There are signs pointing towards El Niño developing over the summer. The models aren’t very strong with the nino right now, but historically after 2nd and 3rd year Ninas we have seen stronger ninos. After the 3 year Nina ending in 2001 and the 2 year Nina ending in 2009, a moderate or strong El Niño developed! There is a lot of warm water below the surface in the western enso 4 region, these waters are as much as 6 degrees Celsius above normal. It will spread out as it comes up so we won’t see a
Thanks. It's amazing how much we matched PDO this year:
All you had to do was roll forward that SST configuration in the Summer/Fall.
You can see how El Nino correlated too, with the NPH (North Pacific High) off the West Coast, US, rolling up into Siberia.
Combination of Strong East-based El Nino and Strong -PDO (Fall) did very well in the Pacific 500mb this Winter.