SACRUS

Lucked out with the hung up boundary/front this week where its been glued to the VA/NC area and bounced a bit north the last two days into the DE-MAR_VA area which pushed clouds into our area yesterday afternoon. Clouds still into SNJ and PA

Records: Highs: EWR: 100 (2025) one of only 2 days in Jul with record highs not 100 or higher prior to last year NYC: 97 (1999) LGA: 99 (2025) JFK: 93 (2010/2025) Lows: EWR: 57 (1932) NYC: 57 (1953) LGA: 59 (1997) JFK: 59 (1997) Historical: 1609: The Jamestown expedition nearly came to an untimely end as the fleet of ships encountered a tropical storm while sailing northwest through the Bahamas. One of the nine ships sunk and the rest of the fleet scattered as far north as Bermuda. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1891 - The mercury hit 109 degrees at Los Angeles, CA, marking the peak of a torrid heat wave. (David Ludlum) 1936: Lincoln, Nebraska saw an all-time high temperature of 115 degrees. The low only dropped to 91 degrees and the average temperature was 103. Many people spent the night sleeping outside to escape the heat. 1952: The State of Alabama was in the midst of a critical heat wave and drought. During an 8-day stretch, the "coolest" high temperature in Birmingham was 99°. The heat peaked on this date in Birmingham at 106°. This was just one degree short of the highest temperature ever recorded at Birmingham on 7/29/1930. During that heat wave and drought, some wells in Alabama went dry for the very first time. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1956 - The Andrea Doria sank in dense fog near Nantucket Lightship, MA. The ship was rammed by the Swedish-American liner, Stockholm, forty-five miles off the coast of Massachusetts. Fifty-two persons drowned, or were killed by the impact. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1959: The depression meandered westward while steadily intensifying, becoming a Tropical Storm Debra on July 24. A turn towards the northwest became evident as it attained Category 1 hurricane status on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale on the following day. Strength was maintained as the hurricane curved northward at a slow forward speed, and it approached the coast of Texas as a minimal hurricane. Debra made landfall between Freeport and Galveston, Texas early on July 25. Debra rapidly weakened into a tropical storm and later a depression as it moved inland, and it dissipated on July 28. The remnant moisture later sparked upper-level thunderstorms in late July and early August.[2] Torrential rains were produced in southeastern Texas, peaking at 15.89 inches in Orange. This led to widespread flooding on highways, including portions of Farm Road 518, Highway 6, Highway 146, and U.S. Route 75. Sea vessels took the brunt of the storm, with many becoming stranded or damaged. Air, rail, and road transportation were significantly interrupted or even shut down. High winds from the storm caused expansive damage to buildings, windows, signs, and roofs. The hurricane resulted in 11 injuries but no human deaths, although approximately 90 cattle drowned. Damage in Brazoria, Galveston, and Harris counties surmounted $6.685 million. Additionally, impact in other areas increased the total losses to $7 million. (Ref. Wikipedia) (Ref. Daily News Record Newspaper - Harrisonburg, Virginia) 1972: Killing heat from 13th to 25th resulted in 185 deaths in Baltimore and 85 in the rest of MD. This heat wave in New York and Northeastern United States was significant as almost 900 people perished; the heat conditions lasted almost 16 days. (1972 Heat Wave - Wikipedia.org) 1974: Brownsville, Minn.--Lightning killed a 17-year-old youth as he slept in a tent. A companion was injured. Western Texas--Lightning struck and fatally injured a woman during a thunderstorm. (Ref. Lightning-The Underrated Killer.pdf) 1979: Flooding continues from Tropical Storm Claudette produced phenomenal rainfall totals in southeast Texas. 43 inches fell in 24 hours around Alvin; setting a U.S. record. Freeport reported a total of 30 inches. Total damage from flooding was over $400 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1984: The hardest hit area was the state capital of Pierre of SD. Winds gusting to 83 mph demolished 13 planes and several hangers at the Pierre airport. The thunderstorm also produced very heavy rains as 4 inches of rain fell in 30 minutes flooding streets across town. Winds in excess of 70 mph caused crop and property damage in many areas across central South Dakota. