It's because of the JPG algorithm. Your camera has to make a decision on which colors to keep or discard to compress the image. Your Canon is capable of capturing a "raw" image which has all of the colors but you need an editor to adjust them. Alternatively, if you phone can do HDR images, the result would be similar without the editing. See if you have that setting and then try taking some pictures and if that improves the color saturation that you're looking for.
FWIW, You'll get better pictures from your Canon because it has a larger sensor and better lens.