in the evening, then recurved to the northeast and crossed over Jacksonville and out to sea the next day. The highest wind gust was 73 mph near St. Augustine. Rainfall of 5 to 7 inches in north Florida caused local flooding. Heavy snow fell across parts of the Plains and Colorado Foothills. Snowfall totals ranged from 2 to 5 inches across the Plains with up to a foot in the higher elevations in the Foothills. The main problem caused by the storm was thousands of power outages caused by snapped tree limbs falling on power lines. Some cars were damaged by falling trees and limbs. The snow also caused flight delays at Denver where just over 5 inches of snow fell. The high temperature the next day in Denver only managed to make it to 34°, a record low maximum for the date and equaled the all-time September record up to that time. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1985: Hurricane Gloria today makes landfall on western Long Island, New York with sustained winds of 85 mph. (gusts to 115 mph.), moving at 35 mph., Pressure 28.37 inches or 961 mb. and a storm surge of 4- 7 feet above Mean Tide. Hurricane Gloria was one of the most intensely reported events of the 1980's. Gloria hit New York and Connecticut as a moderate hurricane in September 1985. Although Gloria was not a major hurricane when it struck Connecticut, it was significantly more damaging to Connecticut than Hurricane Belle (1976) and Hurricane Donna (1960). Gloria at one time had a central pressure of 919 mb (27.13 in.), and sustained winds of 150 mph. - making Gloria almost a category five hurricane. At this time, Gloria was one of the largest and most intense cyclones to ever threaten the middle and north Atlantic states in several generations. Gloria brushed the North Carolina Outer Banks near midnight on September 27, with sustained winds of 105-mph and a central pressure of 27.83 inches (942 mb). The Diamond Shoals light-tower sixteen -miles off the North Carolina coast, recorded sustained winds of 98-mph with gusts to 120-mph. Gloria continued to accelerate northward off the eastern US coast brushing the coast of Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, and New Jersey with hurricane-force gusts. Gloria finally crossed the coast of the United States mainland near western Long island, New York about 10-miles east of Kennedy International Airport. Passing over central Long Island, Gloria crossed the Connecticut coast near Bridgeport about 40-minutes later with sustained winds of 80-mph. 1987 - While those at the base of Mount Washington, NH, enjoyed sunny skies and temperatures in the 70s, the top of the mountain was blanketed with 4.7 inches of snow, along with wind gusts to 99 mph, and a temperature of 13 degrees. Severe thunderstorms developed along a cold front in the south central U.S. A thunderstorm west of Noodle TX produced golf ball size hail and wind gusts to 70 mph. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Thunderstorms developing ahead of a cold front produced large hail in southeastern Wyoming during the afternoon, with tennis ball size hail reported at Cheyenne. Strong winds ushering the cold air into the north central U.S. gusted to 59 mph at Lander WY. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Freezing temperatures were reported in the Great Lakes Region and the Ohio Valley. Houghton Lake MI reported a record low of 21 degrees. Thunderstorms in the western U.S. produced wind gusts to 50 mph at Salt Lake City UT, and gusts to 58 mph at Cody WY.(The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)

60 / 58 still light - moderate rain winds 10-15 and gusts to 23 MOH here 3.06 in the bucket as a whole and will likely end with 4 more inches of rain. Slow dry out and clearing by Tuesday PM and then a 58 hour warmup Wed - Fri with some warm spots into the 80s Wed-Thu-Fri and a nice period to dry out from this mess. Overall near normal 10/4 - beyond back and forth themed - hope we can dry out a bit.