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1986 - Tremendous hailstones pounded parts of South Dakota damaging crops, buildings and vehicles. Hail piled two feet deep at Black Hawk and northern Rapid City. Hail an inch and a quarter in diameter fell for 85 minutes near Miller and Huron, piling up to depths of two feet. (The Weather Channel) 1987 - Sixteen cities in the eastern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date. Beckley, WV, equalled their all-time record high of 91 degrees, established just the previous day. It marked their fourth day in a row of 90 degree heat, after hitting 90 degrees just twice in the previous 25 years of records. The water temperature of Lake Erie at Buffalo, NY, reached 79 degrees, the warmest reading in 52 years of records. (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Thunderstorms produced severe weather from central Kansas to western Kentucky and southern Illinois during the day. Thunderstorms produced tennis ball size hail at Union, MO, and winds gusts to 65 mph at Sedalia, MO. Five cities in Washington and Oregon reported record high temperatures for the date. Medford, OR, hit 107 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Early afternoon thunderstorms over west central Missouri drenched the town of Ferguson with four inches of rain. Early evening thunderstorms in Pennsylvania produced more than two inches of rain north of Avella in one hour. (The National Weather Summary) 1990: Intense, slow-moving thunderstorms, dumped up to 11 inches of rain in just 6 hours at Lawton, OK. The flash flooding closed many roads, and 50 to 60 motorists had to be rescued when they became stranded in the high water. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1992: Grapefruit sized hail knocked windshields out of several cars about 9.5 miles northeast of Scott City, KS.(Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1993: Lightning prevalent in north and eastern GA - 12 homes hit in Cobb County (2 destroyed). A police officer in Augusta survived a strike while working a traffic accident. On the 26th, 10 people at the Atlanta Zoo were injured by lightning while sheltering under a gazebo. (Weather Guide Calendar with Phenomenal Weather Events 2011 Accord Pub. 2010, USA) 1997: Campbell County, VA a lightning strike injured a man at Timberlake. (Ref. Lightning - Virginia Weather History) 1998: Kansas City was especially hard hit by heavy rain with the suburb of Independence reporting 6.5 inches of rain, most of it falling in a matter of a few hours. Thunderstorms produced 2 to 3 inches of rain over parts of Banner and Cheyenne counties of the Nebraska panhandle, with local amounts around 4.5 inches. This produced flash flooding which closed some county roads, and put 6 to 18 inches of water on some streets in Sidney, NE. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2000: An F4 tornado at Granite Falls, MN caused one fatality and $20 million dollars in damage. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2005: The citizens of Sand Point, Alaska saw a rare tornado touchdown on two uninhabited islands. Sand Point is part of the Aleutian Chain and is located about 570 miles southwest of Anchorage. 2006: It was the hottest day during the current heat wave in central California. Some record highs included: Delano: 116°, Three Rivers: 116°, Wasco: 114°, China Lake Naval Air Station: 113°, Fresno: 113°, Bakersfield: 112 °F.(Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2010: The 105 °F recorded at the Richmond International Airport on the 24th and 25th also ties the highest maximum temperature ever recorded in July in Richmond. The high of 105 °F and low of 79 °F on these two dates yields a daily average temp of 92.0 °F which breaks the all-time daily mean temp of 91.5. Thus making these two dates the hottest days ever recorded in the past 113 years for Richmond. (Ref. Richmond Weather Records - KRIC) This highest temperature ever recorded for July of 105 °F has occurred on two other dates. (Ref. Richmond Weather Records - KRIC) On the 25th, damaging straight line thunderstorm winds with widespread gusts 60-75 mph and isolated gusts to 90 mph across parts of Fairfax and Loudoun Counties in Virginia and Montgomery, northern Prince Georges, Ann Arundel and Charles counties in Maryland and in Washington, DC. The storm resulted in 3 deaths from wind and one from lightning, widespread damage from downed trees and power lines, and loss of power to more than 300,000 customers.

