It is clear that the subsurface SST trends drove the atmos. pattern this late fall-winter more than surface SSTs. The waning subsurface E. Pac. cold pool and the dateline warm pool extending into the C. Pac (ENSO 3.4) likely set the foundation for a +AAM/"El Nino-like" pattern. pic.twitter.com/iL2QFa6mH7

— Yaakov Cantor (@yconsor) May 7, 2023