Records: Highs: EWR: 90 (2007) NYC: 91 (1970) LGA: 90 (2007) JFK: 87 (1970) Lows: EWR: 40 (1940) NYC: 42 (1940) LGA: 44 (1947) JFK: 47 (1949) Historical: 1936 - Denver, CO, was buried under 21.3 inches of snow, 19.4 inches of which fell in 24 hours. The heavy wet snow snapped trees and wires causing seven million dollars damage. (26th-27th) (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1936: The heaviest snowfall ever recorded in September and the heaviest snowfall ever recorded so early in the season dumped a total of 16.5 inches of snow on downtown Denver and 21.3 inches at Denver Municipal Airport. The 15.0 inches of snow measured from 6:00 PM on the 27th to 6:00 PM on the 28th is the greatest 24-hour snowfall ever recorded in September. This was the first snow of the season. The snow was intermittent on the 26th, but continuous from early afternoon on the 27th to around midnight on the 28th, except for a period of rain during the afternoon of the 28th. 1936: A forest fire burned several miles east of the town of Brandon, Oregon. The fire was far enough away that residents were not particularly worried. A sudden shift in the winds drove the flames westward and through town. The fire, caused by summer drought and fueled by the abundant Gorse Weed found in many of the empty spaces between buildings in Bandon, caused so much destruction that only a handful of structures were left standing when the fire finally died down. 1936 - A forest fire burned several miles east of the town of Bandon, Oregon. The fire was far enough away that residents were not particularly worried. A sudden shift in the winds drove the flames westward and through town. The fire, caused by summer drought and fueled by the abundant Gorse Weed found in many of the empty spaces between buildings in Bandon, caused so much destruction that only a handful of structures were left standing when the fire finally died down. 1942: A severe freeze was experienced across the upper Plains and Midwest from the 26th to the 28th. The temperature at Parshall, ND dropped to a record low of 4° on this date. Winona, MN dropped to 25°, their coldest September temperature. Also on this date, snow fell across parts of Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin. Locations recording their earliest measurable snowfall included: Caledonia, MN: 5 inches, Fayette, IA: 1 inch and La Crosse, WI: 0.2 of an inch. Snow fell in early morning, mostly melting as it fell. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1950 - Residents of the northeastern U.S. observed a blue sun and a blue moon, caused by forest fires in British Columbia. (David Ludlum) 1953: The center of Hurricane Florence hit the northwest Florida coast between Valparaiso and Panama City near midday with wind maximum sustained winds near 80 mph with gusts to 90 mph and heavy rainfall. The Pensacola Weather Bureau Office reported winds of up to 75 mph early the next morning. The storm passed inland over a sparsely settled area of Florida and this probably accounts for the rather small amount of damage. In Franklin and Okaloosa Counties the Red Cross estimated that 273 homes were destroyed, 145 other buildings damaged, and three destroyed. A fishing trawler, the "Miss Tampa" was reported missing in the storm's wake. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1955: On this date, the Atlantic reconnaissance aircraft, ”Snowcloud Five” went down while investigating Hurricane Janet and was never heard from again. Lt. Comdr. Windham with a crew of 8 and two newspapermen reported that they were about to begin penetrating the central core of the hurricane. The hurricane made landfall at peak intensity near Chetumal, Mexico on September 29th. Janet's landfall as a Category 5 hurricane on the Yucatán Peninsula was the first recorded instance that a storm of such intensity in the Atlantic made landfall on a continental mainland; prior to Janet, landfalls of Category 5 intensity were only known to have taken place on islands. 1963 - San Diego, CA, reached an all-time record high of 111 degrees. Los Angeles hit 1S09 degrees. (David Ludlum) 1970 - Santa Ana winds brought fires to Los Angeles County, and to points south and east. Half a million acres were consumed by the fires, as were 1000 structures. Twenty firemen were injured. (25th-29th) (The Weather Channel) 1971: Project Stormfury was an attempt to weaken tropical cyclones by flying aircraft into them and seeding with silver iodide. The project was run by the United States Government from 1962 to 1983. Hurricane Ginger in 1971 was the last hurricane Project Stormfury seeded. 1979 - In the midst of a hot September for Death Valley, California, the afternoon high was 104 degrees for the second of three days, the coolest afternoon highs for the month. (The Weather Channel) 1985: Hurricane Gloria weakened briefly while moving from northeast of the Bahamas to just off the southern North Carolina coast by days end. Gloria peaked the previous day with maximum sustained winds of 145 mph and a minimum central pressure of 920 millibars or 27.17 inches of mercury. Gloria weakened during this date to 90 mph at 06z and 12z before regaining strength intensifying to 100 mph by days end. Washington, DC area was lucky as hurricane Gloria stays well east of Washington, DC. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1987 - Freezing temperatures were reported in the Northern and Central Appalachians, and the Upper Ohio Valley. The morning low of 27 degrees at Concord NH tied their record for the date. Temperatures soared into the 90s in South Dakota. Pierre SD reported an afternoon high of 98 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Unseasonably warm weather prevailed across Florida. Afternoon highs of 92 degrees at Apalachicola and 95 degrees at Fort Myers were records for the date. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Rain spread from the southeastern states across New England overnight. Cape Hatteras NC reported measurable rainfall for the fourteenth straight day, with 15.51 inches of rain recorded during that two week period. Phoenix AZ reported a record high of 108 degrees, and a record 134 days of 100 degree weather for the year. Afternoon temperatures were only in the 40s over parts of northwest Wisconsin and Upper Michigan. (The National Weather Summary) 1998: Record warm weather across the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley fueled a severe weather outbreak as a cold front arrived during the late afternoon. A severe thunderstorm produced softball-sized hail in Clare County which smashed skylights, dented automobiles, and damaged roofs and antennas. Damage was estimated at up to half a million dollars. Record highs for the date included: Toledo, OH: 92°, Columbus, OH: 92°, Detroit, MI: 91°, Cleveland, OH: 91°, South Bend, IN: 91°-Tied, Flint, MI: 90°, Chicago, IL: 90°, Grand Rapids, MI: 89°, Lansing, MI: 89°, Jackson, KY: 87° and Mansfield, OH: 87°-Tied. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1998: There were four hurricanes were spinning simultaneously in the Atlantic basin: Georges, Ivan, Jeanne, and Karl. That was the first time this had happened since 1893. 2004 - After making its infamous loop east of the Bahamas, Hurricane Jeanne made landfall the night of September 26th, 2004. Jeanne came ashore as a major category 3 hurricane just a few miles away from where Hurricane Frances made landfall a few weeks before. Jeanne produced extensive damage along the east central Florida coast from Volusia County south to Martin County. The highest wind gusts occurred over extreme Southern Brevard County as well as Indian River County with 110 - 120 mph estimates at the peak of the storm. (NWS, Melbourne, FL)