75 / 55 2 more days of great dry weather before we head into an unsettled stretch Mon - Wed/Thu with on /off showers rain / storms as trough cuts off into the northeast. Beyond there and in time for the weekend a dry stretch Fri - next weekend. Overall below normal the next 7 - 10 days beyond there warmer to potentially hotter period from 8/3.

Clouds from around 4pm today looking clear tomorrow, mainly sunny Sat and Sun.

Today's Highs: TEB: 84 New Brnswck: 83 PHL: 83 NYC: 83 EWR: 82 TTN: 82 LGA: 82 ACY: 81 ISP: 81 JFK: 80 BLM: 80

Records: Highs: EWR: 102 (2022) NYC: 97 (2010) LGA: 98 (2022) JFK: 97 (2010) Lows: EWR: 55 (1947) NYC: 56 (1893) LGA: 59 (1992) JFK: 58 (1997) Historical: 1886 - Rain fell at Lawrence, KS, for the first time in four weeks. Rain fell over much of the state of Kansas that day relieving a severe drought which began in May. The very dry weather ruined crops in Kansas. (David Ludlum) 1931: Searing heat prevailed in the San Joaquin Valley in California. Many locations saw highs of 110 °F or better from the 21st through the 26th. Highs on this date reached 114 °F at Bakersfield, 113 °F at Hanford, 112 °F at Madera and 111 °F Wasco. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1934: A terrible heat wave settled over much of the Midwest. South Bend, IN and Chicago, IL set their all-time high temperature records of 109 °F and 105 °F respectively. Lansing, MI equaled their all-time high temperature of 102°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1936 - A record all time Kansas state high temperature set just 6 days earlier was tied in the town of Alton, located in Osborne County. (US National Weather Service Wichita) 1936: The state maximum temperature record for Kansas was equaled today at Alton, Kansas which was 121 °F. The state maximum temperature record for Nebraska was also equaled today at Minden, Nebraska which was 118 °F. (Ref. Lowest and Highest Temperatures for the 50 States) 1942 - The temperature at Las Vegas, NV, hit 117 degrees to set an all-time record for that location. The record was tied on July 19, 2005. 1947 - One of the most powerful strokes of lightning ever measured yielded 345,000 amperes of electricity in Pittsburgh, PA. (The Weather Channel) 1952 - The temperature at Louisville, GA, soared to 112 degrees to establish a state record. (The Weather Channel) 1979: The name Claudette has been used for six tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean. This Claudette, a weak tropical storm, deluged southeastern Texas with torrential rains. The Houston suburb of Alvin received 43 inches, a 24-hour record for the U.S. (David Ludlum) 1984: Only four days of 90 °F heat for July in Washington, DC, the least since 1962 then only two. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1980 - Claudette, a weak tropical storm, deluged southeastern Texas with torrential rains. The Houston suburb of Alvin received 43 inches, a 24 hour record for the U.S. (David Ludlum) 1987 - Twenty-one cities in the eastern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date. The high of 91 degrees at Beckley, WV, was their hottest reading in 25 years of records, and marked their third straight day of record 90 degree heat. Bakersfield, CA, dipped to 60 degrees, marking their eighth straight morning of record cool weather. (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Afternoon and evening thunderstorms produced large hail and damaging winds in Oklahoma, and over Nebraska and Wisconsin. Thunderstorms produced wind gusts to 75 mph at Brainerd, NE. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Afternoon thunderstorms produced some flash flooding in New Mexico. Albuquerque, NM, was deluged with an inch and a half of rain in forty minutes. Evening thunderstorms soaked Whie Pine, PA, with two inches of rain in one hour. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1993: A severe thunderstorm struck southern Hyde County, SD including the city of Highmore, with winds in excess of 60 mph and heavy rains of 2 to 4 inches. Near Stephan, an estimated 4 inches of rain fell in 20 minutes causing flood damage around a bridge. 3 to 9 inches of rain caused widespread flash flooding and flood damage to Day, Roberts, and southeastern Marshall Counties. A state of emergency was declared in Sisseton. The heavy rains overwhelmed a small creek that flows through Sisseton, swelling it to three blocks wide and up to 5 feet deep. Flood damage occurred to 70% of all buildings in Sisseton, including 100 homes. Roads and bridge damage was also extensive in Roberts, Day, and Marshall Counties with about 50 roads and bridges in Day County damaged by the flooding.HR> The line of thunderstorms exploded over southeast Nebraska then advanced into Iowa at nearly 60 mph. An amazing two inches of rain fell in 30 minutes at Council Bluffs. Winds of 70 mph or greater were widespread across western Iowa. 75 mph winds also struck southeast of Treynor. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1995: Severe thunderstorms slashed through west and south Oklahoma City, OK just after midnight, leaving 175,000 people without power. Cleanup from downed trees took several weeks. Will Rogers Airport reported a wind gust of 97 mph. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1996: A wet microburst centered over eastern Presidio, TX caused extensive damage over portions of the city. The winds destroyed 7 mobile homes and damaged up to 50 homes, businesses, and a school. Wind estimates put the speeds at up to 100 mph in the worst damage. Power was out for about 5.5 hours in parts of the city. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1998: Lightning struck five rescue personnel as they rendered aid to occupants of an overturned truck along Interstate 15 near Sloan, NV. As the storm moved north, outflow winds estimated at 65 - 70 mph were observed by a NWS meteorologist near Lake Mead Drive and Interstate 15. Before dissipating, the thunderstorm produced another lightning strike which set fire to an apartment building in Henderson. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2007: Miles City, Montana: Miles City hits 110°F. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2008: A tornado fluctuated between the category EF1 and the more destructive EF2 strikes Northwood and Pittsfield, as well as nine other towns in New Hampshire. It first touches down in Deerfield, then travels through Northwood, Epsom, Pittsfield, Barnstead, and Alton. From there, it rages through New Durham, Wolfeboro, Freedom, Ossipee, and Effingham. The storm destroys several homes, damaged dozens of others and kills at least one person. 2010: The 105 °F recorded at the Richmond International Airport today ties the highest maximum temperature ever recorded in July in Richmond. The high of 105 °F and low of 79 °F today yields a daily average temp of 92.0 °F which breaks the all-time daily mean temp of 91.5. Thus making today the hottest day ever recorded in the past 113 years for Richmond. (Ref. Richmond Weather Records - KRIC) This highest temperature ever recorded for July of 105 °F has occurred on two other dates. (Ref. Richmond Weather Records - KRIC) DCA soared to a record 102 °F on the 7th and 101 °F on the 24th. BWI recorded record high temperatures on 4 days: 6th (105 °F), 7th (101 °F), 24th (101 °F) and 25th (100 °F) BWI had on 5 days above 100 °F making the most on record. At or above 90 °F on 44 days in 2010 at DCA, most number of days through July on record. Ref. July PRESTO Page 1 2012: Tuesday morning’s July 24, 2012 a severe thunderstorm with widespread 60-70mph winds in the Chicago area knocked out power to 300,000 at the peak. It was a bad storm with 55-70mph winds in Oak Park, IL again! From Tom Skilling’s blog - - - The line broke up over Blacksburg and Richmond and then reformed along the Eastern shore of Virginia !

75 / 57 day 2 of the 4 day gorgeous stretch low - mid 80s through Sunday - sunny. Trough brings next front Mon and it looks to linger around till Wed with on off rain / showers and storms and another >1 inche of rain for many. Beyond there a similar nice / dry stretch into later next week. Heat capped in the west and south. Heat from the west starts coming east as EC heights rise in the 8/3 - beyond with a moderation to an overall warmer with next heat spike.

Today's Highs PHL: 84 New Brnswck: 83 EWR: 82 TEB: 81 LGA: 81 ACY: 80 TTN: 80 BLM: 79 JFK: 79 ISP: 79 NYC: 79

El Niño Event First / Key Year NYC Aug Departure NYC Sept Departure EWR Aug Departure EWR Sept Departure 1951–52 1951 -1.6 -1.0 -2.3 -2.1 1953 1953 -0.3 +1.2 -1.7 -0.2 1957–58 1957 -2.5 +0.5 -3.5 +0.2 1963–64 1963 -4.0 -6.2 -2.5 -5.2 1965–66 1965 -2.9 -1.8 -1.9 -0.8 1968–69 1968 -0.1 +1.4 +0.4 +1.5 1969–70 1969 +1.3 -0.2 +0.9 -1.7 1972–73 1972 -0.5 +0.3 -0.5 +0.6 1976–77 1976 -1.8 -2.6 -2.0 -2.7 1977–78 1977 -0.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.2 1982–83 1982 -3.0 -0.9 -4.0 -2.5 1986–88 1986 -3.0 -1.4 -2.2 -0.6 1991–92 1991 +1.0 -1.8 +1.2 -1.2 1994–95 1994 -2.1 -1.6 -0.8 +0.5 1997–98 1997 -2.8 -2.2 -2.8 -2.3 2002–03 2002 +1.7 +1.0 +1.5 +1.2 2004–05 2004 -1.8 +0.1 -1.9 +0.3 2006–07 2006 -0.3 -2.6 +0.8 -2.5 2009–10 2009 -0.4 -2.9 +0.8 -2.3 2014–16 2014 -1.5 +0.5 -2.0 +0.5 2014–16 2015 +2.9 +5.2 +2.3 +4.2 2018–19 2018 +2.1 +1.5 +2.8 +2.1 2023–24 2023 -1.1 +0.2 +0.2 +2.0 2026–27 2026 TBD TBD TBD TBD