57 / 54 in the storm 0.63 in the bucket and still some steady rain. 36 more hours of this mess with a total of 2 - 4 inches. Clearing out Tuesday pm and war start to the october with upper 70s and low 80s in the warmest spots Wed - Fri and warmer through 10/5 overall. Beyond there near normal overall back and forth.

Wall of rain offshore

Spinning wheel

Some pokes of sun here , mostly sunny just west / north

Coastal deluge on the ne coast otherwise most rain is west and / nations middle

Records: Highs: EWR: 91 (1970) NYC: 90 (1970) LGA: 90 (2010) JFK: 87 (2010) Lows: EWR: 39 (1950) NYC: 40 (1887) LGA: 42 (1950) JFK: 45 (1989) Historical: 1848 - The Great Gale of 1848 was the most severe hurricane to affect Tampa Bay, Florida and is one of two major hurricanes to make landfall in the area. This storm produced the highest storm tide ever experienced in Tampa Bay when the water rose 15 feet in six to eight hours. 1848: The Tampa, FL area was hit by a major hurricane. The pressure plunged to 28.18 inches of mercury and the storm surge reached 15 feet. The army post in the area was wiped out. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1926: The coldest temperature ever recorded in Scottsbluff, NE for the month of September occurred on this with a low of 14°, while Chadron, NE recorded their lowest September temperature with 15°. Western Yellowstone, MT recorded -9 °F which was then the lowest temperature reading in the 48 states for September. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1929: Willmar, MN experiences a deluge that dropped 5.22 inches of rain in 24 hours. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1939 - A west coast hurricane moved onshore south of Los Angeles bringing unprecedented rains along the southern coast of California. Nearly five and a half inches of rain drenched Los Angeles during a 24 hour period. The hurricane caused two million dollars damage, mostly to structures along the coast and to crops, and claimed 45 lives at sea. ""El Cordonazo"" produced 5.66 inches of rain at Los Angeles and 11.6 inches of rain at Mount Wilson, both records for the month of September. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1942: The earliest first trace of snow in Chicago occurred on this date in 1942 and 1928. First snow of the season Average; October 30 Earliest; September 25 (1928 and 1942) Latest; December 5, 1999 First measurable snow (.1 inches or more) of the season Average; November 16 Earliest; October 12, 2006 Latest; December 16, 1965 Snow Trivia for Chicago - NWS 1953: The center of Hurricane Florence hit the northwest Florida coast between Valparaiso and Panama City near midday with wind maximum sustained winds near 80 mph with gusts to 90 mph and heavy rainfall. The Pensacola Weather Bureau Office reported winds of up to 75 mph early the next morning. The storm passed inland over a sparsely settled area of Florida and this probably accounts for the rather small amount of damage. In Franklin and Okaloosa Counties the Red Cross estimated that 273 homes were destroyed, 145 other buildings damaged, and three destroyed. A fishing trawler, the "Miss Tampa" was reported missing in the storm's wake. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1962: The remnants of Tropical Storm Claudia of 1962 dumped up to 7 inches of rain in the desert west of Tucson, AZ, causing severe flooding. By the year 2010 there had already been six storms by the name of Claudia. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1975: On September 25 and 26 Elloise gave Hayfield secondary School 5.58 inches rain that closed Fairfax County schools September 26th 1975. The remnants of Hurricane Eloise combined with a cold front and produced very heavy rainfall in the Mid-Atlantic. Washington, DC reported 9.08" of rainfall. Total damage for Virginia was estimated to be $17.2 million. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1976: Up to 3 inches of rain fell on Tucson, Arizona. About a dozen cars, some occupied, were swept down the washes, resulting in one death. Two boys were carried down the Rillito River for a mile before they could reach ground after their car was swept away. Talk about lucky! (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1984: Sheridan, WY recorded their coldest September temperature on record when they fell to 6°. 