79 / 58 full sun

Records: Highs: EWR: 102 (2011) NYC: 100 (2011) LGA: 100 (1955) JFK: 102 (2011) Lows: EWR: 55 (1939) NYC: 58 (1890) LGA: 59 (1992) JFK: 59 (1992) Historical: 1788 - A weather diary kept by George Washington recorded that the center of a hurricane passed directly over his Mount Vernon home. The hurricane crossed eastern North Carolina and Virginia before moving into the Central Appalachians. Norfolk, VA, reported houses destroyed, trees uprooted, and crops leveled to the ground. (David Ludlum) 1788: Called the George Washington's Hurricane, this storm originated near Bermuda on the 19th before making landfall in Virginia. It passed directly over the Lower Chesapeake Bay and Mount Vernon, the home of George Washington. This track is very similar to the path of the Chesapeake-Potomac hurricane of 1933. At Norfolk, winds increased at 5 p.m. on the 23rd with the wind originating from the northeast. At 12:30 a.m., the wind suddenly shifted to the south and "blew a perfect hurricane, tearing down chimneys, fences"...some corn was also leveled. Also, large trees were uprooted, and houses were moved from their foundations. Port Royal and Hobb's Hole experienced a violent northeast gale which drove several vessels ashore. In Fredricksburg, vast quantities of corn, tobacco, and fruit were destroyed. Houses and trees fell in significant numbers across Northumberland, Lancaster, Richmond, and Westmoreland counties. Crops were destroyed, and many livestock perished in Lower Mathews County. Many plantations saw their houses leveled. Homes were flooded with water six feet deep, and several inhabitants drowned. Historical figures of the time logged the storm's antics. George Washington noted the sinking of the small ship Federalist and uprooted trees. Colonel James Madison, the father of the future president, experienced the passing of great winds and rains near Orange. In Alexandria, damage to wheat, tobacco, and corn was "beyond description." The information above is from the Weather Prediction Center and noted American historian David Ludlum. 1898 - A two hour thunderstorm deluged Atlanta, GA, with 4.32 inches of rain. More than a foot of water flooded Union Depot. Many street car motors burned out while trying to run through flooded streets. It grew so dark before the afternoon storm that gas lights were needed. (The Weather Channel) 1923 - Sheridan, WY, was drenched with 4.41 inches of rain, an all-time 24 hour record for that location. Associated flooding washed out 20 miles of railroad track. (22nd-23rd) (The Weather Channel) 1975: Severe thunderstorms affected parts of northern and central Illinois. In Peoria, winds gusting to 85 mph knocked over trees. Two tornadoes affected Fulton County. The first passed through mainly rural areas. The second tornado caused major damage in Canton, where 127 businesses and 100 homes were destroyed. 300 other homes and 100 trailers were damaged; total damages were around $20 million dollars. Two people were killed as the tornado moved through a mobile home park. Power lines were downed during the storm; some areas were without power until the 28th. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1979: Intense thunderstorms dumped copious amounts of rainfall over the western parts of Oklahoma. Rainfall amounts were quite impressive, including reports of up to 7 inches just north of Arapaho, in Custer County. Four inches of rain fell in just one hour east of Arapaho and two inches of rain fell in only 30 minutes in Clinton. Many creeks and rivers were quickly forced out of their banks by the heavy rainfall. Floods covered the Arapaho-Weatherford Road with as much as 4 feet of water. More than 5 inches of rain fell in the Taloga area of Dewey County, causing Highway 183 to be inundated by one to two feet of flood water. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1985: Tropical Storm Bob moved across south Florida from Ft. Myers to just north of Palm Beach. The storm then turned north and moved northeast of Florida. The storm did minor damage to roofs and downed some trees, mainly on Florida's west coast. Rainfall amounts ranged up to 13 inches at Naples. Several beaches suffered erosion from Port Charlotte to Marco Island. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1987 - Thunderstorms produced a record ten inches of rain in six and a half hours at Minneapolis, MN, including 5.26 inches in two hours. Flash flooding claimed two lives and caused 21.3 million dollars damage. Streets in Minneapolis became rushing rivers, parking lots became lakes, and storm sewers spouted like geysers. A tornado hit Maple Grove, MN, causing five million dollars damage. Baseball size hail was reported at Olivia, MN. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Thunderstorms produced severe weather in Lower Michigan and northern Ohio, over eastern sections of the Dakotas, and over the Central High Plains Region. Showers and thunderstorms soaked Wilmington, NC, with another two inches of rain, following six and a half inches the previous day. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Morning thunderstorms in the central U.S. drenched central Oklahoma with up to six inches of rain. Afternoon thunderstorms produced wind gusts to 85 mph at Fort Smith, AR. Evening thunderstorms over Florida spawned a tornado which touched down three times in south Fort Myers causing nearly three quarters of a million dollars damage. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1995: At Dodge City, KS thunderstorm winds to 100 mph caused extensive damage to fences. One filling station canopy was downed and it landed on two occupied vehicles but there were no injuries. One roof was taken off a house with debris scattered several hundred yards. A large storage shed was heavily damaged with two motor homes inside receiving extensive damage. Debris was carried one quarter of a mile. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1998: Thunderstorms produced a record ten inches of rain in six and a half hours at Minneapolis, MN, including 5.26 inches in two hours. Flash flooding claimed two lives and caused 21.3 million dollars damage. Streets in Minneapolis became rushing rivers, parking lots became lakes, and storm sewers spouted like geysers. A tornado hit Maple Grove, MN causing five million dollars damage. Baseball size hail was reported at Olivia, MN. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 2003: Boise, Idaho: With a reading of 107°F, a new record was set for the number of consecutive days with temperatures above 100°F. July 23 marks the 9th consecutive day. (Ref. WxDoctor) (Ref. Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 2006: This was the peak of an intense July heat wave that affected much of California and the NW United States thanks to an intense upper level heat ridge. Fresno, CA was the hottest since 7/27/1933. An all-time record high minimum was set with 90°. In Lemoore, 10,000 customers lost power for up to four hours. In all, 46 deaths were reported with 18 injuries. Eugene, OR tied their July record with 105°. Other daily record highs included: Phoenix, AZ: 114°, Redding, CA: 114°, Sacramento, CA: 111°, Lewiston, ID: 109°, Medford, OR: 107°, Spokane, WA: 102 °F. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008: Rhode Island: A waterspout forms at about 4 pm just off Rumstick Point near Barrington then moves onto land as a tornado in Warren before moving into the Ocean Grove section of Swansea, Massachusetts. The tornado's path is estimated as 4.2 miles long and 40 yards wide. No injuries are reported, but damage to trees, power lines and houses is reported.(Ref. WxDoctor) 2010: After a severe thunderstorm, a Vivian South Dakota resident, Les Scott, found a hailstone with a diameter of 8.0 inches and its weight was 1.9375 pounds (1 pound, 15 ounces) with a circumference of 18.62 inches. These measurements displace the previous hailstone record for weight, previously 1.67 pounds for a stone in Coffeyville, Kan., in 1970. They also surpass the record for the greatest diameter, which was 7 inches for a hailstone found in Aurora, Neb., in 2003. But the Aurora hailstone still holds the record for the greatest circumference of 18.75 inches. (Thus the Aurora hailstone was more spherical than the Vivian hailstone.)(Ref. NOAA News Release July 30, 2010 - Record Hailstone )(Ref. See a Picture of the World's Largest Hailstone)(Ref. Info. on the Storm Yielding Hailstone(Ref. See a video About the World's Largest Hailstone) 2011: Chicago set an all-time daily record rainfall when 6.86 inches fell during the early morning hours of Saturday, July 23, 2011, at O'Hare airport. The previous daily record was 6.64 inches set on September 13, 2008.

70 / 55 gorgeous stretch of weather the next 96 hours / 4 days including the whole weekend low - mid 80sand dry. Next shot at rain as the next trough moves through Mon - Tue, similar to this past Tue /Wed warm sw flow ahead of cool front could trigger more storms and the shot at more clearing/sun a sneaky 90 for places. Outside of that heat is south and west - western ridge persists the next week to 10 days, with some of that heat bleeding east towards the first week of next month. 7/23 - 7/26 : Dry / great stretch - below normal 7/27 - 7/28 : Next shot at rain/storms with trough / front - sneaky warmth if more clearing, similar to this tue-wed 7/29 - 7/31 : Next Dry / great stretch - below normal 8/1 - beyond : moderation from below - near normal - above normal with next heat chance in the timeframe after 8/3

Today's Highs sunny over performance: EWR: 90 ACY: 90 PHL: 90 New Brnswck: 89 LGA: 89 TEB: 88 JFK: 87 TTN: 87 BLM: 86 NYC: 85 ISP: 84

Today's Highs sunny over performance: EWR: 90 ACY: 90 PHL: 90 New Brnswck: 89 LGA: 89 TEB: 88 JFK: 87 TTN: 87 BLM: 86 NYC: 85 ISP: 84

Dewpoints dropping to the mid - low 60s 86/64

Records: Highs: EWR: 108 (2011) NYC: 104 (2011) LGA: 104 (2011) JFK: 103 (2011) Lows: EWR: 56 (1944) NYC: 58 (1890) LGA: 62 (1956) JFK: 59 (1966) Historical: 1918 - A single bolt of lightning struck 504 sheep dead in their tracks at the Wasatch National Forest in Utah. Sheep often herd together in storms, and as a result the shock from the lightning bolt was passed from one animal to another. (David Ludlum) 1926: State maximum temperature record was set today at Troy, New York which was 108 °F. Also the maximum temperature of 105 °F was recorded at Waterbury, Connecticut but their state record is now 106 °F in 1995. (Ref. Lowest and Highest Temperatures for the 50 States) 1959: Two one-hundredths of an inch of rain was recorded ending a streak of 150 days with no measurable precipitation at Las Vegas, NV. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1972: One person in Virginia was killed by lightning while playing softball. (Ref. Lightning - Virginia Weather History) 1986 - Hurricane Estelle passed 120 miles south of the Hawaiian Islands creating a ten to twenty foot surf. The large swells resulted from a combination of high tides, a full moon, and 50 mph winds. The hurricane also deluged Oahu Island with as much as 6.86 inches of rain on the 24th and 25th of the month. (Storm Data) 1987 - Barrow, AK, receives 1.38 inches in 24 hours on the 21st and 22nd, an all-time record for that location. The average annual precipitation for Barrow is just 4.75 inches. Thunderstorms in Montana produced 4 to 6 inches of rain in Glacier County causing extensive flooding along Divide Creek. Missoula, MT, received 1.71 inches of rain in 24 hours, a record for the month of July. (The National Weather Summary) (The Weather Channel) 1988 - Six cities in the south central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Pueblo, CO, with a reading of 48 degrees. Thunderstorms over the Atlantic Coast Region drenched Wilmington, NC, with 6.49 inches of rain in about eight hours. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Showers and thunderstorms prevailed across the southeastern third of the country. Afternoon thunderstorms in Florida produced wind gusts to 86 mph at Zephyrhills, and gusts to 92 mph at Carrollwood and Lutz. Thunderstorm winds gusting to 69 mph at Crystal Lake damaged nineteen mobile homes. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1992: Lightning hit on or near a concrete mixing truck near Walla Walla, WA; a man was knocked off the truck. 10 minutes later a 2nd strike knocked him away from the truck again. He was fortunate he was only slightly hurt. (Weather Guide Calendar with Phenomenal Weather Events 2011 Accord Pub. 2010, USA) 1993: The levee, holding back the flooding Mississippi River at Kaskaskia, Illinois, ruptures, forcing the town's people to flee on barges. The incident at Kaskaskia was the most dramatic event of the flood. At 9:48 a.m., the levee broke, leaving the people of Kaskaskia with no escape route other than two Army Corp of Engineers barges. By 2 p.m., the entire town was underwater. 1999: The Cedar River in Charles City, IA reached its all-time crest of an estimated 22.8 feet. Approximately 100 homes had flood damage in Charles City. Almost 12 inches of rain fell in a 48 hours period over these counties. Rainfall totals that day: New Hampton, IA: 7.10 inches (wettest day on record), Charles City, IA: 6.65 inches, West Union, IA: 4 inches. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2003: "The Mid-South Derecho of 2003" States affected....AR, TN, MS, AL, GA, SC (Ref. For More Information) 2006: Palm Springs, California: Mercury soars to 121 °F. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2006: Widespread damaging winds, estimated around 90 mph, raked most of Jefferson County in south central Illinois. The city of Mt. Vernon was especially hard hit, where about 14% of all homes received at least minor damage. In Mt. Vernon, damage assessments indicated 1,107 homes were affected by some type of damage. 491 homes received minor damage such as roofs blown off, 152 received major damage, and 18 were destroyed. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2011: A low of 82 degrees Fahrenheit on the 22nd at Norfolk tied for the second highest minimum temperature ever recorded there. Also the highest temperature for 2011 was 103 °F at Norfolk and 102°F at Richmond both on July, 22nd. (Ref.NWS, Wakefield, Virginia - A Near Record High Minimum Temperature for Norfork)