21 inches of snow fell at Sheridan between the 23rd and the 27th. This made it their snowiest September on record. Other record lows included: Cheyenne, WY: 17°, Casper, WY: 20° and Rapid City, SD: 24°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1987 - Hurricane Emily crossed the island of Bermuda during the early morning. Emily, moving northeast at 45 mph, produced wind gusts to 115 mph at Kindley Field. The thirty-five million dollars damage inflicted by Emily made it the worst hurricane to strike Bermuda since 1948. Parts of Michigan and Wisconsin experienced their first freeze of the autumn. Snow and sleet were reported in the Sheffield and Sutton areas of northeastern Vermont at midday. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Low pressure off the Northern Pacific Coast brought rain and gale force winds to the coast of Washington State. Fair weather prevailed across most of the rest of the nation. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Twenty-three cities in the south central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Topeka KS with a reading of 33 degrees, and Binghamton NY with a low of 25 degrees. Showers and thunderstorms in the southeastern U.S. drenched Atlanta GA with 4.87 inches of rain, their sixth highest total of record for any given day. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1993: In both human and economic terms the Great Flood of 1993 was the most devastating in modern U.S. history. It was a catastrophe across portions of 9 states with losses estimated up to $20 billion dollars. Over 50,000 homes were damaged or destroyed forcing the evacuation of some 54,000 people. In all the floods took 50 lives. Water level records were set at 49 places on the Missouri River system and at 43 places on the upper Mississippi River system. The flood was notable for its duration as well as its size. Flooding began in March with record floods beginning in May and continued into September. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1994: Hail to 1 inch diameter was pounding Hebron, NE. A man ventured out into the storm to release a dog tied to a tree. Lightning killed the man and injured a woman at the scene. The dog was unhurt. (Ref. Weather Guide Calendar with Phenomenal Weather Events 2011 Accord Pub. 2010, USA) 1996: An early season snowstorm brought the season’s first snow to the Front Range eastern foothills in northern Colorado. Heavy snowfall totals included: 8 to 12 inches near Conifer, 7 inches at Floyd Hill, 6 inches at Bailey & Chief Hosa and 4.7 inches at Denver. Heavy rain fell in the Blackwell area of north-central Oklahoma beginning the previous day through this date, causing many roads to be closed. National Weather Service radar estimated that more than three inches of rain fell in less than 90 minutes in central Kay County, late in the evening. The two day rainfall in Blackwell totaled 9 inches. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1998: By the 5 PM ET advisory, 4 hurricanes were spinning simultaneously in the Atlantic basin: Georges, Ivan, Jeanne, and Karl. That was the first time this had happened since 1893. After moving along the north coast of Cuba the previous day, Georges crossed the Florida Keys, heading into the Gulf of Mexico. The storm had re-intensified with winds of 105 mph when it made landfall near Key West, FL midday. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1998 - Four hurricanes were spinning simultaneously in the Atlantic basin: Georges, Ivan, Jeanne, and Karl. That was the first time this had happened since 1893. 2004: Jeanne after performing a complete loop over the open Atlantic, it headed westwards, strengthening into a Category 3 hurricane. Jeanne passed over the islands of Great Abaco and Grand Bahama in the Bahamas on September 25. Jeanne made landfall later in the day of the 25th in Florida just 2 miles (3 kilometers) from where Frances had struck 3 weeks earlier. Building on the rainfall of Frances and Ivan, Jeanne brought near-record flood levels as far north as West Virginia and New Jersey before its remnants turned east into the open Atlantic. Jeanne is blamed for at least 3,006 deaths in Haiti with about 2,800 in Gonaïves alone, which was nearly washed away by floods and mudslides. The storm also caused 7 deaths in Puerto Rico, 18 in the Dominican Republic and at least 4 in Florida, bringing the total number of deaths to at least 3,025. Final property damage in the United States was $6.8 billion, making this the 13th costliest hurricane in U.S. history. Hurricane Jeanne's Track - Weather Underground (Ref. More on Hurricane Jeanne)