77 / 72 leftover showers and humidity as front fully passes through later today, Probably the warmest of the next 5 mid / uppper 80s. Gorgeous stretch Thu - Sun coming up , similar to Monday low - mid 80s. Next trough/front moves through Mon/Tue and then onto drier calmer. Overall below normal throught he end of the month with ridge and heat west , heat does beging pushing east in the 7/31 - 8/5 period and we'll see how much gets into the area and when the next shot at 90s will be.

Today's Highs: New Brnswck: 88 PHL: 88 BLM: 87 TTN: 86 EWR: 85 LGA: 83 ACY: 82 TEB: 82 JFK: 81 NYC: 81 ISP: 78

89 / 75 shot at a sneaky 90 ahead of the storms

85 /75 some sun and clouds. Loading up ahead of the storms or just staying mainly north - tbs

The next batch / round into PA

Records: Highs: EWR: 103 (2011) NYC: 104 (1977) LGA: 100 (2019) JFK: 99 (2019) Lows: EWR: 56 (1951) NYC: 55 (1890) LGA: 62 (1974) JFK: 58 (1965) Historical: 1911 - The temperature at Painter, WY, dipped to 10 degrees to equal the record low for July for the continental U.S. (The Weather Channel) 1930: The state record for Delaware was established that day with a reading of 110 °F at Millsboro, Delaware. (Ref. Lowest and Highest Temperatures for the 50 States) 1934 - The temperature reached 109 degrees at Cincinnati, OH, to cap their hottest summer of record. The state record for Ohio was established that day with a reading of 113 degrees near the town of Gallipolis. (David Ludlum) 1939: Richmond, Virginia had a high temperature for the day of 65 °F making it the coolest July day on record (records since 1897). (Ref. Richmond Weather Records) 1942: This is the only occurrence Miami, FL has ever seen 100°. (Extreme Weather p. 273, by Christopher C. Burt) 1947: Holt, MO records world record 12 inches of rain in only 42 minutes.(Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1975 - Six inches of rain fell across Mercer County, NJ, in just ten hours causing the worst flooding in twenty years. Assunpink Creek crested eleven feet above flood stage at Hamilton and Trenton, the highest level of record. Traffic was brought to a standstill, and railway service between New York City and Washington D.C. was cut off for two days. Flooding left 1000 persons homeless, and caused an estimated 25 million dollars damage. (David Ludlum) 1979: Parts of Lancaster County into the west central Chester County, Pennsylvania region was hit with torrential rain during the morning, with most of the rain falling in about 5 hours. In Chester County, Newlinville received 8.11 inches and Valley Township 7.56 inches. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1986: A tremendous heat wave continued across the South. This was the 15th day in a row with 100° plus degree readings at Columbia, SC. Macon, GA topped out at 106 °F. It was also the 10th consecutive day with 100° degree plus heat at Macon. (Extreme Weather p. 273, by Christopher C. Burt) (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1987 - Thunderstorms produced severe weather from Utah to North Dakota, spawning a dozen tornadoes in North Dakota. Thunderstorms in North Dakota also produced baseball size hail at Clifford which caused four million dollars damage, and high winds which toppled a couple of eighty foot towers cutting off power to the town of Blanchard. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - While cool air invaded the central U.S., unseasonably hot weather continued over the western states. The temperature at Spring Valley, NV, soared from a morning low of 35 degrees to an afternoon high of 95 degrees. Fallon, NV, reported an all-time record high of 108 degrees, and Death Valley, CA, reported their sixth straight day of 120 degree heat. (The Weather Channel) (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Afternoon thunderstorms over Florida produced wind gusts to 92 mph at Jacksonville, damaging thirteen light planes at Herlong Field. Five cities in Texas reported record low temperatures for the date. Corpus Christi, TX, equalled their record low for the date with a reading of 71 degrees, and then tied their record high for the date that afternoon with a reading of 97 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1991: Boston, MA recorded 81 °F for the warmest low temperature. 100 degree readings are not common in Rhode Island, but the mercury topped out at 102° at Providence on this day, the second day in a row that the thermometer reached the century mark. (Ref. NOAA Boston Weather Events) 1993: The Mississippi River crested at 46.9 feet at St. Louis, MO, easily breaking the old record of 43.2 feet established in the 1973 flood. The 11 mile long, 52 foot high flood wall kept water out of the city center. In spite of all the damage the flood did, it is estimated that without all of the flood-control measures in place today, the price tag from the flood would have easily doubled its astronomical $20 billion total. The record crest would be topped again on August 1st. The heavy rainfall that occurred earlier in the month set the stage for what became the flood of the century in Iowa. The city of Des Moines was very hard hit. At the peak of the flooding, nearly 35,000 households were without electricity and 50,000 were without power. Water service was out for 250,000 people, which is the largest water outage in United States history. Losses to the businesses in Des Moines were estimated at $800 million dollars, from physical damage to the buildings and lost business. Other damage in Des Moines included $30 million dollars to homes, $75 million dollars to the levee system and $20 million dollars to the water treatment plant. Damage to West Des Moines was also well over $30 million dollars. Crop damage was extensive as 6.5 million acres of cropland were damaged by the flood. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1995: A camper at Colonial Beach in Westmoreland County, VA took refuge under a tree during a thunderstorm. The tree was struck by lightning, which in turn caused second degree burns over 20 percent of the camper's body. (Ref. Lightning - Virginia Weather History) 1997: Extreme flooding occurred over Baldwin County, Alabama as the remnants of Hurricane Danny drifted slowly northeastward after dumping 30 inches of rain over coastal Alabama. The worst flooding occurred around the Fish River where 500 homes were damaged. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1999: The Cedar River in Charles City, IA reached its all-time crest of an estimated 22.8 feet. Approximately 100 homes had flood damage in Charles City. Almost 12 inches of rain fell in a 48 hours period over these counties. Rainfall totals that day: New Hampton, IA: 7.10 inches (wettest day on record), Charles City, IA: 6.65 inches, West Union, IA: 4 inches. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2006: Western Washington: An unusual heat wave in western Washington breaks five maximum temperature records: Vancouver at 104°F, Olympia at 100°F, Seattle at 97°F, and Hoquiam at 90°F. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2011: at 4:50 PM Chicago bakes in first back-to-back 100-degree days in 16 years since deadly heat wave in July 1995 The mercury hit 101 degrees at Midway Airport at 4:40 pm Thursday afternoon marking the second straight day of triple-digit heat there. This was the city's first encounter with back- to-back 100-degree days in 16 years since the deadly heat wave of July 1995. Back then the mercury soared to 106 degrees on July 13 and was followed by a 102 degree high on July 14. The city's official site at O'Hare Airport has fallen just short of triple-digit heat for the second straight day. Today official high there was 99 degrees recorded at 1:58 pm. On Wednesday the 20th the city's official high at O'Hare international Airport was also 99 degrees. (Ref. WGN Chicago Weather Center - Tom Skilling)

76 / 60 and much more humid air moves in on the southerly flow ahead of the front. Storms / rain into northern areas and some clearing working east out of PA to potentially heat things up for some unstable triggers later. Still think we have clouds and showers lingering a bit tomorrow before clearing out. Overall below normal 7/23 - 7/29 and with the trough in place id look for more unforeseen storms / rain chances early next week Monday. Beyond there western ridge builds heat and the atlantic ridge is building wst. 7/30 - beyond moderation to a warmer/ humid and next shot at heat potential.

Today's Highs: TEB: 85 PHL: 85 EWR: 84 New Brnswck: 84 LGA: 83 TTN: 83 ACY: 82 NYC: 81 BLM: 79 JFK: 79 ISP: 78